Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Patients with well-controlled bronchial asthma coming to a university health services clinic exhibited often irritating and sometimes unusual social behaviour. For example, they were more likely to arrive late for an appointment, or not to show up for it at all, than non-allergic healthy patients, patients with perennial rhinitis, patients with seasonal rhinitis, or patients being investigated for cardiac disease. Such behaviour may be just as much a sign of bronchial asthma as is coughing or wheezing.
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PMID:Behaviour in a medical clinic of patients with well-controlled bronchial asthma. 5 2

A 54-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of an asthmatic attack. Her first asthma attack occurred when she was 53 years old. It was followed by a flu-like infection, and was preceded for one year perennial rhinitis and loss of the sense of smell. Symptoms were perennial, and unrelated to the seasons. Because these clinical findings resembled those of aspirin-induced asthma (AIA), an aspirin-DL-lysine i.v. challenge test was done. Cough, perspiration, and flushing was provoked within 15 min after aspirin-DL-lysine injection, but FEV1 did not change. Respiratory sounds were normal and no wheezing was audible. Other cyclooxygenase inhibitors (ketoprofen, sulpyrine and acetaminophen) provoked the same symptoms. Successively increasing doses of injected aspirin-DL-lysine resulted in complete tolerance to this stimulus. We propose that aspirin-induced cough without bronchoconstriction is a new type of aspirin hypersensitivity.
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PMID:[A case of aspirin-induced cough without bronchoconstriction. A new type of aspirin hypersensitivity]. 779 60

Allergic diseases affect at least 15% of the population and are the cause of much ill-health. 'Clinical immunology and allergy', the term used by the Department of Health in England and Wales for this area of specialization, is recognized as a separate specialty of medicine under the National Health Service. Many organ-based hospital consultants (e.g. chest physicians) have allergy as a special interest or subspecialty. Allergists deal largely with 'itch, sneeze, cough and wheeze' and so are experts in: summer hay fever (seasonal, allergic, conjunctivorhinitis); perennial rhinitis (symptoms of a 'permanent cold'); allergic asthma (including occupational asthma); allergy to stinging insects (especially wasps and bees); allergy to drugs; allergy-related skin disorders, i.e. urticaria, angioedema, atopic eczema and contact dermatitis; food allergy and food intolerance; anaphylaxis (acute generalized allergic reaction); evaluating the role of allergy in non-specific/polysymptomatic illness. Children with allergic disease should be under the overall care of a paediatrician since the progression of allergies in children differs from that in adults. Good allergy practice involves teamwork by doctors, nurses and dietitians. The investigation of allergy patients includes skin tests and challenge procedures (e.g. food allergy tests) as well as various specialized laboratory investigations. Good clinical practice by providers and the effective use of allergy services by purchasers should improve prognosis and cut costs of treatment in allergic disease.
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PMID:Good allergy practice--standards of care for providers and purchasers of allergy services within the National Health Service. Royal College of Physicians and Royal College of Pathologists. 852 Nov 76

One hundred and twenty five children (median age 8.71 years) suffering from perennial allergic rhinitis were treated in a randomized, double-blind, parallel group study comparing azelastine nasal spray 0.14 mg/nostril twice daily (0.56 mg/day) and placebo nasal spray. Medication was given for a period of 6 weeks which followed a 2 week placebo washout period in all patients. Subjects were aged between 5 and 12 and were skin prick positive to either house dust mites and/or cat or dog dander. Concomitant anti allergic treatment was not permitted during the study. Severity of rhinitis symptoms was scored daily by the child or his/her parents on a diary card using a visual analogue scale (VAS) for each evaluated symptom: 0, absent-100, could not be worse. Mean weekly scores were calculated. Symptoms evaluated were: sneezing, nasal blockage, nasal itch and rhinorrhea. In addition, at each clinic visit the investigator evaluated symptoms using a verbal score of 0, no symptom-3, severe. Compared to the baseline, for each of the six study weeks, the reduction in the VAS scores for all four symptoms was statistically greater for the azelastine group compared to the placebo group. The investigator's assessment at clinic visits bore out these results. Both azelastine nasal spray and placebo were well tolerated, no serious adverse events were reported. During the treatment phase of the study a total of 36 adverse events were reported by 25 patients (azelastine 10, placebo 15). The most frequently occurring events were pharyngitis (azelastine 5, placebo 3), cough (azelastine 3, placebo 1) and bronchitis (azelastine 1, placebo 3). In conclusion, azelastine has been shown to be effective in the treatment of perennial rhinitis in children aged 5-12 years and to be superior to placebo in the relief of all symptoms assessed, namely sneezing, nasal blockage, nasal itch and rhinorrhea.
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PMID:A randomized double-blind placebo controlled study of azelastine nasal spray in children with perennial rhinitis. 905 34

The efficacy and safety of a nasal spray containing azelastine (CAS 58581-89-8; e.g. Afluon, Allergadil, Rhinolast) in the treatment of both perennial and seasonal allergic rhinitis have been evaluated in two postmarketing drug surveillance programmes (PMS) conducted in Spain. The present analysis reports on the data from a subpopulation from these studies and includes 211 children aged less than 13 years of age. In 73% of children the administered dose of azelastine was one spray puff per nostril twice daily, corresponding to the recommended daily, dosage of 0.56 mg azelastine. Patients with seasonal rhinitis were treated for a period of two weeks, those perennial rhinitis were treated for four weeks. The efficacy of the azelastine was assessed by the changes in severity of the following 10 individual symptoms of rhinitis: sneezing, nose itching, nose congestion, rhinorrhoea, smell reduction, eye itching, lachrimation, photophobia, throat itching, and coughing. Symptoms were rated according to a four-point scale: 0 = absent, 1 = slight, 2 = moderate, and 3 = severe. Both the investigators and the patients were requested to evaluate efficacy and tolerance according to a four point scale: 1 = very good, 2 = good, 3 = moderate, 4 = bad. All of the 10 clinical symptoms underwent a statistically significant and clinically relevant reduction during the treatment period. Nose itching, sneezing, and rhinorrhoea were the symptoms which completely disappeared in the highest number of patients by the end of therapy. The mean sum of all 10 symptom scores pre-treatment (baseline visit) was 11.03 while at the completion of therapy (control visit) it was 3.21. Overall, a decrease of this score was seen in 112 (98%) patients for whom complete data was available, whereas an increase was registered only in 2 (2%) cases. The mean total of the five nasal scores at the baseline visit was 7.64, and at the control visit its value measured 2.31. One hundred and twenty-one (98%) patients exhibited a decrease in the total nasal score, and only 3 (2%) demonstrated an increase. The mean total of the three ocular symptoms scores at the baseline visit was 2.25, while at the control visit its value was only 0.48. A decrease in the total ocular score was observed in 78 (62%) patients, while an increase occurred in only one patient. Overall, 85% of doctors evaluated the efficacy of the drug as "very good/good". 90% of patients did not report adverse events (AEs) during treatment with azelastine and only four patients discontinued treatment due to AEs. General tolerance was evaluated as "very good or good" by 97% of the treating physicians. Local tolerance was rated as "very good or good" by 94%. The most positive characteristics of the therapy according to the physicians were: rapid onset of action in 56% of cases, good efficacy in 46%, simple application in 44%, no sedation in 34%, and long duration of action in 22% of cases. Based upon the excellent risk-benefit assessment of this PMS, our results confirm the suitability of azelastine nasal spray in the treatment of allergic rhinitis in juvenile patients.
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PMID:Evaluation of the drug monitoring programme of azelastine hydrochloride nasal spray in the treatment of allergic rhinitis in children under 13 years of age. 927 42

The diagnostic value for allergies of the low affinity IgE receptor and its soluble circulating fragment (sCD23) remains unclear. In particular, little is know about seasonal influences on serum sCD23 levels in subjects with pollen allergy. In the present study, to gain insight into pathophysiological role of sCD23, we have analyzed, in blood from patients allergic to Parietaria sCD23, IgE, and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) serum levels. IgE were assessed as atopy markers and ECP as an inflammation marker. Patients were studied during and out of pollen season, and results were compared to those obtained in nonallergic subjects. The study population included 42 nonsmoking outpatients, living in Palermo (Sicily, Italy) or in other west Sicilian towns, with a clinical diagnosis of seasonal asthma or rhinitis and monopositive skin test to Parietaria pollen. The group of asthmatic subjects consisted of 25 patients who had one or more of the usual asthma symptoms (wheezing, dyspnea, and cough) only during the pollen season. The group of rhinitis patients consisted of 17 patients, who, during pollen season, had the nasal symptoms (nasal blockage, sneezing, nasal itching, and rhinorrhoea) but no signs of asthma. As a control group, we studied 10 nonatopic subjects from laboratory staff. They had no history of seasonal or perennial rhinitis, asthma, or urticaria and had negative skin tests to a panel of allergens. Soluble CD23, IgE, and ECP were assessed in blood during and out of pollen season. Total serum IgE levels were clearly higher in atopic patients, as classically established. Concerning sCD23 serum levels, a similar pattern of results was obtained. Accordingly, significant correlations were shown between the levels of sCD23 and IgE in all groups of patients. A completely different pattern was observed by analyzing serum ECP levels because ECP levels were significantly increased only in asthmatic patients during pollen season. Accordingly, no significant correlations were observed between the levels of sCD23 and those of ECP. Identifying immune factors associated with the development of atopy can enhance our understanding of the in vivo mechanisms involved and may have utility in paradigms designed to prevent diseases. As demonstrated by the close correlation with total serum IgE values and the lack of correlation with serum ECP values, serum levels of sCD23 appear to be an additional marker for the diagnosis of atopy but not for the follow-up of allergic diseases.
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PMID:Serum levels of soluble CD23 in patients with asthma or rhinitis monosensitive to Parietaria. Its relation to total serum IgE levels and eosinophil cationic protein during and out of the pollen season. 1020 90