Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The larynx may be involved in patients with systemic sarcoidosis or may be the first or only manifestation of the disease. The symptoms depend on the degree of involvement of the larynx, and include a sensation of lump in the throat, dysphagia, hoarseness, cough, stridor and dyspnea. The supraglottis is the most frequently affected area. There are pale pink, edematous, diffuse hypertrophy of the supraglottic structures or granular areas of the glottic and subglottic region. The diagnosis is made by the characteristic appearance of the larynx, histologic and laboratory findings and exclusion of other granulomatous diseases. Laryngeal sarcoidosis may cause life-threatening upper airway obstruction. Systemic corticosteroid therapy is the treatment of choice in most cases, but surgical excision or local steroid injections are useful in selected cases.
 ...
PMID:[Diagnosis and therapy of laryngeal sarcoidosis]. 399 72

A music medicine practice affords a unique opportunity to diagnose and treat laryngeal music performers. Strobovideolaryngoscopic (SVL) and external video examination of the voice professional or brass instrument player may focus on the vocal folds, yet abnormalities of the supraglottis, neck, and thorax should be appreciated and documented. Laryngoceles are uncommon laryngeal disorders but may occur in up to 5% of benign laryngeal lesions. While many laryngoceles are asymptomatic, they may cause a cough, hoarseness, stridor, sore throat, pain, snoring, or globus sensation. In particular, musicians who play brass instruments are at high risk for laryngocele development. We highlight two patients with symptomatic laryngoceles to present anatomical, historical, classification, epidemiological, diagnostic, and management considerations.
 ...
PMID:Bilateral mixed laryngoceles: simultaneous strobovideolaryngoscopy and external video examination. 1215 Mar 78

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem chronic granulomatous disease of unknown cause that typically affects patients between 20 and 40 years of age. Laryngeal involvement most frequently involves the supraglottis and presents with dyspnea. We present a retrospective review of 4 patients with previously undiagnosed sarcoidosis who presented with atypical signs and symptoms of sarcoidosis: dysphonia with isolated vocal fold involvement; cough and globus pharyngeus; pediatric sarcoidosis; and severe bilateral vocal fold paresis and dysphagia. Our aim is to highlight disparate presentations of laryngeal sarcoidosis, as well as the treatment options. Laryngeal sarcoidosis may present with atypical signs and symptoms and occasionally presents in pediatric patients. A high degree of suspicion is necessary for a correct diagnosis in these patients. Early diagnosis and proper management of laryngeal sarcoidosis is important, as the symptoms are debilitating and possibly life-threatening. Treatment may consist of local and systemic chemotherapy, and adjunctive procedures.
 ...
PMID:Atypical and disparate presentations of laryngeal sarcoidosis. 2104 51

Cancers of the larynx account for approximately 12,000 new cancer cases per year in the United States. The most common risk factors are tobacco and alcohol use, but human papillomavirus (HPV) has been identified in 26.6% of laryngeal cancers. Symptoms develop as the tumor infiltrates the vocal cords and/or surrounding structures, and patients commonly present with hoarseness or cough. Histologically, the vast majority of tumors are squamous cell carcinomas, which, for staging purposes, are categorized by subsite. These develop most often from the glottis, followed by the supraglottis and subglottis. Survival rates for early- and late-stage disease range from 56% to 93% and 29% to 56%, respectively. Unlike with other head and neck cancers, the prognostic significance of HPV-related laryngeal cancer is unclear. Advances in organ-preserving surgical techniques allow patients to maintain physiologic functions without compromising survival rates, especially for early-stage disease. Patients requiring more intensive treatment, including total laryngectomy and chemoradiation, will experience significant morbidity and lifestyle changes. The ability to communicate using a voice prosthesis is of primary importance, and the prosthesis must be tailored to each patient's needs and preferences. For patients with metastatic or nonresectable disease, palliative care should be considered.
...
PMID:Aerodigestive cancers: laryngeal cancer. 2519 84

Mucosal neuromas of the larynx in the setting of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B (MEN-2B) are extremely rare; to the best of our knowledge, only 2 other cases have been previously reported in the world literature. We describe a new case, which occurred in a 30-year old woman who presented with dysphagia, dysphonia, and cough. On examination, she was found to have multiple laryngeal mucosal neuromas throughout the glottis and supraglottis. She underwent surgical resection of these lesions with resolution of her symptoms.
...
PMID:Laryngeal neuromas in a case of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B. 2653 26

Laryngeal paragangliomas are rare lesions originating from paraganglion cells within the supraglottis or subglottis. As per the latest review, only 76 such cases have been reported in the literature. Symptoms typically include dysphonia or dysphagia. We present, to the best of our knowledge, the first known case of laryngeal paraganglioma with chronic cough as the primary complaint. A 77-year-old male presented with chronic cough. Flexible laryngoscopy revealed a supraglottic submucosal mass emanating from the region of the right false vocal cord and aryepiglottic fold. Postcontrast computed tomography scan showed a well-defined intensely enhancing mass arising from the right paraglottic space and bulging into the right pyriform sinus. Biopsies and immunohistochemical markers supported the diagnosis of paraganglioma. A complete submucosal excision of the mass via a right transcervical approach with tracheostomy was performed. Postoperatively, the patient's cough resolved. Laryngeal paragangliomas are rare tumors that are known to present with dysphonia or dysphagia. This is the first case report of a patient presenting with chronic cough as the primary complaint.
 ...
PMID:Laryngeal Paraganglioma with Chronic Cough: A Case Report. 3070 Nov 20