Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

It is widely assumed that subdural and retinal haemorrhage in infants can only result from traumatic rupture of vulnerable blood vessels. An alternative aetiology, that of vascular rupture resulting from excessive intraluminal pressure, is presented in three disease conditions. (1) Perlman et al., studying premature neonates requiring mechanical ventilation for respiratory distress syndrome, observed "cough-like" fluctuations in oesophageal pressure greater than 18 cms H2O, whose timing matched fluctuations in anterior cerebral artery flow. When 14 out of 24 neonates were paralysed (to prevent abdominal muscle activity) intraventricular haemorrhage developed in all 10 controls but in only one of the paralysed group during paralysis. (2) New analysis of pressure data extracted from a previous study of prolonged expiratory apnoea showed alveolar collapse induced 100 mmHg intrathoracic cough pressure surges. Superior vena cava pressures up to 50 mmHg were implied, and radial artery systolic pressures over 180 mmHg recorded. (3) Bordetella pertussis bacteria attach to cilia in the airways, but do not invade the underlying tissue. The irritation causes the powerful coughing paroxysms of whooping cough. Brain haemorrhages and retinal detachment have been observed to result from the high intravascular pressures produced. The data suggest that any source of intense airway irritation not easily removed (laryngeal infection, inhalation of regurgitated feed, fluff, smoke etc.) could induce similar bleeding, a paroxysmal cough injury (PCI). Additional objective evidence of inflicted trauma is necessary to distinguish between 'shaken baby syndrome' and PCI.
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PMID:Paroxysmal cough injury, vascular rupture and 'shaken baby syndrome'. 1553 2

A 55-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with chronic cough. Although his chest X-ray was normal, chest computed tomography revealed a nodular lesion that was causing beaded stenosis of the lumen of the upper lobe bronchus. Nodules approximately 10 mm in size were seen in the mediastinum. We could not deny the possibility of vascular disease, and enhanced chest computed tomography was performed, which showed these abnormalities to be caused by a dilated and convoluted bronchial artery. Because no pulmonary diseases that would lead to secondary vascular dilatation were evident, a diagnosis of primary racemose hemangioma of the bronchial artery was made. We performed bronchial artery embolization to prevent potential fatal bleeding from vascular rupture. The patient has been followed regularly as an outpatient, and recanalization has not been detected. Primary racemose hemangioma of the bronchial artery is a rare entity; it is also rare for this entity to be detected by findings of a nodular protrusion in the bronchial wall or in a patient presenting with a cough. Here, we report this case and review previous reports.
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PMID:[Bilateral primary racemose hemangioma of the bronchial artery detected by nodular stenosis of the bronchial lumen in a patient with chronic cough and a review of the Japanese literature]. 1982 85