Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 73-year-old female developed pulmonary disease during treatment with chlorambucil for polycythemia vera. Cough and dyspnea were prominent symptoms. A chest roentgenogram revealed interstitial fibrosis. The diffusing capacity was markedly reduced. Pathologic findings included alveolar lining cell dysplasia, interstitial round cell infiltrates and interstitial fibrosis. Resolution of the pulmonary symptoms and partial clearing of the fibrosis on chest roentgenogram followed discontinuation of the chlorambucil and institution of steroid treatment. Chlorambucil may cause pulmonary fibrosis similar to busulfan and cyclophosphamide and this may be a potential complication of all alkylating agents.
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PMID:Pulmonary disease with chlorambucil therapy. 63 May 32

Intralobar pulmonary sequestration signifies an abnormal and non-aerated mass in the lung, supplied by a systemic artery. Twelve cases are submitted, 10 treated by surgery and two conservatively. There was a male preponderance 11:1, and half the patients were over 25 years. In 66% the abnormality was situated basally on the left side A definite diagnosis can be made only by arteriography, visualizing the number, site, and size of the anomalous vessel(s). Clinically, the symptoms may range from no symptoms at all (four of the present patients) to recurrent pneumonia, cough, and haemoptysis (five of the present patients). In two patients the excised tissue showed epithelial proliferations, tumourlets and slight epithelial dysplasia, but no manifest malignancy. Surgical resection is the only curative treatment for intrapulmonary sequestration. In "silent" cases it is felt justified to apply conservative treatment should primary surgery be contra-indicated.
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PMID:Intralobar pulmonary sequestration. A report of 12 cases. 65 24

Bronchial cartilage dysplasia is believed to have caused lobar bullous emphysema in a 5-month-old Chow Chow that had exercise intolerance, progressive dyspnea, and episodic cough. Radiography of the thorax revealed hyperlucency of the left hemithorax, displacement of the mediastinum and heart to the right, and flattening of the diaphragm. The pup died shortly after the radiographs were obtained. Necropsy revealed massive hyperinflation with 180 degrees torsion of the cranial portion of the left cranial lung lobe, and hyperinflation with less than 180 degrees torsion of the right accessory lung lobe. Histologic examination of the affected lung lobes revealed a lack of bronchial cartilage, loss and displacement of alveolar walls, and bulla formation that resembled congenital (infantile) lobar emphysema of human beings. In this pup, lung lobe torsions may have been predisposed by bronchial cartilage dysplasia.
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PMID:Bronchial cartilage dysplasia with multifocal lobar bullous emphysema and lung torsions in a pup. 151 37

A case of aortic valve dysplasia in a 6 year old male cocker spaniel is described. The dog was presented to the veterinarian because of strong dyspnea and frequent coughing. Clinical examination, EKG, radiographs and angiocardiography all pointed towards a tentative diagnosis of aortic insufficiency. Four months after the first appointment the dog was presented again with congestive heart failure, neural symptoms and strong abdominal pain. Electrocardiography and concentrations of LDH and CK were typical of myocardial infarction. Autopsy revealed a narrowing of the aortic valves in combination with a subaortic stenosis and several infarctions localized in the left ventricle as well as a recent infarction in the left kidney.
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PMID:[Aortic valvular dysplasia in a dog]. 276 90

A review of the literature on Spontaneous Dissecting Aneurysms (DA's) of cerebral arteries is presented with 3 personal cases of DA's of the Internal Carotid Artery (ICA). Patients with spontaneous DA's of the extracranial ICA are of middle age (30 to 60 year old) and present with an ipsilateral pain in the neck or face and/or with TIAs (45 p. 100 and 50 p. 100 of the cases respectively). Claude Bernard-Horner's sign is frequent. The clinical, radiological and pathological data suggest that in most cases, if not all, neurological deficits are due to embolism and/or anterograde thrombus. This has led to recommend anticoagulant therapy. Nevertheless, surgery may be indicated is some situations such as in DA's on kinking arteries. The treatment of spontaneous DA's of extracranial vertebral arteries is still a detectable matter, though they have common features with DA's of the extracranial ICA. The DA's of the basilar and intracranial vertebral arteries are often associated with a subarachnoid haemorrhage and most of them have a severe outcome. Lesions of the arterial wall such as cystic medial necrosis and fibromuscular dysplasia play a role in the extent, and presumably in the initiation, of the so-called spontaneous DA's at least in some cases. Minor trauma, high blood pressure (20 p. 100 of the cases), oral contraceptives and coughing have been as well suspected.
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PMID:[Spontaneous dissecting aneurysms of the cerebral arteries]. 636 8

A pediatric patient is reported who experienced fatal progressive pulmonary fibrosis as a complication of 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) therapy. The patient received a cumulative dosage of 1.29 g (1.72 g/m2) over a two-year period as adjuvant therapy for a medulloblastoma. Two and one-half years after cessation of therapy, cough, tachypnea and fatigue were noted. Progressive pulmonary insufficiency developed. Pulmonary pathologic findings included interstitial fibrosis and alveolar dysplasia. Other cases of BCNU pulmonary toxicity are cited from the medical literature.
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PMID:Pulmonary fibrosis: a complication of 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) therapy. 727 34

Cranio-metaphyseal dysplasia in two brothers, aged fourteen and twelve, is reported. Both brothers presented with deafness, repeated episodes of cold and cough and mouth breathing. Striking craniofacial configuration consisted of hypertelorism, prominent glabella and zygomatic arches, mandibular prognathism and overgrowth of middle third of face. Both patients had genu valgum deformity. Low intelligence and poor scholastic performance present in both brothers were attributed to deafness. Radiographic features consisted of obtuse mandibular angle, defective dentition, sclerotic frontal sinuses, sclerotic mastoids and temporal bones. Splaying of metaphyses of long bones was associated with mild sclerosis. Mild degree of widening of ribs was also present. One brother also had hallux valgus deformity. The radiographic and clinical differentiation of cranio-metaphyseal dysplasia and metaphyseal dysplasia (Pyle's disease) is highlighted.
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PMID:Cranio-metaphyseal dysplasia. 832 1

A 26-year-old man had a total repair of tetralogy of Fallot at 1 year of age, and had redo surgery for restenosis of the right ventricular outflow tract and small residual VSD at 11 years of age. After the second operation, AV block developed and an endocardial pacemaker system was implanted. For the last 3 years, he had mild febrile episodes, cough, occasional hemoptysis and paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia. Because of his refractory tachycardia and suspected infective endocarditis, he was admitted for further study. Blood culture revealed Peptostreptococcus, echocardiogram showed vegetation around intravenous pacing lead, and electrophysiological study demonstrated delayed potential on the left side of the right ventricular outflow tract. He underwent scartectomy and cryoablation of the focus of the tachycardia which was reconfirmed by epicardial and endocardial mapping during the operation, which involved removal of the endocardial lead and new outflow tract patch repair. His postoperative course was uneventful without any antiarrhythmic drugs. Pathological examination of the scar showed myocardial fibrosis and replacement by fatty tissue which was different from the pathological characters of the arrythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia.
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PMID:[Successful scartectomy and cryoablation for ventricular tachycardia occurring late after correction of tetralogy of Fallot]. 896 97

Barrett's metaplasia can develop in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and metaplasia can evolve into dysplasia and adenocarcinoma. The optimal treatment for Barrett's metaplasia and dysplasia is still being debated. The study reported herein was designed to assess the following: (1) the incidence of Barrett's metaplasia among patients with GERD; (2) the ability of laparoscopic fundoplication to control symptoms in patients with Barrett's metaplasia; (3) the results of esophagectomy in patients with high-grade dysplasia; and (4) the character of endoscopic follow-up programs of patients with Barrett's disease being managed by physicians throughout a large geographic region (northern California). Five-hundred thirty-five patients evaluated between October 1989 and February 1997 at the University of California San Francisco Swallowing Center had a diagnosis of GERD established by upper gastrointestinal series, endoscopy, manometry, and pH monitoring. Thirty-eight symptomatic patients with GERD and Barrett's metaplasia underwent laparoscopic fundoplication. Eleven other consecutive patients with high-grade dysplasia underwent transhiatal esophagectomies. Barrett's metaplasia was present in 72 (13%) of the 535 patients with GERD. The following results were achieved in patients who underwent laparoscopic fundoplication (n = 38): Heartburn resolved in 95% of patients, regurgitation in 93% of patients, and cough in 100% of patients. With regard to transhiatal esophagectomy (n = 11), the average duration of the operation was 339 +/- 89 minutes. The only significant complications were two esophageal anastomotic leaks, both of which resolved without sequelae. Mean hospital stay was 14 +/- 5 days. There were no deaths. The specimens showed high-grade dysplasia in seven patients and invasive adenocarcinoma (undiagnosed preoperatively) in four (36%). These results can be summarized as follows: (1) Barrett's metaplasia was present in 13% of patients with GERD being evaluated at a busy diagnostic center; (2) laparoscopic fundoplication was highly successful in controlling symptoms of GERD in patients with Barrett's metaplasia; (3) in patients with high-grade dysplasia esophagectomy was performed safely (invasive cancer had eluded preoperative endoscopic biopsies in one third of these patients); and (4) even though periodic endoscopic examination of Barrett's disease is universally recommended, this was actually done in fewer than two thirds of patients being managed by a large number of independent physicians in this geographic area.
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PMID:Barrett's esophagus: a surgical disease. 1048 92

We report the case of a young patient who developed spontaneous compressive orbital emphysema after an attack of coughing. At admission the patient presented left proptosis, diplopia, vision impairment and headache. Computer tomography showed air in the lateral part of left orbit compressing the eyeball and the optic nerve medially. It also revealed a sphenoid bone dysplasia with hyperpneumatization of the left greater wing and with two dehiscences in its wall. It was very intriguing to discover that this sphenoid dysplasia and the flap of mucosa covering one dehiscence were causing a ball-valve effect, allowing air to enter but not leave the orbit. Endoscopic sinus surgery was successfully used to treat this case.
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PMID:Spontaneous compressive orbital emphysema of rhinogenic origin. 1119 31


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