Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two cases of miliary tuberculosis with syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) were reported. Case 1. A 70-year-old woman suffering from general fatigue and appetite loss developed neck stiffness and stupor three days after admission. The chest X-ray film showed a miliary pattern in both lungs. The lumber puncture showed high pressure and increased leucocytes in the cerebrospinal fluid. Serum natrium concentration was 113 mEq/L. Tubercle bacilli were seen in the broncho-alveolar lavage fluid by the Ziehl-Nielsen staining. An improvement in electrolytes balance was produced by 2.5% NaCl and antituberculous treatment, then her mental function recovered. Case 2. A 71-year-old man was admitted with gastric ulcer. When he developed dry cough thirty days after admission, the chest X-ray film showed a miliary pattern in both lungs. Acute respiratory failure advanced concomitantly. Tubercle bacilli were seen in the sputum (Gaffky 5) by the Ziehl-Nielsen staining. Antituberculous treatment was started. Although the miliary shadow improved gradually, hyponatremia was rather progressing. The following values for serum constituents were determined: sodium, 118 mEq/L; antidiuretic hormone, 10.3 pg/ml. Antituberculous treatment and supplement of NaCl (10 g/day) improved serum natrium level. He had no mental disturbance in his clinical course. In both cases, thyroid, renal and adrenal function were normal. Systemic edema and dehydration did not exist at the state of hyponatremia, and it was very clear that laboratory data were compatible with SIADH criteria. Miliary tuberculosis is one of the least commonly recognized causes of SIADH.
 ...
PMID:[Two cases of miliary tuberculosis with SIADH]. 279 13

A 24-year-old man had a large anterior mediastinal mass and a nonproductive cough of 6 weeks' duration. With the patient under general anesthesia, a diagnostic mediastinoscopy was performed with endotracheal intubation. During the procedure, acute respiratory failure developed as a result of tracheal obstruction. Fiberoptic bronchoscopic examination of the patient in the supine position revealed almost total extrinsic compression of the trachea and no evidence of intraluminal disease. Reexamination of the trachea with the patient in sitting and semiprone positions showed resolution of the extrinsic compression and respiratory distress. Flow-volume curves obtained before treatment of the mediastinal mass (histologically diagnosed as Hodgkin's lymphoma) disclosed major airway compression with the patient in the supine position; the abnormality disappeared after chemotherapy. The mechanisms responsible for tracheal compression by mediastinal masses during general anesthesia may include the following: (1) the effect of anesthesia on pulmonary mechanics, (2) the supine body position, (3) the elimination of glottic regulation of airflow by endotracheal intubation, (4) changes related to the surgical manipulation of the tumor itself, (5) the size and location of the mediastinal mass, (6) the young age of the patient, and (7) preexisting airways disease. Anticipation and prevention of potential respiratory complications and preparedness to treat them appropriately are important aspects of the management of these patients.
 ...
PMID:Mediastinal mass and tracheal obstruction during general anesthesia. 317 49

A four-week-old male infant who had been exclusively breast-fed by his mother developed acute respiratory failure with intermittent arrest of breathing for up to 15 sec, in between sighing breaths and normal ones. For two weeks his mother had been taking pentoxyverine-containing cough drops for an upper respiratory tract infection. Pentoxyverine was demonstrated in maternal serum and breast milk, as well as the child's serum and urine, in some in very high concentrations. The course of the illness and comparison with reported instances of pentoxyverine poisoning in infants makes it likely that this, too, was such a case.
 ...
PMID:[Pentoxyverine poisoning via maternal milk in a fully breast-fed newborn infant]. 337 Dec 22

Eight cases of pulmonary involvement were observed in 17 severe cases of ictero-haemorrhagic leptospirosis. Haemoptysis (7 cases) occurred on the 4th day of the infectious syndrome and was associated with other haemorrhagic manifestations in 4 cases. Cough, pain and polypnoea were not constant. Chest X-ray showed diffuse, non-specific changes, such as nodular opacities or infiltrates. Septicaemia was confirmed in all cases with acute renal failure in 7 cases and meningitis in 6 cases. Severe thrombocytopenia was demonstrated in 2 cases. Six patients recovered quickly with regression of the lung changes within 12 days. Two patients died, one of a fulminant haemoptysis related to a disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome, and the other of acute respiratory failure. All cases were confirmed serologically. Although lung changes in leptospirosis are usually benign and mild, haemoptysis and polypnoea with diffuse radiological changes are poor prognostic factors. The pathological changes were similar to those of haemorrhagic alveolitis. These changes may be either due to the liberation of toxins or to an immunological phenomenon.
 ...
PMID:[Pulmonary manifestations in severe ictero-hemorrhagic leptospirosis]. 363 26

The new anti-arrhythmic agent, amiodarone, is increasingly recognized as a cause of pulmonary toxicity (APT). In the present series, 11 of 171 patients (6.4%) receiving the drug had APT develop. Clinical symptoms varied from mild cough and dyspnea to acute respiratory failure. Chest x-rays demonstrated alveolar and/or interstitial opacities in all 11 patients. The microscopic appearance of APT resembled that seen in lung injury from other drugs. The features were those of diffuse alveolar damage, ranging from the early acute to the organizing phase. Mural and intraalveolar foam cells were a prominent component. The epithelial origin of these cells was confirmed by positive immunoperoxidase staining for carcinoembryonic antigen. They were further identified as type II pneumocytes by electron microscopic examination. These findings support the concept that amiodarone is responsible for a drug-induced phospholipidosis. APT was clinically reversible in all patients; however, five patients (45%) died of arrhythmia shortly after discontinuation of amiodarone.
 ...
PMID:Amiodarone-associated pulmonary toxicity. A clinical and pathologic study of eleven cases. 379 44

We studied the effect of adding positive end expiratory pressure, PEEP, during the administration of a nebulized bronchodilator in eight patients with acute respiratory failure and severe bronchospasm. Respiratory failure was diagnosed by means of an arterial blood gas analysis and bronchospasm by the presence of wheezing, dyspnea, cough and a forced expiratory volume in the first second, FEV1, of less than 0.7 L. A randomized cross over design was used, where each patient was subjected to two PEEP treatments and two control treatments with zero end expiratory pressure, ZEEP. The interval between each treatment was three hours. With ZEEP, FEV1 rose from 0.69 +/- 0.31 to 1.03 +/- 0.23 L and with PEEP from 0.66 +/- 0.28 to 1.50 +/- 0.48 L (P less than 0.05). Similar changes were seen in forced vital capacity and in peak flow. These results demonstrate that PEEP improves the efficacy of an inhaled, nebulized bronchodilator. This effect is probably mediated through a better distribution especially in peripheral airways.
 ...
PMID:A new mode of administration of nebulized bronchodilator in severe bronchospasm. 704 90

A 75-year-old man developed dyspnea, cough, peripheral radiographic infiltrates, eosinophilia, and severe hypoxemia requiring mechanical ventilation. An open lung biopsy revealed chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, and the patient recovered with corticosteroid therapy. Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia is a disease that should be included in the different diagnosis of treatable causes of acute respiratory failure.
 ...
PMID:Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia: an unusual cause of acute respiratory failure. 741 25

Post-poliomyelitis respiratory impairment is extremely common and entails considerable risk of morbidity and mortality. Respiratory muscle weakness is the primary etiological factor but post-poliomyelitis individuals (PPIs) also have a high incidence of scoliosis, obesity, sleep disordered breathing, and bulbar muscle dysfunction, all of which can add to the risk. One hundred forty-five PPIs were managed by noninvasive alternatives to intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) via an indwelling tracheostomy. When properly managed in this manner, acute respiratory failure requiring hospitalization, tracheal intubation, and bronchoscopies were avoided. Timely introduction of mouthpiece IPPV, nasal IPPV, manually and mechanically assisted coughing, and noninvasive blood gas monitoring in the home were the principal techniques used for optimizing quality of life and for avoiding complications.
 ...
PMID:Management of post-polio respiratory sequelae. 761 64

Conventional medical treatment of COPD patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF) was associated with an overall mortality ranging 12-29%. When conservative treatment fails, ARF is usually managed by means of mechanical ventilation (MV) via an endotracheal tube (ET) or tracheostomy. Mortality of COPD patients with ARF treated with invasive MV ranged 21-54%. Invasive MV is associated with several complications. Positive pressure ventilation (PPV) by means of facial or nasal masks have been used in place of endotracheal intubation in ARF: the results are promising. Advantages of mask ventilation include the possibility of intermittent delivery of ventilation, use of different modalities of ventilation, the ability to undertake normal swallowing, feeding and speech, the possibility of physiological air warming and humidification, the possibility of coughing, and an easier weaning whilst still maintaining possibilities of ET intubation. Reported side-effects during mask PPV include mask discomfort, skin reddening, dry nose, air leaks, eye irritation and gastric distension. Mortality of COPD patients treated with noninvasive PPV ranged 6-25%. The level of severity of basal acidosis and blood gas response to a short trial of noninvasive PPV were predictive of success of this modality of MV. Preliminary results suggest that one year mortality after MV is reduced with noninvasive PPV in comparison to ET ventilation.
 ...
PMID:Ventilation techniques: invasive versus noninvasive. 771 93

An 18-year-old male who was admitted to hospital due to fever, skin rashes, cough, and malaise showed laboratory examination findings of leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, mild liver dysfunction, and hypoxia. Bone marrow aspiration revealed 2% histiocytes with hemophagocytosis. Chest X-ray showed bilateral diffuse interstitial pneumonia. The titer of anti-measles virus antibody was < 1:4, and that at convalescence stage was 1:64. He was diagnosed as having hemophagocytic syndrome and acute respiratory failure due to measles, and was treated with methylprednisolone pulse therapy. He promptly recovered from thrombocytopenia and acute respiratory distress. Steroid pulse therapy may be effective in these conditions due to measles.
 ...
PMID:Virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome due to measles accompanied by acute respiratory failure. 778 29


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>