Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The case of a 10.5-year-old girl, who was diagnosed with a case of thalassemia major at the age of 8 months and had been on regular blood transfusions since then, is related. Donor screening for HIV was started in mid-1988, thus she had received unscreened blood for a number of years. In February 1991, she presented with a dry persistent cough, moderate grade continuous fever, and breathlessness on exertion for over 2 weeks. Chest X-ray showed bilateral infiltrations. She was put on penicillin and chloramphenicol with a provisional diagnosis of bronchopneumonia. In March 1991, she had to be hospitalized for impending respiratory failure. After treatment with intravenous fluids and parenteral antimicrobials, her condition stabilized and she was discharged. In April 1991, she was readmitted because of complaints of difficulty in swallowing and weight loss. Her chest signs had persisted and she had developed oropharyngeal candidiasis with ulcerations. She also had alopecia, a generalized lymphadenopathy, digital clubbing, and bilateral parotid enlargement. Candidiasis responded to vigorous therapy with clotrimazole. Fine needle aspiration of lymph node showed a reactive hyperplasia. HIV antibodies were detected in the serum with ELISA and confirmed by Western blot. Immunologic tests showed evidence of severe immunodeficiency. The Multitest CMI, which simultaneously tests delayed skin hypersensitivity to seven common recall antigens, was totally nonreactive. She was classified as having AIDS according to World Health Organization criteria for children under 13 years of age. The diagnosis of lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis (LIP) was also made based on the symptoms. Oral prednisolone was given 2 mg/kg/day in 3 divided doses for a month. The cough and dyspnea showed great improvement and the parotid swellings disappeared; lymphadenopathy, clubbing, and alopecia, however, persisted. The child was kept on maintenance therapy of prednisolone and on alternate day co-trimoxazole for prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii infection.
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PMID:Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) with lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis (LIP) in a multi transfused child with thalassemia major. 129 97

To study the clinical and physiologic manifestations of the grain fever syndrome and the potentially pathogenic role of complement activation, 12 subjects (six grain workers and six healthy non-grain workers) underwent inhalation provocations with airborne grain dust. The clinical response was characterized by facial warmth, headache, malaise, myalgias, feverish sensation, chilliness, throat and tracheal burning sensation, chest tightness, dyspnea, cough, and expectoration. Fever developed in four grain workers and two controls. Leukocytosis, ranging between 11,700 and 24,300 leukocytes/mm3 with left shift, developed in five grain workers and five controls. There was no evidence of complement activation by the classical or alternate pathway. None of the subjects had serum precipitins to grain dust. The pulmonary response was characterized by a decrease in FEV1, FVC, MMF, Vmax50, and Vmax75, with significant rise in pulmonary resistance and consistent change in dynamic compliance but without changes in static compliance or diffusing capacity. Hence, grain dust inhalation induced diffuse airways obstruction without detectable parenchymal reaction. The airways response to high concentrations of grain dust inhalation were unrelated to the presence of immediate skin hypersensitivity. Although we cannot exclude the etiopathogenetic role of an immunologic reaction to grain dust, our data do not support the hypothesis that the grain fever syndrome is a precipitin-mediated allergic pneumonitis. More likely, the manifestations of grain fever probably reflect the host reaction to grain dust bacterial endotoxins and/or nonallergic mediator release by grain or grain dust constituents.
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PMID:Grain fever syndrome induced by inhalation of airborne grain dust. 707 83

Acid anhydrides are low-molecular-weight chemicals known to cause respiratory irritancy and allergy. Skin allergy has on rare occasions been reported. 2 workers contracted hives and itching on uncovered skin after 2 months exposure to methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride (MTHPA) and methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride (MHHPA), to which they had airborne exposure. Later, the patients also developed conjunctivitis, rhinitis, sore throat, cough or asthma. In addition to MTHPA, 1 worker was also exposed to unsaturated polyester resin (UP). Both patients' immediate allergy to MTHPA and MHHPA was verified by positive prick tests to MTHPA and MHHPA, conjugated with human serum albumin (HSA), and positive radioallergosorbent tests (RASTs) to these anhydrides. On prick testing, both patients also reacted to a phthalic anhydride (PA)-HSA-conjugate and 1 of the patients to UP-HSA-conjugate. Specific immediate allergy to UP was shown by RAST. RAST inhibition with MTHPA, MHHPA and UP-resin conjugates confirmed IgE-mediated allergy and cross-reactivity between anhydrides. Our patients had developed airborne contact urticaria caused by phthalic anhydrides, in addition to respiratory allergy. Phthalic anhydride contained in the UP resin was possibly responsible for the immediate reaction of the skin.
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PMID:Immunologic contact urticaria due to airborne methylhexahydrophthalic and methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydrides. 760 Jul 75

HIV-associated tuberculosis (TB) poses an immediate and serious threat to public health, especially in the developing world. Moreover, atypical clinical presentation and unfavorable outcome have been observed in HIV-infected patients with TB. The authors report their findings from an investigation of the impact of HIV infection upon the clinical presentation, response to treatment, and outcome of pulmonary TB. The symptoms, radiographic pattern, sputum direct smear, drug susceptibility, treatment outcome, and adverse reactions of 88 HIV-infected patients seen during January-October 1993 at the Central Chest Hospital, Nonthaburi, Thailand, with newly-diagnosed, culture-proven, untreated pulmonary TB were compared with those of age- and gender-matched HIV-seronegative patients. There were 82 men and six women in each group of mean age 35.6 years, with the majority being aged 16-40. Heterosexual contact was the most common risk factor for HIV infection, with homosexuality implicated in only 1% of all cases of infection. No difference was observed between the two groups in the frequency of pyrexia, dyspnoea, cough, or hemoptysis, although cavitary lesions and upper zone infiltrates were observed significantly less often in the HIV-infected group. Direct smear positivity was comparable in the two groups. Resistance rates to anti-TB drugs were not different except for Streptomycin which was higher among the HIV-infected patients. Cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions and drug-induced hepatitis occurred more often in the HIV-seropositive group, but the difference was not statistically significant. Default was much higher among the HIV-infected, although the culture conversion rate was satisfactory among those who completed treatment. Twelve HIV-infected patients died during the course of treatment, four due to TB. The authors that their findings lead physicians to suspect TB among HIV-seropositive patients and provide them with the appropriate and timely short-course chemotherapy.
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PMID:Clinical aspects and treatment outcome in HIV-associated pulmonary tuberculosis: an experience from a Thai referral centre. 774 73

Absidiosis was produced experimentally in 18 buffalo calves by intravenous inoculation of spores of Absidia corymbifera. Infected animals exhibited dullness, depression, partial anorexia and an initial pyrexia and coughing during the first week and two animals died on each of 9, 13 and 16 days post infection (DPI). The haemoglobin concentration and total erythrocyte count showed no appreciable change from their basal values at any stage of the experiment. However, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and total leukocyte count increased significantly in the infected animals. The differential leukocyte count revealed a relative neutrophilia from 5 to 20 DPI. There was a significant increase in the serum total proteins, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, serum alkaline phosphatase, total immunoglobulins and circulating immune complexes in the infected animals as compared to the controls. In the sera of the infected animals, specific Absidia corymbifera IgM and IgG antibodies were detected from 3 DPI to 6 DPI respectively by Dot-EIA. Type I and type III skin hypersensitivity were detected from 10 DPI and type IV hypersensitivity from 15 DPI onwards. The gross and microscopic pathological lesions were seen mainly in the lungs, in all except one of the affected animals. This animal died 9 DPI and mycotic granulomas were also seen in its heart and kidneys. The microscopic lesions in the lung took the form of well-developed granulomas.
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PMID:Sequential clinical, haematological, biochemical, immunopathological and histopathological alterations in buffalo calves (Bubalus bubalis) intravenously infected with Absidia corymbifera. 1044 50

This paper examines 3 major health-related issues: 1) existing health problems and illnesses resulting from physical environmental conditions at workplaces; 2) female workers' perception on illness and health protection; and 3) the relationship between illness and risk factors. The study area is textile factories in Bangkok and its peripheries. Data are drawn from the 1987 Survey of Occupational Health and Textile Industrial Development in Thailand: Effect on Health and Socioeconomics of Female Migrant Workers. This study shows that about 20% of female workers have ill-health problems and illness after a period of working mainly due to high levels of dust and noise, and inadequate light. These conditions are hazardous to the respiratory system (resulting in cough and chest tightness), the hearing system (pains as well as impaired and hearing loss), eye systems (irritation, reduced visual capacity) and skin allergy. Such illnesses are intensified in the long- run. The analysis of variances reveals that education, section of work, perception (particularly mask and ear plug) significantly affect these illnesses. This study concludes that health education and occupational health should be provided in factories with emphasis on health prevention and promotion.
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PMID:[Health problems and illness of female workers in textile industries]. 1231 45