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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) of the lungs is thought to arise in the bronchial glands. It is a tumor that rarely develops and it has a low grade of malignancy. In this paper, we describe one case of infiltrative MEC, which we were able to diagnose preoperatively. Surgery revealed a high grade malignancy which is reported here with a discussion based on the related literature. The patient was a 63-year-old male who was referred to our hospital by another physician due to a cough and left chest pain. A simple chest X-ray revealed a tumor shadow and a fascicular shadow on its periphery in the upper left lobe. Bronchoscopy disclosed complete circumferential stenosis at B1+2,3 and reddening from this region to the main bronchus, but it was impossible to directly confirm the tumor. Pulmonary arterography did not depict the left upper pulmonary vein, but obstruction due to a tumor of that vein was observed. Given the above findings, under a diagnosis of infiltrative MEC, a left total lobectomy accompanied by a combined left atriectomy was performed. Although most cases of MEC have a low grade malignancy, there have been some reported cases with a very high grade of malignancy. Therefore, evaluation of the progress of this type of carcinoma by preoperative diagnosis as well as radical excision appropriate to lung cancer are considered to be important.
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PMID:[An experience with surgical treatment for mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lungs]. 823 Sep 39

Mechanical efficiency of coughing (MEC) is assessed from the integral calculus of a square of expiratory flow rate divided with a square of tracheal transectinal area. Patients whose FEV1.0% was less than 60% had significantly low MEC, compared with patients whose FEV1.0% was more than 75%. esophageal pressure simultaneously measured at coughing was almost the same in both groups. Pre-operative MEC was corrected in 82 lung cancer patients with the same manner as the prediction of expiratory flow rate after pulmonary resection. In 10 patients who needed bronchofiberscopic aspiration of sputum at post-operative days, corrected MEC was significantly lower than others who did not need it. MEC correlated closely with FEV1.0% divided with body surface area (correlation coefficient = 0.85). MEC was useful for assessment of post-operative difficulty of sputum drainage.
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PMID:[Assessment of mechanical efficiency of coughing in pre- and post-operative lung cancer patients]. 828 20

A 41-year-old male visited our clinic complaining of cough and dirty hemosputum. Roentgenogram and CT scan of the chest revealed a cavitary nodule in the S1+2 of the left lung. After administration of antibiotics (CFIX, ASPC, FMOX, CLDM), the cavities were disappeared but the size of the nodule remained unchanged. Because the possibility of lung cancer could not be excluded, we underwent transbronchial brushing and bronchial lavage. Then, parasitic ova of Paragonimus westermani was detected in BALF, and an Ouchterlony's double diffusion test showed strong reaction against Paragonimus westermani antigen. The patient was successfully treated with praziquantel. Efficacy of the treatment was confirmed by a remarkable decrease of antibody titer measured by microplate-EIA.
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PMID:[A case of paragonimiasis westermani diagnosed on the observation of parasitic ova in bronchial washing fluid and successfully treated with praziquantel]. 832 Apr 68

The goals of diagnostic testing in patients with suspected lung cancer are to establish the diagnosis and to determine the stage of the disease so that appropriate therapy can be initiated. Unless a patient has hemoptysis, fever, or a change in cough as an initial manifestation, resectable lung cancer will seldom be diagnosed on the basis of the history. Screening tests--particularly chest roentgenography--have usually identified the abnormality. The managing physician should then select diagnostic procedures that are associated with low risk and that will provide further diagnostic and staging information. A biopsy will almost always be necessary before definitive therapy can be planned. In many cases, a single procedure--for example, a needle biopsy of a hepatic lesion or biopsy of a supraclavicular lymph node--will provide a definitive diagnosis and establish the stage of the disease. The roles of cytology, histopathologic examination, radiologic studies, and various types of biopsy in the diagnosis of lung cancer are reviewed in this report.
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PMID:Diagnostic tests for lung cancer. 847 73

A 42-year-old man with one year history of cough and chest pain due to right upper lung cancer was scheduled for radical surgery. An echocardiogram and a lung scan showed a tumor mass in the left atrium, which was originating from carcinoma of the right upper lobe. Right pneumonectomy and atrial tumor extirpation were done successfully under the state of cardiac arrest using extracorporeal circulation with topical cooling by crushed ice in order not to spread the tumor cells into systemic circulation. He was extubated on the 1st postoperative day. But, thereafter he developed moderate dyspnea. On 7, 10 and 13th postoperative days he fell into the state of CO2 narcosis. Decreased capacity of the lung after the pneumonectomy and left phrenic nerve injury during the operation were considered factors causing the respiratory insufficiency. Patient was discharged 6 weeks later and continued to have consultations at the outpatient clinic.
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PMID:[Extracorporeal circulation for removal of carcinoma of the lung invading the left atrium]. 858 64

Patients with unilateral vocal cord paralysis from intrathoracic malignancies may have significant dysfunctions of speech, swallowing, ventilation, and effective coughing as a result of inadequate compensation of the nonparalyzed cord. In patients with already compromised pulmonary function, aspiration can be a life-threatening event. Sixty-three patients with intrathoracic malignancies required surgical correction of vocal cord paralysis. Primary pathology included lung cancer (49), esophageal cancer (nine), and miscellaneous tumors (five). Symptoms included hoarseness (62), dyspnea (21), aspiration (26), weight loss (19), dysphagia (14), and pneumonia (14). The surgical procedures included medial displacement of the vocal cord with silicone elastomer (48), temporary Gelfoam injection (seven), and Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene) injection (eight) to move the affected cord to a medial position. In 11 patients, the operation was performed in the acute postoperative setting to improve pulmonary toilet. Symptomatic improvement was noted in the following proportions of affected patients: hoarseness, 92%; dyspnea, 90%; dysphagia, 93%; aspiration, 92%; pneumonia, 93%; and weight loss, 47%. Overall success rate of the intervention was 57 of 63 patients (90%). All 11 patients treated in the acute setting had immediate improvement. A variety of complications occurred in 17% of patients. Surgical management of vocal cord paralysis in patients with intrathoracic malignancies prevents life-threatening pulmonary complications in the acute postoperative setting. In chronic situations, it provides patients with improved speech, swallowing, and pulmonary function, resulting in improved quality of life, even for patients not cured of their disease.
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PMID:Vocal cord medialization for unilateral paralysis associated with intrathoracic malignancies. 858 6

C-fibres probably represent the common final pathway in both ACE inhibitors and neoplastic cough. A recent report demonstrated that inhaled sodium cromoglycate is an effective treatment for ACE inhibitors' cough; this effect might be due to the suppression of afferent unmyelinated C-fibres. We tested the hypothesis that inhaled sodium cromoglycate might also be effective in lung cancer patients who presented with irritative neoplastic cough. Twenty non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients complaining of cough resistant to conventional treatment were randomised to receive, in a double-blind trial, either inhaled sodium cromoglycate or placebo. Patients recorded cough severity daily, before and during treatment, on a 0 to 4 scale. The efficacy of treatment was tested with the Mann-Whitney U-test for non-parametric measures, comparing the intergroup differences in the measures of summary of symptom scores calculated in each patient before and after treatment. We report that inhaled sodium cromoglycate can reduce cough, also in NSCLC patients and that such reduction, observed in all patients treated, is statistically significant (P < 0.001). Inhaled sodium cromoglycate appears to be a cost-effective and safe treatment for lung cancer-related cough.
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PMID:Inhaled sodium cromoglycate to treat cough in advanced lung cancer patients. 868 42

To clarify clinical significance of symptoms presented at the beginning of treatment, we analyzed the symptoms in 240 patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with definitive radiation therapy. Symptoms were classified into four groups: no symptom (Grade 0), cough, sputum/hemosputum and fever up (Grade 1), chest pain and breathlessness (Grade 2), appetite loss, body weight loss, SVC syndrome, hoarseness, and pain in the upper limb/shoulder (superior sulcus tumor) (Grade 3), and their therapeutic outcomes were examined. The 2- and 5-year overall actuarial survival rates for patients with squamous cell carcinoma were 38.5% and 15.4% for Grade 0, 40.5% and 20.1% for Grade 1, 17.9% and 2.6% for Grade 2, and 15.8% and 5.3% for Grade 3. A statistical difference was noted in survival between Grades 0-1 and Grades 2-3 (P < 0.01), but was not seen between Grades 0 and 1, or between Grades 2 and 3. As for patients with stage III disease alone, the difference in survival was still significant between Grades 0-1 and 2-3 (P < 0.05). In patients with adenocarcinoma/large cell carcinoma, however, no obvious relationship was found between symptoms and prognosis, except for body weight/appetite loss. In conclusion, though the symptoms closely related to clinical stage and performance status and not an independent prognostic factor, chest pain and breathlessness correlated with poor therapeutic outcome as well as body weight loss and T3-4 related symptoms, while cough, sputum (hemosputum), and fever were favorable symptoms in patients with squamous cell carcinoma who received definitive radiation therapy.
Lung Cancer 1995 Dec
PMID:Clinical implication of symptoms in patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with definitive radiation therapy. 871 67

A retrospective study was performed in patients diagnosed with primary lung cancer, and admitted to the Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias between 1984 to 1992. One thousand and nineteen patients were studied, 636 males and 383 females. We found a higher incidence in the group among 61-70 years of age in both sexes. The highest percentage of tumors were from the adenocarcinoma variety, followed by the epidermoid carcinoma, while the small-cell carcinoma presented a lower incidence. Smoking has been associated with the development of lung cancer. Many of our patients were smokers. The highest frequency was in smokers with a smoking habit of more than 30 years and a rate of more than 10 cigarettes per day. However, an important part of the patients with cancer did not have a smoking habit, which led us to believe that there are other etiological possibility factors (genetic or environmental) that could be involved. Most of the cases of cancer were staged as stage IIIb and stage IV and the patients had an ECOG of 1-2. The main symptoms were coughing, sputum, dyspnea and thoracic pain. This data shows an increasing frequency of lung cancer in Mexico city as well as other countries, it also shows that it is going to be a serious health problem in the future. We consider that in order to improve the prognosis, it is necessary to increase the educational and orientation campaigns among the adult population with or without a smoking history.
Lung Cancer 1996 Jun
PMID:Primary lung cancer in Mexico city: a report of 1019 cases. 879 2

In this study, a new tracheobronchial stent was used for treating a patient with tracheocarinal stenosis due to lung cancer. The patient was 41 year-old male with lung mass in the right upper lobe and metastatic mediastinal lymph node which caused tracheocarinal stenosis. The stent was introduced under general anesthesia with a jet ventilator. The respiratory condition of the patient could be controlled fairly well, and the ventilation tube didn't interfere with the stenting. The stent was a tracheobronchial silicone stent provided with a flexible posterior membrane and tracheal cartilage-shaped steel struts. Coughing is less difficult than other stents owing to better design. This patient has been able to cough up sputum from the day of the operation and there has been no need for bronchoscopic examination for removal of secretions.
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PMID:[Dynamic stent useful for trachocarinal stenosis due to lung cancer]. 891 Oct 57


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