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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pulmonary blastoma (PB) is an uncommon primary lung malignancy. This neoplasm was first described by Barrett and Barnard in 1945. The tumor is composed of immature epithelial and mesenchymal tissues which may recapitulate early embryological lung development. Under the microscope, the globular component resembles immature bronchus and connective tissue as seen in embryonic lung. More than one hundred cases have been reported in the literature. PB is more frequent in older people and in males and tends to affect blacks at younger ages. Symptomatology varies from asymptomatic to symptoms of a non-specific pulmonary disease. Cough, hemoptysis, dyspnea, chest pain, respiratory distress, fever, anorexia and weight loss are the most common presenting features. The most common roentgenologic pattern is a well-demarcated peripheral lesion, encapsulated by compression or atelectatic lung tissue, although in some cases there is a tendency to lobulation and cavitation. The size of the mass varies from a small peripheral nodule to a mass occupying the entire lobe or hemithorax. The treatment of choice has been surgical excision, radiation and, in selected cases, a combination of chemotherapy with radiation. The prognosis of this malignancy is poor; overall five-year survival is approximately 16 percent. No correlation has been established between histopathologic criteria and survival. The factors that indicate poor prognosis are tumor recurrence, metastasis at initial presentation, tumor size over 5 cm and lymph node metastasis. Liver, central nervous system and bones are the most frequent location of distant metastases. A rare case is presented of a pulmonary blastoma with an upper lip metastasis occurring in a paraplegic male. Diagnosis was confirmed by autopsy findings.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Pulmonary blastoma presenting as a solitary lip metastasis: case report and review of the literature. 755 26

Pulmonary blastoma is a rare neoplasm, accounting for 0.5 per cent of all primary malignant pulmonary tumors. The clinical features, radiologic findings, and management of five children with pulmonary blastoma are described. The female/male ratio was 4:1. Mean age at presentation was 34 months, with a mean duration of symptoms of 1.8 months. Fever and cough were the most common symptoms. Opacification of the right lung field with mediastinal shift to the left was the predominant roentgenologic feature. The tumor involved the right chest in all patients. Thoracotomy was performed in all patients to establish the diagnosis. Two patients underwent complete resection at the initial operation, an incomplete resection was performed in one patient. Delayed complete resection was performed in another patient. All the patients received combination chemotherapy and one patient also received radiotherapy for primary disease. Two patients with histologic and immunohistochemical evidence of striated muscle differentiation were treated as rhabdomyosarcomas. Both these patients have survived for 24 and 67 months after diagnosis. The tumor recurred in three patients. Recurrence was treated with a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Overall disease-free survival rate was 40 per cent. Long-term follow-up and additional patients are required to provide prognostic information.
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PMID:Management of pulmonary blastoma in children. 847 59

Pulmonary blastoma is a rare and aggressive malignant tumor that affects children and adults. Recently a 3-year-old boy with a 2-year history of bilateral unilocular pulmonary cysts was transferred for evaluation of a cough and high spiking fever. A chest radiogram showed left pulmonary consolidation with pleural effusion, but thoracentesis was unsuccessful. Computerized tomography (CT) was suggestive of a pulmonary abscess, but CT-guided drainage did not yield any purulent fluid. Percutaneous biopsies were performed, and the cytology showed malignant cells. During thoracotomy, a large tumor involving the left lower lobe and pleural space was found, and a biopsy was performed. A frozen section showed blastemal and mesenchymal components devoid of neoplastic epithelium, consistent with the pleural variant of pulmonary blastoma. A left lower lobectomy, with tumor decortication of the pleural space, achieved total gross tumor removal. The child received aggressive multiagent chemotherapy, and midway through it he underwent elective excision of the opposite lung cyst. It has been 17 months since the lobectomy; he is off chemotherapy and has no evidence of disease. A review of the literature showed that a large number of pediatric pulmonary blastomas are associated with cystic lung disease. Because total tumor removal offers the only chance of a good long-term outcome, surgical excision or close follow-up of pulmonary cysts in children is strongly recommended.
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PMID:Childhood pleuropulmonary blastoma: caution against nonoperative management of congenital lung cysts. 863 76

A 78-year-old woman who had been in a local hospital with a complaint of cough and chest pain was referred to our hospital because a mass 12 cm in size was found in her right lung by a chest X-ray and CT. Within 3 weeks, the tumor rapidly developed to 19 cm in size. Malignant schwannoma of the lung was suspected by a percutaneus lung biopsy and the right upper and middle lobectomy was performed. Histological analysis of the tumor showed a biphasic structure with epithelial and mesenchymal component which was diagnosed pulmonary blastoma. Pulmonary blastoma is very rare, but it may be of benefit for the thoracic surgeon to establish methods of diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
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PMID:[A case of rapidly grown pulmonary blastoma]. 884 57

Pulmonary blastoma is a rare tumor of the lung consisting of immature mesenchyma and epithelial structures that can mimic the structure of the embryonic lung. In this article, we report a case of pulmonary blastoma occurred in an adult individual. We review the literature concerning this rare neoplasm that includes less than one hundred cases reported. We also describe the pathologic features of this disease which is microscopically divided in two classes: 1) lesions composed solely of malignant gland of embryonic appearance (WDFA: Well-Differentiated Fetal Adenocarcinomas), and 2) lesions with biphasic appearance, containing both neoplastic glands and either adult sarcomatous or embryonic mesenchyme. The adult pulmonary blastomas are considered as an entity distinct from childhood blastomas. This condition may be frequently asymptomatic; if symptomatic, it show the same clinical picture of a mass in the lung impinging on bronchi or pleura; the most usual symptoms include cough, hemoptysis, and chest pain. Chest radiography typically shows a peripheral or central lung opacity without preference for any lobe. The prognosis is poor, due to the high incidence of metastasis. Histologic class and clinical findings can be of prognostic value in pulmonary blastoma. We believe that an early diagnosis is essential: in our case, this allowed a complete resection of the tumor and the patient is still alive without recurrence 3 years after the surgical treatment.
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PMID:[Pulmonary blastoma in adults]. 932 72

Pulmonary blastoma (PB) is a rare malignant pulmonary tumor composed of immature mesenchyme and/or epithelium that resembles an embryonic lung at 10-16 weeks gestation. PBs constitute only 0.25 to 0.5 percent of all primary malignant lung tumors. Approximately 20 percent of the reported cases have occurred in pediatric patients. A seven-year-old girl presented with fever, cough, respiratory distress and chest pain on the left side. An x-ray, ultrasonography and a computed tomographic scan of the chest showed a large mass consisting of solid and cystic components almost completely occupying the left hemithorax associated with pleural effusion. The diagnosis of biphasic PB was established by histological examination of thoracotomy material. The patient was considered inoperable due to tumor involvement of the mediastinum, and she died two days after the initiation of chemotherapy. We report this case of PB to raise attention to the clinical, radiological and pathological features of PB in childhood because of its rarity.
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PMID:Biphasic pulmonary blastoma in a child. 1110 32

Pulmonary blastoma is a rare malignant lung tumor with a poor prognosis. It is composed of immature mesenchymal and epithelial components that resemble fetal lung tissue. We aimed to share our treatment results in biphasic pulmonary blastoma. In Ataturk Chest Disease and Thoracic Surgery Center, five patients with biphasic pulmonary blastoma (four men, one woman, aged between 27 and 61-mean 39.4) were treated between 1987 and 2000 (0.3% of operated NSCC). Hemoptysis, cough, chest pain and dyspnea were the symptoms. Anemia and high erythrocyte sedimentation rate were determined in two patients. Radiological examinations revealed a mass in four patients and massive pleural effusion in one. None of the patients were diagnosed preoperatively and hence all patients underwent exploratory thoracotomy. Three lobectomy, one pneumonectomy and one wedge resection were performed. Histopathological examinations revealed biphasic pulmonary blastoma in all the patients. Pathological stagings were as follows: 1 patient in T1N0M0 and 1 patient in T2N0M0 (198 and 112 months survival, respectively), three patients in T2N1M0 (9,10,17 months survival). In follow up period, prostate carcinoma and rectum carcinoma were detected as second primary tumors in the patient in stage T2N0M0. In patients who have small size tumors without nodal involvement, long-term survival can be obtained with radical surgery; even in biphasic pulmonary blastomas. According to our limited experiences, N1 nodal involvement shows very poor prognosis.
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PMID:Survival of biphasic pulmonary blastoma. 1633 33

Pulmonary blastoma is a rare but aggressive malignancy of the lung comprising epithelial and mesenchymal elements that resemble fetal lung tissue. This report described a case of an 18-year-old male who presented with cough and weight loss for a month. Computed tomography (CT) of the thorax revealed a large mass with mixed solid and cystic lesions on the right side of chest along with pleural effusion and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Massive debulking was performed followed by chemotherapy. A biphasic pulmonary blastoma was diagnosed on histopathology.
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PMID:Pulmonary blastoma in a young adult. 2300 28

Pulmonary blastoma is an uncommon lung malignancy, usually presenting itself as a large chest mass causing pain, hemoptysis, cough and dyspnea; however, it is asymptomatic in up to 40% of patients. We present the case and suggestive images of a 37-year-old non-smoking lady with a monophasic pulmonary blastoma located in the lower lobe of the left lung who underwent a left posterolateral thoracotomy with lower lobectomy, hilar and mediastinal node dissection, followed by chemo and radiation therapy. After 36 mo, there is no disease progression and the patient is in good health, clinically stable and without significant chest pain.
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PMID:Adult pulmonary blastoma: Report of an unusual malignant lung tumor. 2549 48

Pulmonary blastoma is a rare tumor which has been mainly reported in children. It accounts for 0.25-0.5% of all pulmonary tumors, with a very serious prognosis. Histologically, it is a tumor composed of two components: an epithelial component and a mesenchymal component. Clinically, it usually manifests as chest pain, cough, hemoptysis and dyspnea, but it is asymptomatic in approximately 40% of cases. We report the case of a 25 year old woman, with no previous medical history, who complained of dyspnoea, cough and left basithoracic pain. Radiological evaluation showed large basithoracic mass in the left lung. A biopsy was performed which only showed necrotic material. The surgical specimen was largely necrotic. The viable tissue was examined with the miroscope which showed biphasic pattern composed of malignant epithelial tissue associated with malignant mesenchymal tissue, typical of biphasic pneumoblastoma. The patient underwent chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Follow-up examination showed a recurrence, thus the patient underwent second line chemotherapy.
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PMID:[Pneumoblastoma in adults: a new case report and literature review]. 2961 Jun 36


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