Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Respiratory infections of 19 subjects of advanced age and/or with underlying respiratory disease were treated with cefoperazone (CPZ) and its clinical effects were studied. Sixteen subjects suffered from respiratory tract infection and 3 subjects had pneumonia. The age of the subjects ranged from 39 to 77 years with the mean of 63.8, 7 of them being more than 70 years of age. The underlying respiratory diseases included chronic pulmonary emphysema in 6 subjects, diffuse panbronchiolitis in 3, bronchiectasis in 3, silicosis in 2 and one each of chronic bronchitis, pulmonary fibrosis, lung cancer and old pulmonary tuberculosis. One case, 75 years of age, had renal insufficiency. The daily dose of CPZ was 4 grams in 18 of the 19 subjects and the duration of administration ranged 5 to 22 days. The remaining 1 subject received 2 g of CPZ daily for 6 days. Clinical effects were judged from the changes in fever, cough, amount of sputum, dyspnea, rales, cyanosis, chest X-ray, white blood cell counts, CRP, erythrocyte sedimentation rates and results of sputum culture. Clinical effects were good in 16 subjects, fair in 1, and poor in 2. Bacteriological follow-up was carried out in 13 subjects. Infecting bacteria were eliminated from 5 subjects, reduced in 2 and, in 4 subjects, they were replaced by other bacteria. In 1 subject, P. aeruginosa was isolated from sputum even after the treatment with CPZ, and in another subject H. influenzae relapsed immediately after the cessation of the CPZ treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Effects of cefoperazone on respiratory infections of patients of advanced age and/or with underlying respiratory diseases]. 373 62

A 59-year-old woman had suffered cough and sputum production for several months. Chest x-ray film findings were negative, but sputum cytology yielded a diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma. This stage Ia lung cancer in the right upper lobe bronchus was deemed inoperable due to poor cardiopulmonary function. She was treated by photodynamic therapy in February 1981, involving intravenous injection of hematoporphyrin derivative and fiberoptic endoscopically delivered argon dye laser light. She responded well to the treatment and the lesion disappeared within a week. At present, she is apparently disease-free more than five years after treatment. This is the first known report of five-year disease-free survival following treatment of a malignant lesion by PDT only.
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PMID:Five-year disease-free survival of a lung cancer patient treated only by photodynamic therapy. 376 83

Scalene node biopsy (SNB) has been performed in patients with lung cancer at the Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center if any of the following criteria has been present: (1) potentially resectable central lesion by chest radiograph, or (2) significant cardiac or pulmonary dysfunction, thereby placing the patient at increased risk for thoracotomy, or (3) a diagnosis of adenocarcinoma prior to SNB. Within these guidelines, a retrospective study was undertaken to determine the benefit of routine SNB in the absence of clinically palpable scalene nodes. In a 2-year period beginning April 1981, 56 patients (37 males) presented with radiographic evidence of lung carcinoma without clinical evidence of scalene adenopathy. Approximately half of the lesions were of a central position. While the majority had symptoms of cough, hemoptysis, or chest pain, the primary lung lesion was identified on routine chest radiograph in 15 (27%). In only three was there no history of smoking, the remainder having at least a 20-pack-year history of cigarette use. Following a routine evaluation, 57 SNBs were performed alone or in concert with other surgical procedures (mediastinoscopy, bronchoscopy). Of these, only two (3.5%) were diagnostic and indicative of unresectable disease. While in one patient no additional procedure was performed, a simultaneous Chamberlain procedure in the other confirmed that the patient was unresectable for cure. In the remaining patients, tissue diagnosis of cancer was obtained through other maneuvers. Because of the low probability that SNB in the absence of clinically palpable nodes altered the management of lung cancer, we do not believe it to be of benefit in the diagnosis or staging of this disease.
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PMID:Effectiveness of scalene node biopsy for staging of lung cancer in the absence of palpable adenopathy. 399 Mar 11

An evaluation of the clinical, radiological and cytohistological parameters of bronchogenic carcinoma was conducted using a sample of 25 male patients (40-80 years of age); 3 of the patients claimed they were not smokers; the rest were graded as mild/moderate/heavy smokers. The 'deep cough' method of repeated and meticulous cytologic examination of sputum samples was used to detect neoplasm. Respiratory symptoms (coughs with expectoration) were reported by 24 of the 25 cases. Bronchial biopsy in 19 cases confirmed malignancy of growth as diagnosed by bronchoscopy. Cytologic examination of sputum in 18 cases also confirmed malignant growth and illustrated the efficiency of exfoliative cytology over tissue histology. These findings support the close association between hukkah (Indian hubble bubble) smoking and lung cancer. Further research is needed however to better understand the role of hukkah smoking in the development of lung cancer.
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PMID:Bronchogenic carcinoma in Kashmir Valley. 478 Dec 66

From 1963-1974, 141 patients with lung cancer were treated with curative intent in the A. Maxwell Evans Clinic in Vancouver. The clinical presentation, age and sex distribution, histology, and reasons for surgery not being carried out are examined. The results of this treatment are presented. An attempt has been made to isolate a group of patients who have a better prognosis so that treatment selection can be improved. Hemoptysis, cough, dyspnea, and incidental finding on routine chest x-ray were the most common manner of presentation. Thirty-four percent of the patients were over 70 years of age and 13% were women. The crude overall three- and five-year survival rates were 18 and 10% (19 and 9% in the men, 17 and 14% in the women). Patients presenting with dyspnea had a better survival than those presenting with cough and hemoptysis. Patients with lesions less than 3 cm in diameter had a 28% three-year survival, compared with 14% for lesions greater than 5 cm in diameter. The three- and five-year survival rates in patients over 70 years of age were 23 and 17% respectively. The response to treatment and the survival was better in the patients with squamous cell carcinoma. Twenty-two percent were alive at three years and 12% at five years as compared with 9 and 5% for other histologies. Fifty-four percent of the 35 patients with a complete response and with squamous cell carcinoma were alive at three years, compared with only 8% of the 12 patients with other histologies who showed a complete response.
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PMID:The role of curative radiotherapy in the treatment of lung cancer. 624 73

Study on the mode of presentation among 3815 lung cancer patients showed that 3608 (75%) presented with respiratory symptoms and 953 (25%) with extrapulmonary symptoms. Of the respiratory symptoms, cough was the complaint in 1940 (51%), features of superior vena cava obstruction (SVO) in 451 (12%), hemoptysis in 332 (9%), and dyspnea in 139 (4%). Analysis of extrapulmonary symptoms showed 348 (9%) patients appeared with complaints of bone pain, 273 (7%) with pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO). 235 (6%) with enlarged cervical glands, 39 (1%) with hoarseness, 29 (0.76%) with arm pain, 14 (0.36%) with jaundice, and the remaining 15 (0.39%) patients, categorized as miscellaneous group, presented with heterogeneous symptoms. In our study, cough, SVO, hemoptysis, dyspnea, bone pain, enlarged cervical glands, and PUO were the commonest mode of presentation and significantly higher than earlier reports (P less than 0.001). Our results may be explained by patient and/or physician delay due poor awareness of high-risk symptoms of lung cancer.
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PMID:Pulmonary and extrapulmonary manifestations in delayed diagnosis of lung cancer in Bangladesh. 670 2

Twelve cases of interstitial pneumonitis were seen in 50 patients (24%) treated with cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and etoposide (VP-16-213) for small cell anaplastic lung cancer. The clinical course and pathologic characteristics were consistent with drug-induced pneumonitis in all 12 cases. One additional patient had concurrent histologic evidence of interstitial pneumonitis, pneumocystis infection, and perivascular metastases. Patients presented with severe dyspnea, hypoxemia, cough, fever, and bilateral interstitial infiltrates on chest films. The onset was rapid and unpredictable, following as little as one month or as much as five months of therapy. Nine patients recovered but there were three deaths in the acute period directly attributable to the drug-induced pneumonitis. Although the use of twice weekly oral methotrexate may have been a causative factor, a previously unsuspected drug interaction with etoposide may be the etiologic factor resulting in this unusually high incidence of pulmonary toxicity. The difficulty in establishing a diagnosis of interstitial pneumonitis in this group of patients with chronic lung disease and lung cancer is well known. The extent of morbidity and mortality seen in this study and the commercial availability of etoposide make earlier clinical recognition of this complication imperative.
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PMID:Chemotherapy-induced interstitial pneumonitis during treatment of small cell anaplastic lung cancer. 672 94

Ten-year results are reported from a randomised controlled trial of anti-smoking advice in 1445 male smokers, aged 40-59, at high risk of cardiorespiratory disease. After one year reported cigarette consumption in the intervention group (714 men) was one-quarter that of the "normal care" group (731 men); over 10 years the net reported reduction averaged 53%. The intervention group experienced less nasal obstruction, cough, dyspnoea, and loss of ventilatory function. Over 10 years their mortality from coronary heart disease was 18% lower than controls (49 and 62 deaths), and that for lung cancer was 23% lower (18 and 24 deaths). Deaths from non-lung cancers were higher in the intervention group (28 v 12 deaths). This unexpected difference was due about equally to an excess in intervention and a deficiency in normal care men, it showed no site specificity, and it was unrelated to change in smoking habit. These findings suggest that it is more likely to have been due to change than to intervention. The total number of deaths were 123 in the intervention group and 128 in normal care (95% confidence limits of difference -22% to +23%). The policy of encouraging smokers to give up the habit should not be changed.
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PMID:A randomised controlled trial of anti-smoking advice: 10-year results. 711 52

The author reports the observations over 190 patients referred to the Tuberculosis Institute for the present or suspected pulmonary tuberculosis of the lower lobe localization. In 47 (24.7%) of the patients the diagnosis of tuberculosis was rejected and lung cancer was diagnosed, central--in 5 of them, peripheral--in 42. Clinical manifestations in patients with tuberculosis and cancer were similar, weakness, cough, poor appetite being predominent; however, in cancer patients these were more frequently observed and more manifest with a tendency to aggravation and showing no response to tuberculostatic drugs. In 26.6% of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and in 21.3% of lung cancer patients clinical manifestations of the disease were either entirely absent or insignificantly pronounced.
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PMID:[Differential diagnosis of inferior lobe tuberculosis and malignant lung tumors]. 735 92

The effects of cigarette smoking and other factors on the accuracy of clinical diagnosis of bronchogenic carcinoma were studied retrospectively in 14,074 autopsies performed over 26 years (1948-1973) at University Hospitals of Cleveland. Within a selected study group of 415 cases diagnosed as bronchogenic carcinoma either clinically, at atuopsy, or both, the disease was diagnosed accurately in 260 cases (63%), overdiagnosed in 38 cases (9%), and underdiagnosed in 117 cases (28%). Misdiagnoses occurred in female patients nearly twice as frequently as in male patients. Elderly men were over- and underdiagnosed more frequently than were young men. An accurate diagnosis of this neoplasm was strongly associated with a histroy of smoking and was also related to the number of hospital admissions, the diagnostic procedures used, and surveillance bias associated with a history of smoking or coughing. In 88% of the misdiagnosed cases, the tumor was either simulated or masked by other diseases. It is estimated from these data that the rate of unavoidable clinical misdiagnosis of the disease is 32% and the true error (overt misjudgment) in clinical diagnosis, 5%. Previous estimates of causal association between smoking and lung cancer would not be affected by the findings of this study.
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PMID:Misdiagnosis of bronchogenic carcinoma: the role of cigarette smoking, surveillance bias, and other factors. 738 60


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