Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

20 patients, aged between 31 and 71, have been treated. All were hospitalized because of acute or chronic broncho-pneumopathy and have been administered 4-carbomethoxythiazolidine at a dosage of 300 mg/d. in association with the common antibiotic or chemiotherapic treatments. Every day all symptoms have been registered (asthenia, cephalea, sibiluses, rhoncuses, rales, inspiratory and expiratory dyspnea). Before and after the treatment some respiratory functioning tests have been performed, including the VEMS and VEMS/CV determination. A further study on the distribution of the inhaled air has been carried out, as well as on the ventilation/perfusion ratio by means of He and CO2 curves. At the beginning and at the end of the TMC treatment some hematiobiologic tests have been carried out, including: haemochromo with leukocytic formula, blood platelets counting, VES, glycemia, azotemia, transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubinaemia, prothrombinic activity and determination of urine's specific weight. The pulmonary symptomatology (cough, sibiluses, rhoncuses, rates, inspiratory and expiratory dyspnea), was markedly reduced. Even if, as for the preliminary character of the experiment, we can state that 4-carbomethoxythiazolidine is a drug with an outstanding level of tolerance.
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PMID:[Therapeutic efficacy and general tolerability of 4-carbomethoxythiazolidine chlorohydrate in combination with antibiotic and bronchoactive therapy in adult patients with acute and chronic bronchopneumopathy with prevalent exudative component]. 210 1

The Authors describe a test performed on 20 hospitalized patients aged between 22 and 80, suffering from obstruent chronic broncho-pneumopathy. The test has been performed according to a double-blind pattern; each patient has been treated according to the 10-day long randomized scheme with one of the two drugs N-acetyl-L-cysteine, 4-carbomethoxythiazolidine. After a 7-day wash-out the patient has been treated with the other drug for a further period of 10 days. All patients have been administered both products at a dosage of 200 mg. three times a day. Every day following values have been registered: arterial pressure, body temperature; subjective and objective symptomatology relieves: cough, cephalea, asthenia, sibiluses, rhoncuses, rales, inspiratory and expiratory dyspnea. Furthermore before and after the treatment the quantity and the quality of the expectorate in order is evaluate the biologic tolerance of the examined drugs, before and after each treatment the following haematochemical and urinary tests have been performed: VES, azotemia, glycemia, SGOT, SGPT, LDH, alkaline phospatase, total and direct bilirubinaemia, prothrombinic activity, complete chemical analysis of urines. As shown in Tab. I-IX, a global analysis of the results proves that 4-carbomethoxythiazolidine is a very well-tolerated drug without any negative side-effect. As far as its therapeutic efficacy is concerned we can say that the mucolitic activity of 4-carbomethoxythiazolidine is the some of that of N-acetyl-L-cysteine.
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PMID:[Therapeutic efficacy and general tolerability of 4-carbomethoxythiazolidine chlorohydrate in a double-blind crossover experiment on chronic obstructive bronchopneumopathy]. 210 4

40 patients suffering from acute hypersecretive bronchopulmonary disorders were treated for a period of 6-9 days. They have been administered 4-carbomethoxythiazolidine both in capsules and in granular form at a dosage of 400 mg/day. At the beginning of the treatment with 4-carbomethoxythiazolidine (basal stage) after 3-4 days and at the end (final stage) the following clinic parameters have been registered: presence and quantity of the expectoration, difficulty in expectoration, signs of bronchial hypersecretion detectable by thorax auscultation, cough. At the basal and final stages the haematochemical parameters have been determinated such as: haemoglobin, azotemia, SGOT, SGPT, read corpuscles. They did not show individual or average variation over the values registered at the basal stage. At the end of the experiments collected data, biometric elaboration by Wilcoxon test has been carried out. The conclusive judgement on the efficacy of 4-carbomethoxythiazolidine, has been positive in 95% of the cases.
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PMID:[Therapeutic efficacy and general tolerability of 4-carbomethoxythiazolidine chlorohydrate in adult patients with hypersecretory bronchopulmonary diseases]. 210 3

An 81-year-old woman had chills, fever, nausea, vomiting, and epigastric pain. On day 3 she had hematuria and was treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. On day 5 she had a cough, hypotension, anemia, azotemia, and elevated hepatic enzyme levels. Her condition deteriorated with thrombocytopenia, anuria requiring dialysis, edema, and hypoalbuminemia. Treatment with chloramphenicol and doxycycline was started on day 10. By day 11, she was in hypotensive shock; on day 12 she had seizures and died. Murine typhus was diagnosed by demonstration of antibodies to Rickettsia typhi by indirect immunofluorescence. Necropsy revealed interstitial pneumonia, pulmonary edema, hyaline membranes, alveolar hemorrhages, petechiae and vasculitis in the central nervous system, interstitial myocarditis, multifocal interstitial nephritis and hemorrhages, splenomegaly, portal triaditis, and mucosal hemorrhages in urinary tract. Immunofluorescent R. typhi were demonstrated in the lungs, brain, kidneys, liver, and heart. This unusual death occurred in an elderly patient without rash who was treated too late with antirickettsial drugs.
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PMID:Histopathology and immunohistologic demonstration of the distribution of Rickettsia typhi in fatal murine typhus. 249 81

The chemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, clinical use, adverse effects, and dosage of lisinopril are reviewed. Lisinopril, a new nonsulfhydryl angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, is absorbed in its active form. Like the other ACE inhibitors, it lowers peripheral vascular resistance, with a resultant decrease in blood pressure. Approximately 29% of lisinopril is absorbed after oral administration. No measurable metabolism occurs, and excretion is primarily renal. Accumulation of lisinopril occurs in patients with renal dysfunction; however, dosage adjustment is necessary only when the creatinine clearance is less than 30 mL/min. Lisinopril has been shown to be an effective antihypertensive agent at doses of 10 to 80 mg given once daily in patients with essential and secondary hypertension caused by renal artery stenosis. The effectiveness of lisinopril is comparable to that with diuretics, beta blockers, and calcium-channel antagonists. In patients who are unresponsive to maximal doses of lisinopril alone, addition of another antihypertensive agent may be beneficial. Limited information suggests that lisinopril may be comparable to captopril for the treatment of congestive heart failure. Adverse effects associated with lisinopril are relatively minor and are comparable to those associated with enalapril. Hematological abnormalities have not been reported with lisinopril. Class-related adverse effects include cough, azotemia, angioedema, hypotension, and hyperkalemia. Lisinopril appears to be comparable to other ACE inhibitors for the treatment of hypertension and may be as effective as its predecessors for the treatment of congestive heart failure. Further study is needed to better define a therapeutic niche for lisinopril.
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PMID:Lisinopril: a nonsulfhydryl angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. 285 60

Since their introduction in clinical practice in 1980, ACE inhibitors have been found useful in the treatment of hypertension and CHF. In hypertension, they are effective as monotherapy in 40% to 50% of the patients, and in combination with diuretics or calcium antagonists, they are effective in up to 85% of the patients. They are well tolerated, are not associated with depression, impotence, bronchospasm or metabolic derangements such as hypokalemia, hyperuricemia or hyperglycemia, and do not have adverse effects on the quality of life. As a result, they are preferred in hypertensive patients with CHF, left ventricular dysfunction, mental depression, older age, coronary artery disease, metabolic disorders, chronic destructive pulmonary disease, and peripheral vascular disease. In CHF they cause long-lasting hemodynamic and symptomatic improvement, improve exercise tolerance, and may lower mortality in certain patient subsets. Evolving new indications for ACE inhibitors include the diagnosis of renovascular hypertension, the prediction of surgical success, the treatment of scleroderma renal crisis, the reduction of proteinuria, renal protection, cardioprotection, the improvement of arterial compliance, in Bartter's syndrome and idiopathic edema, etc. ACE inhibitors are usually well tolerated but in some instances they may cause class-specific side effects such as hypotension; usually reversible azotemia or renal failure, especially in patients with renal artery stenosis or with CHF with low blood pressure; cough; angioedema; and hyperkalemia. Differences among ACE inhibitors are emerging and include chemical class (e.g., zinc ligand), biotransformation, potency, pharmacokinetics, prodrugs, tissue effects, additional pharmacologic properties, and drug interactions.
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PMID:Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. II. Clinical use. 305 46

Five episodes of fungemias are described; all had occurred in children with leukemia or lymphoma between January 1, 1978 and December 31, 1990. These fungemias comprised 3.4% of the total septicemias encountered during that period. Three episodes occurred during the induction phase and two during relapse. All patients had fever of varying degree and duration. In addition to steroids, all were receiving combination antibiotics before the fungemia had occurred. All patients had severe neutropenia lasting more than one week. Bacteremia preceded fungemia in four patients. Two episodes were diagnosed antemortem. The same species were isolated from other sites in three cases. Fever, chills and gastrointestinal symptoms were the most common clinical features; other symptoms included cough, dyspnea, oliguria and azotemia. One patient experienced skin lesion, dysphagia, hoarseness and hemiparesis. Only one patient survived. The prognosis from fungemia in leukemia and lymphoma patients is very poor. Empiric antifungal therapy is indicated in neutropenic patients who have recurrent or persistent fever despite one week of broad spectrum antibiotics. Early diagnosis and treatment will aid in improving the overall poor outcome of this disease.
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PMID:Candida tropicalis fungemia in children with leukemia and lymphoma. 821 55

In the Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (LVD), enalapril or placebo was administered in a double-blind fashion to 6797 participants with ejection fraction < or = 0.35. During 40 months' average follow-up, 28.1% of participants randomized to enalapril reported side effects compared with 16.0% in the placebo group (p < 0.0001). Enalapril use was associated with a higher rate of symptoms related to hypotension (14.8% vs 7.1%, p < 0.0001), azotemia (3.8% vs 1.6%, p < 0.0001), cough (5.0% vs 2.0%, p < 0.0001), fatigue (5.8% vs 3.5%, p < 0.0001), hyperkalemia (1.2% vs 0.4%, p = 0.0002), and angioedema (0.4% vs 0.1%, p < 0.05). Side effects resulted in discontinuation of blinded therapy in 15.2% of the enalapril group compared with 8.6% in the placebo group (p < 0.0001). Thus enalapril is well tolerated by patients with LVD; however, hypotension, azotemia, cough, fatigue, and other side effects result in discontinuation of therapy in a significant minority of patients.
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PMID:Adverse effects of enalapril in the Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD). SOLVD Investigators. 857 32

Epidemic dropsy is a clinical state resulting from use of edible oils adulterated with Argemone mexicana oil. Sanguinarine and dehydrosanguinarine are two major toxic alkaloids of Argemone oil, which cause widespread capillary dilatation, proliferation and increased capillary permeability. Leakage of the protein-rich plasma component into the extracellular compartment leads to the formation of oedema. The haemodynamic consequences of this vascular dilatation and permeability lead to a state of relative hypovolemia with a constant stimulus for fluid and salt conservation by the kidneys. Illness begins with gastroenteric symptoms followed by cutaneous erythema and pigmentation. Respiratory symptoms such as cough, shortness of breath and orthopnoea progressing to frank right-sided congestive cardiac failure are seen. Mild to moderate anaemia, hypoproteinaemia, mild to moderate renal azotemia, retinal haemorrhages, and glaucoma are common manifestations. There is no specific therapy. Removal of the adulterated oil and symptomatic treatment of congestive cardiac failure and respiratory symptoms, along with administration of antioxidants and multivitamins, remain the mainstay of treatment. Selective cultivation of yellow mustard, strict enforcement of the Indian Food Adulteration Act, and exemplary punishment to unscrupulous traders are the main preventive measures.
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PMID:Epidemic dropsy in India. 1062 75

A rare case of thrombotic microangiopathy in a patient with hemophagocytic syndrome is reported. An 18-year-old girl was admitted following prolonged fever, watery diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, and a 2-week history of rhinorrhea, cough, and painful cervical lymph nodes. Anemia, thrombocytopenia, jaundice, hepatomegaly, and mild azotemia developed within 2 weeks of admission. The diagnosis of a reactive hemophagocytic syndrome, probably secondary to infection, was made based on the findings of bone marrow examination. Extensive investigation failed to identify a causative agent. The disease initially responded rapidly to intravenous steroids and high-dose immunoglobulin therapy but relapsed soon after tapering of the steroids. Although her condition improved again on resumption of treatment with high-dose steroids, nephrotic range proteinuria and microscopic hematuria developed after the steroids were tapered. Fragmented erythrocytes were seen in peripheral blood with elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase and decreased serum haptoglobin concentrations. The results of subsequent renal pathology examination were also compatible with thrombotic microangiopathy. The disease course finally stabilized after a course of pulse methylprednisolone therapy. Immune hyperactivity, particularly hypercytokinemia and monocyte hyperactivity, could have accounted for the development of thrombotic microangiopathy in this case. Only strong immunosuppressive therapy can control such disease activity.
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PMID:Thrombotic microangiopathy in hemophagocytic syndrome: a case report. 1210 56


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