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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors comprise 20% of all lung cancers. They are separated into 4 subgroups: typical carcinoid tumor, atypical carcinoid tumor, large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, and small-cell lung carcinoma. The major symptoms present in 60% of patients are cough, hemoptysis, and obstructive pneumonia. They may also exhibit hormonally related symptoms e.g. carcinoid syndrome. Small cell lung cancer is the most common subgroup, with rapid progression, aggressive metastatic potential and the worst prognosis. Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma is rare but also has a poor prognosis. Typical carcinoid may be accompanied with hormone related symptoms and has the best prognosis; atypical one on the contrary may cause lymph node and distant metastases in half of the cases. Elevated plasma levels of chromogranin-A are present in majority of pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors and act as tumor marker. The mainstay of treatment is radical surgery if possible. In locally advanced or metastatic disease combination chemotherapy and somatostatin-analogues may have beneficial effect. This review focuses on the general features, and current diagnostic options of pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors.
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PMID:[Symptoms and diagnostics of lung neuroendocrine tumors]. 2135 52

A 72-year-old man was referred to our hospital with complaints of cough, facial rash, proximal muscle pain and weakness. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed a nodule in the right S6, interstitial pneumonia in bilateral lower lobes and mediastinal lymph node swelling. A biopsy specimen of the nodule revealed non-small cell lung carcinoma. Gottron's sign was noted on his hands, and elevated skeletal muscle enzymes were recognized. Based on clinical and histopathological examinations, the patient was given a diagnosis of dermatomyositis. He was treated with chemotherapy (carboplatin/paclitaxel) for lung cancer and his dermatomyositis was treated with steroids (1 mg/kg of prednisolone) for prolonged muscle pain and cough. Although both therapies were successful, he died of respiratory failure due to acute exacerbation of interstitial pneumonia. In the present case, we found that decreasing tumor size might be related to the activity level of skin and muscle symptoms, not interstitial pneumonia. A combination of 3 diseases is thought to be very rare, and we discussed the intercorrelation among lung cancer, dermatomyositis and interstitial pneumonia with a review of the literature.
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PMID:[A case of acute exacerbation of interstitial pneumonia complicated with dermatomyositis during treatment for lung cancer, and literature review]. 2140 Sep 7

Small cell lung cancer is commonly regarded as an old age related disease. Although the brain is a common site of metastasis for this type of lung cancer, the first manifestation is rarely shown from the metastasis site. In this paper, we report a rare case of 19-year-old female patient with small cell lung cancer whose initial presentation was a solitary brain metastasis. The patient was admitted to our hospital for the recurrence of brain tumor, and the histological diagnosis after operation showed small cell lung cancer. Three months later, she suffered from dry cough and was diagnosed as small cell lung cancer by trans-bronchial biopsy. Due to the identical cell types and immunohistochemical phenotypes, the brain tumor was retrospectively diagnosed as metastasis of small lung cancer by two neurological pathologists. She is the youngest female with brain metastasis as the first manifestation of small cell lung cancer reported so far internationally as to our knowledge. Second-hand smoking was possibly one of the risk factors.
Lung Cancer 2011 Aug
PMID:Brain metastasis as the first manifestation of small cell lung cancer in a female adolescent. 2161 50

In the framework of an objective assessment of medical practices, it has become the rule to limit preoperative examinations, including thoracic imaging, in asymptomatic patients with a low surgical risk (that is, in "good health"). The insistence on the avoidance of "unnecessary" technical examinations in patients in seemingly good health may disregard common symptoms and lead to untoward consequences for the patients as we recently experienced in our respiratory department: two patients were admitted, one for a cavitary tuberculosis and the other one for a small cell carcinoma. These patients had uneventfully undergone in the recent weeks ear, nose and throat procedures and gynaecologic surgical procedures, respectively, without preoperative chest radiography as they were considered "asymptomatic" at the time of surgery. Retrospectively, ordinary symptoms (cough in the patient with cavitary tuberculosis and shortness of breath in the patient with lung carcinoma) were present but did not "ring a bell" during the preoperative assessment.
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PMID:Side effects of evidence-based medicine. 2175 64

A 45-year-old man complaining of cough, dyspnea, and difficulty in swallowing was referred to our hospital. Chest CT scan showed a mediastinal mass compressing the trachea. He was diagnosed with poorly differentiated lung carcinoma by percutaneous needle biopsy. Bronchoscopy and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF). Long-lasting febrile neutropenia made it impossible to continue chemotherapy, but a course of radiotherapy (total 61 Gy) was completed. The next endoscopy revealed closure of the TEF. Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) has been reported to close TEF in esophageal cancer, but the risk of a CRT-induced worsening of the fistula has dissuaded physicians from using CRT to treat TEF in lung cancer patients. CRT may serve as a palliative treatment for TEF in lung cancer as well as esophageal cancer.
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PMID:Tracheoesophageal fistula closed by chemoradiotherapy in lung cancer. 2176 94

A 30-year-old male, carpenter by profession, presented with a history of dry cough and progressive shortness of breath for two months along with right-sided chest pain for one and a half months. The clinico-radiological picture was suggestive of right-sided massive pleural effusion. Computed tomography (CT) scan of the thorax showed a huge mediastinal mass occupying the entire right hemithorax with very small amount of pleural effusion. CT-guided fine needle aspiration cytology and tru-cut biopsy from the mass both revealed small round-cell tumour, possibly small cell carcinoma of the lung. However, on immunohistochemistry tumour cells expressed Mic-2 and it was consistent with a diagnosis of primitive neuroectodermal tumour.
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PMID:A rare mediastinal tumour in a young male mimicking massive pleural effusion. 2234 19

The aim was to describe self-reported health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer and to investigate the associations to stage of disease, age, gender, weight loss and performance status. Further, the study aimed to compare patients' HRQoL with that of the Swedish general population. Data on HRQoL were collected within a multi-centre randomised controlled trial. A total of 334 patients were included between 1998 and 2001. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) and Lung Cancer Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-LC13) were used to assess HRQoL. HRQoL data for comparison with the Swedish population were derived from a random sample of the Swedish population. Patients reported a markedly impaired HRQoL compared to the normal population. There were statistically and clinically significant differences with regard to almost all QLQ-C30 functional and symptom scales. Global health status, physical functioning, role functioning and emotional functioning were markedly deteriorated. The most prominent symptoms were dyspnoea, fatigue, coughing, insomnia, appetite loss and pain. A low performance status, younger age, female gender and a more advanced disease were independently associated with a worse HRQoL. Additional studies are required to gain increased insight into this seriously ill group of patients and their need of supportive care.
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PMID:Health-related quality of life in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: correlates and comparisons to normative data. 2251 74

We describe 2 unusual cases of tracheopathia osteochondroplastica (TPO), one of them presenting with lung carcinoma and the other at an uncommon age. A 74-year-old man presented with chronic bronchitis and a left lower lobe lesion as detected on chest computed tomography. Flexible bronchoscopy revealed multiple calcified nodular lesions involving the anterior-lateral walls of the trachea and main bronchi. Histologic analysis of the tracheal nodules confirmed the presence of TPO. Squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed by transthoracic needle aspiration of the pulmonary nodule. The relevance of coexistence of these 2 conditions remains unknown. Our second case was in a young man who presented with persistent cough and a chest computed tomography scan revealing multiple tracheal nodules. Numerous hard tracheal nodules distributed around the lower trachea and main bronchi were observed at flexible bronchoscopy. When the cough and dyspnea persists despite conventional empiric treatment, uncommon tracheobronchial pathologies, such as TPO, should be considered.
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PMID:Tracheopathia osteochondroplastica: two unusual cases. 2316 92

Lung cancer in the pregnant woman is a very rare and dramatic coincidence with poor prognosis. Treatment depends on the gestational week of the pregnancy, patient's medical status, social, personal, familial, and even religious beliefs. We present a case of adenocarcinoma of the lung in a 34-year-old pregnant patient whose initial complaints were cough, dyspnea, fever and fatigue. She was diagnosed with pneumonia at another hospital, and antibiotic therapy was administered. Meanwhile, at 28 weeks she delivered a preterm low-birth-weight baby. Chest X-ray and thorax CT revealed a mass lesion in the upper left lung lobe. After admission to our clinic, needle aspiration of left supraclavicular lymph node and bronchoscopic biopsy from upper lobe bronchus showed a non-small lung cancer; adenocarcinoma. Brain MRI was normal. PET CT revealed multiple bone metastases. Multidisciplinary Tumor Committee at our hospital referred her to the Oncology Department as an advanced stage IV disease. Chemotherapy was administered with paclitaxel and carboplatin for a total of 12 weeks. Reassessment of the patient revealed new bone metastases and crizotinib was administered since her tumor was found positive for EML4-ALK mutations. The treatment was well tolerated. During a follow up period of 6 months her clinical condition was stable and no adverse events were encountered.
Lung Cancer 2013 Mar
PMID:Lung cancer and pregnancy. 2325 66

A 43-year-old woman with breast cancer who was on neoadjuvant chemotherapy presented with cough, sputum and mild fever. High-resolution computed tomography showed diffuse ground glass opacities in bilateral lungs and subpleural patchy consolidations. Initially, she was thought to have pneumonia or interstitial lung diseases such as drug-induced pneumonitis and treated with antibiotics and steroids. She subsequently got breast cancer surgery because of disease progression, and concurrent thoracoscopic lung biopsy revealed metastatic carcinoma of the lung from breast cancer. The diagnosis of suspected interstitial lung disease can be made without lung biopsy, but malignancy should always be considered and lung biopsy should be performed in the absence of a definitive clinical diagnosis.
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PMID:Ground-glass opacity in lung metastasis from breast cancer: a case report. 2339 Apr 51


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