Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 65 year old woman with a history of occupational talc inhalation presented with hypoxaemia, cough, and dyspnoea with a normal chest radiograph. Bronchoalveolar lavage showed considerable lymphocytosis, with a predominance of T8+ T lymphocytes, and open lung biopsy showed peribronchiolar granulomas containing talc crystals. Corticosteroid treatment resulted in dramatic improvement. Bronchoalveolar lavage may aid in the diagnosis of talc related lung injury.
Thorax 1988 Dec
PMID:Bronchoalveolar lavage in talc induced lung disease. 323 33

The manner in which a cigarette is smoked varies considerably between individuals and may be an important determinant of the altered bronchial reactivity observed in cigarette smokers. Twenty smokers were examined to determine the relationship between cigarette smoke inhalation patterns and bronchial reactivity. Inhalation patterns were measured non-invasively with a respiratory inductive plethysmograph and these were related to the provocative concentration of histamine that caused a 20% fall in FEV1 (PC20) and to the cough threshold for inhaled citric acid. Histamine PC20 values were inversely correlated with depth and rate of inhalation. Cough threshold was inversely correlated with greater cigarette consumption and with depth of inhalation.
Thorax 1988 Jan
PMID:Cigarette smoke inhalation patterns and bronchial reactivity. 335 77

Perceived nasal and bronchial hyperresponsiveness to tobacco smoke and cold air were assessed in 912 working men in the Paris area. Baseline lung function measurements and peripheral leucocyte counts with standard differential counts were performed. At least one perceived nasal or bronchial hyperresponsiveness symptom was reported by 15.7%. Current smoking was significantly less frequent among those with cough induced by tobacco smoke. Rhinitis induced by cold air was associated with lower FEV1 (p less than 0.01) and the association remained after adjustment for smoking, asthma, and wheezing (p = 0.06). Symptoms induced by cold air were related to circulating basophils. Neither perceived nasal nor perceived bronchial hyperresponsiveness was significantly related to the airway response to methacholine in a sample of the group (n = 324) surveyed again five years later. The result suggest that the symptom of rhinitis provoked by cold air is a possible "new" risk factor or marker for chronic airflow limitation.
Thorax 1988 Jun
PMID:Relation of perceived nasal and bronchial hyperresponsiveness to FEV1, basophil counts, and methacholine response. 342 May 56

Parents of children with cystic fibrosis have been reported to have a high prevalence of increased airway reactivity, but these studies were done in a select young, healthy, symptomless population. In the present study respiratory symptoms were examined in 315 unselected parents of children with cystic fibrosis and 162 parents of children with congenital heart disease (controls). The cardinal symptom of airway reactivity, wheezing, was somewhat more prevalent in cystic fibrosis parents than in controls, but for most subgroups this increased prevalence did not reach statistical significance. Among those who had never smoked, 38% of obligate heterozygotes for cystic fibrosis but only 25% of the controls reported wheezing (p less than 0.05). The cystic fibrosis parents who had never smoked but reported wheezing had lower FEV1 and FEF25-75, expressed as a percentage of the predicted value, than control parents; and an appreciable portion of the variance in pulmonary function was contributed by the interaction of heterozygosity for cystic fibrosis with wheezing. For cystic fibrosis parents, but not controls, the complaint of wheezing significantly contributed to the prediction of pulmonary function (FEV1 and FEF25-75). In addition, parents of children with cystic fibrosis reported having lung disease before the age of 16 more than twice as frequently as control parents. Other respiratory complaints, including dyspnoea, cough, bronchitis, and hay fever, were as common in controls as in cystic fibrosis heterozygotes. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that heterozygosity for cystic fibrosis is associated with increased airway reactivity and its symptoms, and that the cystic fibrosis heterozygotes who manifest airway reactivity and its symptoms may be at risk for poor pulmonary function.
Thorax 1987 Feb
PMID:Pulmonary abnormalities in obligate heterozygotes for cystic fibrosis. 343 35

Tracheobronchial clearance was measured by a radioaerosol technique in 12 patients with bronchiectasis, seven patients with chronic obstructive lung disease expectorating mucoid sputum daily (group X), eight patients with chronic obstructive lung disease but negligible sputum expectoration (group Y), and 10 healthy subjects. The patients with bronchiectasis all expectorated purulent sputum daily (mean wet weight 47 g/day), had reduced forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) (mean 47.5% predicted), and were unable to avoid coughing during the six hour observation period. None of the patients with bronchiectasis or the healthy subjects were current smokers. There were five current smokers in group X and six in group Y. The mean FEV1 in group X was 41% predicted and in group Y 52% predicted, both values similar to that of the patients with bronchiectasis. Tracheobronchial clearance in the first six hours after inhalation of radioaerosol was significantly (p less than 0.01) slower in patients with bronchiectasis than in matched healthy subjects despite more proximal deposition of radioaerosol (p = 0.01) and more coughing (p less than 0.01) in the former. Tracheobronchial clearance in patients with bronchiectasis was impaired to a similar degree to that in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease but no bronchiectasis.
Thorax 1987 Feb
PMID:Impaired tracheobronchial clearance in bronchiectasis. 343 36

Little is known about airway responsiveness in infancy. The bronchial response to incremental doses of nebulised histamine (to a maximum dose of 8 g/l) was measured in 11 wheezy infants with a mean age of 8.7 months. The study was repeated after a 30-40 minute recovery period in seven infants and again on a separate day in 10. The index of response was the provoking concentration of histamine that produced a 30% fall in the maximum expiratory flow at functional residual capacity (PC30), taken from partial forced expiratory flow-volume curves produced in a pressure jacket. Nine of 11 infants had a PC30 of less than 8 g/l. The response was consistent between tests in both the nine responders and the two who failed to respond at 8 g/l. The PC30 was lower in infants with more severe baseline airway obstruction. Spontaneous recovery after challenge was complete in 30 minutes in seven of eight infants studied. The highest doses of histamine caused changes in the configuration of the flow-volume curves and symptomatic cough and wheeze in addition to a change in forced flow rates. This study provides clear evidence of intrathoracic airway responsiveness to histamine in infancy.
Thorax 1987 Feb
PMID:Bronchial responsiveness to histamine in wheezy infants. 343 46

Twenty eight patients with chronic asthma took part in a double blind single crossover controlled trial of inhaled budesonide and inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate, using high doses of 1600 micrograms and 1500 micrograms daily respectively. Both drugs were administered by pressurised aerosol inhaler; the inhaler containing budesonide and its matching placebo were fitted with a collapsible spacer device. There was no significant difference in the control of asthma during the two six week treatment periods. There was no significant difference in FEV1 and forced vital capacity after four and six weeks of treatment or in mean morning and evening peak expiratory flow rates for the last 21 days of treatment. There was a small but statistically significant reduction in the daytime wheeze score while they were taking high dose budesonide but there was no difference for daytime activity, cough, and night symptoms. The mean basal cortisol concentrations were significantly lower after six weeks of high dose treatment than before treatment (budesonide p less than 0.01, beclomethasone p less than 0.05). There was no difference between mean basal cortisol values after six weeks of high dose treatment, and there was no effect on the rise of cortisol obtained after a short tetracosactrin test. High dose inhaled corticosteroids produced few side effects and were well tolerated.
Thorax 1986 Nov
PMID:Comparison of two high dose corticosteroid aerosol treatments, beclomethasone dipropionate (1500 micrograms/day) and budesonide (1600 micrograms/day), for chronic asthma. 354 57

An acute febrile illness associated with unloading silos occurs more frequently than any other farm associated respiratory illness in mid state New York. This report describes 29 cases of organic dust toxic syndrome (also known as pulmonary mycotoxicosis) occurring in 24 men and one woman with a mean age of 29 years. In 16 instances more than one worker was exposed to the dust, and in 12 of these shared exposures more than one worker became ill. Patients presented 5.3 (SD 3.3) hours after inhalation of organic dust and mould with fever (79%), myalgia (76%), chest tightness (72%), cough (66%), and headache (59%). The mean temperature was 38.7 degrees C and the mean white blood cell count 13.2 X 10(9)/l. In contrast to patients with allergic alveolitis, nearly all these patients had normal breath sounds, chest radiographs, and arterial oxygen saturation. Tests for precipitating antibodies to farmer's lung disease antigens gave negative results in all 26 episodes in which they were done; of these, 10 had no evidence of precipitating antibodies to an aqueous extract of the silage associated with their own illness. Organic dust toxic syndrome appears to be a common and substantial respiratory hazard to young farm workers. Despite being frequently mis-diagnosed as farmer's lung, organic dust toxic syndrome is clearly a distinctly different disease process.
Thorax 1986 Dec
PMID:Organic dust toxicity (pulmonary mycotoxicosis) associated with silo unloading. 359 53

Two cases of pulmonary mycotoxicosis (organic dust toxic syndrome) are described in which bronchoalveolar lavage was undertaken during the acute phase and after recovery. Both cases occurred after exposure to mould dust in a silo in the course of removing the top mouldy layer of silage or oats at the start of unloading. The workers suffered an acute febrile illness accompanied by cough and dyspnoea. One patient had impaired ventilatory function and both had arterial desaturation in the acute phase. There was mild impairment of diffusing capacity (transfer factor). Bronchoscopy showed inflammation of the bronchial mucosa in one patient. Fungal spores were cultured from the lavage fluid in both patients. In both patients there was an increase in the percentage of neutrophils in the lavage fluid without increase in lymphocytes. The immunoglobulin concentration in the lavage fluid was normal. At the follow up lavage the neutrophils had returned to normal while a mild lymphocytosis of the lavage fluid was seen in both patients.
Thorax 1986 Dec
PMID:Bronchoalveolar lavage in pulmonary mycotoxicosis (organic dust toxic syndrome). 359 54

With the help of information provided by the Office of Population, Censuses and Surveys the survival up to 1 July 1985 of the 171 patients treated for pulmonary tuberculosis by thoracoplasty at Papworth from 1951 to 1953 was determined. Thirteen (8%) could not be traced, 65 (38%) had died, and 93 (54%) were alive. For those who were traced the survival at 10, 20, and 30 years from the date of operation was 93%, 79%, and 65%. This represents a significantly greater mortality rate than that predicted from the Registrar General's review of deaths in England and Wales (1841-1984). Nineteen patients died from cardiorespiratory failure. Eight of the survivors are known to have developed respiratory failure, five having enjoyed apparently good health before this was precipitated by intercurrent illness or drugs. A stepwise logistic regression analysis using information from the 124 patients for whom full details were available showed significant associations between the development of cardiorespiratory or respiratory failure and a preoperative contralateral artificial pneumothorax, older age at operation, the presence of cavities before operation, and male sex. In a questionnaire 50 of the survivors (57% of those who replied) reported cough, 45 (51%) breathlessness, 41 (47%) wheeze, and 24 (27%) ankle swelling. Nineteen (22%) smoke and the same number now attend a chest clinic. Many patients treated for tuberculosis by thoracoplasty have respiratory symptoms and some are at risk of respiratory failure. There are grounds for considering that they should be reviewed periodically by a chest physician.
Thorax 1987 Jun
PMID:Late sequelae of pulmonary tuberculosis treated by thoracoplasty. 366 Mar 3


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