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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of this multicenter, prospective randomized trial was to compare the efficacy and safety of cefuroxime-axetil and amoxycillin/clavulanic acid for the treatment of infectious bronchitis in the elderly patient. Between January and April 1989, 157 out patients aged 60 years or more and presenting with infectious bronchitis were treated with either cefuroxime-axetil (250 mg bid), or the association amoxycillin/clavulanic acid (500 mg/125 mg bid). The two treatment groups were comparable at the time of inclusion; the mean age was 70 years, 82% of the patients were febrile, 75% presented purulent expectoration, 24% had a history of chronic bronchitis and 19% received symptomatic treatment was NSAIDs. The mean duration of treatment was 9 days. Clinical efficacy was assessed by the investigators. While fever and cough resolved similarly in the two groups, statistically fewer patients presented persistent purulent expectoration in the cefuroxime-axetil treatment group than in the group receiving amoxycillin/clavulanic acid (2% and 13%, respectively, p = 0.03). The proportion of patients who reported at least one side-effect was 3.6% in the cefuroxime-axetil treatment group against 21.6% of those who received the association (p = 0.006).
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PMID:[Ambulatory treatment with cefuroxime-axetil of infectious bronchitis in patients sixty years of age or older: comparative study of the combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid]. 220 Sep 95

A total of 1,566 children the area of Valencia (Spain), of both sexes and aged 7 to 14 received an epidemiological questionnaire recommended by the American Thoracic Society. Antecedents of asthma were recorded in 79 cases (5%), with a predominance among males; 73.3% of these children presented their first crisis before age three. Eighty-seven children were habitual smokers (5.6%), again with a predominance among males-most of these children being between 13 and 14 years old. A family history of smoking was observed in 82.8% of the children who were habitual smokers. A greater predominance of smoking mothers was observed at higher socio-economical levels--with no significant differences between parents. The incidence of respiratory pathology (cough and antecedents of bronchitis) was higher among children whose mothers (or both parents) were smokers. On comparing the two areas of the city with the greatest difference in air pollution level, no significant differences were observed in respiratory morbidity among the child population.
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PMID:[Epidemiologic study of risk factors associated with the development of respiratory pathology in children]. 220 36

A 49 year-old Japanese female with a clinical history of rheumatoid arthritis for 15 years developed fever, cough, sputa and exertional dyspnea. A chest x-ray showed right-sided pleural lesions in addition to persistent hyperinflation of the lungs for about four years. Pulmonary function tests showed combined obstructive and restrictive dysfunction, increased residual volume and reduced diffusing capacity. After an improvement of the pleural lesions, she underwent a right open lung biopsy in December 1988 which revealed follicular bronchiolitis and fibrino-fibrous pleural thickening. The pulmonary lesion of follicular bronchitis/bronchiolitis was reported in 1985 as a newly recognized pulmonary disorder among open lung biopsy cases. The present case was the second biopsy proven case of follicular bronchiolitis among the Japanese.
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PMID:[An open lung biopsy case of follicular bronchiolitis in rheumatoid arthritis]. 221 31

The incidence rate and the clinical significance of inborn abnormalities of respiratory organs frequently are still underrated. In the clinic for paediatrics of the Medical Academy of Dresden malformations of respiratory organs, situated below the larynx, were demonstrated in 18 per cent of patients who had been referred hither in the course of 20 years for bronchopulmonary diagnostics. The clinical symptoms are very different and often uncharacteristic. Not seldom malformations of that kind first of all remain silent till a superinfection or a striking roentgenogram will arise the suspicion on a malformation. Following symptoms may refer to: permanent or intermitting stridor in the stenoses of the large respiratory tract (trachea and main bronchi), that is diagnosed as the most frequent anomaly. In nearly 80 per cent of the patients suffering from stenoses of a main bronchus symptoms of a recurrent or chronically obstructive bronchitis stood in the foreground. Mostly a tachy- and a dyspnoe are the leading symptoms in case of a connatal lobar emphysema, the most frequent anmaly of the pulmonary parenchyma followed by the pulmonary hypolasia and -agenesis. Chronic or relapsing pneumonias respectively a persisting cough may appear as symptoms in pulmonary sequestrations and in isolated anomalies of the bronchial aborization that otherwise in the majority of the cases will rest clinically mute. The long-term prognosis for children suffering from stenoses in the main bronchis is compared with those of tracheal stenoses relatively satisfactory.
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PMID:[Clinical significance of the most important abnormalities of respiratory organs]. 221 21

The authors followed up the health of 322 elementary-school pupils at Sabac who were exposed to increased air pollution with chemical agents (ammonia, fluor hydrogen, chloracetic acid, sulfur dioxide, soot). The mean annual concentration of these gases were above or insignificantly under maximally permitted values. The results of the examination were as follows: recurrent cough in 12.4 per cent of cases and clinical signs of chronic or obstructive bronchitis in 8.4 per cent of children. Values of vital capacity were under normal in 27.6 per cent of cases and almost in the half of children vital capacity was at the lower normal limit. FEV1/FVC was under normal in 15 per cent of cases and at the lower normal limit in about 18.6 per cent of children. In spite of a great number of children with positive cutaneous tests to inhalation allergens with Prick's method IgE was within normal limits in these children. Thus, a significant noxious effect of allergic components on respiratory organs should be excluded. This was also confirmed by spirometric measurements of the two subsequent maximal expiriums when differences of +/- 3% were registered. However, in children with allergic bronchitis the value dispersion was by 2-3 times greater. Consequently, the authors concluded that damaged respiratory organs in children at Sabac appeared in a greater number of cases than in other places and that these damages were due to increased concentrations of different chemical air pollution agents.
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PMID:[The status of the respiratory organs in students in Sabac exposed to increased air pollution]. 221 27

A survey was conducted among 800 Dutch general practitioners to establish their views on the diagnosis and treatment of bronchitis and related disorders with reference to 12 theoretical patients. The answers of the 467 respondents (response rate 60%) showed no clear relationship between signs and symptoms of the patients and the diagnosis made. In the authors' opinion the diagnosis of pneumonia was made too often. The decision whether or not to prescribe an antibiotic for a coughing patient was based in part on the diagnosis made, but in part it was also made on the basis of the signs and symptoms, irrespective of the diagnosis. The authors have the impression that general practitioners tend to prescribe antibiotics too quickly to coughing patients. There is a need for guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of patients with acute bronchitis and related conditions.
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PMID:Acute bronchitis: general practitioners' views regarding diagnosis and treatment. 224 86

We report a case of a 62 year old man who presented with effort dyspnoea accompanied by a cough and haemoptysis. The chest radiograph of the thorax showed atelectasis of the right upper lobe. Bronchoscopy showed evidence of a tumour like mass obstructing the right bronchus and this revealed itself to be a mass of organised fibrinous deposit in granulation tissue containing numerous colonies of Aspergillus. In fact it appeared to be an obstructive Aspergillus bronchitis, with a pseudo-tumour appearance attached to a carcinoid tumour which was obstructing the apical segment of the right upper lobe. Obstructive Aspergillus bronchitis makes up only a small percentage of overall respiratory disease caused by Aspergillus. They pose a problem of differential diagnosis with bronchopulmonary aspergillosis which is much more frequent.
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PMID:[Endobronchial aspergillosis associated with a carcinoid tumor]. 227 Mar 53

Initially a right sided pulmonary hypoplasia was diagnosed in our patient at the age of 9 years. The previous years were characterized by recurrent pneumonia, bronchitis and daily coughing fits. Findings of the chest radiograph suggested the diagnosis of right sided hypoplasia. The right hemithorax was small with mediastinal structures being pushed to the right and a clearly reduced blood flow on the same side. DSA of the arteria pulmonalis showed hypoplasia of the right arteria pulmonalis and confirmed our diagnosis. In addition to that an obstructive airway disease was assessed by measurement of lung function. Since the time when the diagnosis was found our patient has inhaled DSCG and beta 2-adrenergic drugs and no surgical treatment has been required as there have been no further episodes of pneumonia.
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PMID:[Right-sided lung hypoplasia in a 13-year-old boy]. 232 50

Analysis of 187 children diagnosed as having asthma since 1984 in a general practice population is described. Reasons were sought for possible delay in diagnosis so that appropriate steps could subsequently be taken to minimize further delay. Even in an asthma aware practice (original prevalence 8.8%) a delay of approximately 40% of the total age of the child at diagnosis is shown. This delay does not appear to diminish even for children up to 10 years of age. Asthma is more likely to be missed or labelled as 'bronchitis' in children who cough repeatedly, rather than those who wheeze occasionally. As many as 45% of asthmatic children may have had 'bronchitis' diagnosed and treated instead of asthma, so that a diagnosis of repeated 'bronchitis' merely detracts from underlying asthma.
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PMID:The effect of symptom presentation on delay in asthma diagnosis in children in a general practice. 237 36

An analysis of hospital discharge data showed that Brampton children 4 years and under had higher rates of hospital admissions for asthma, bronchitis and upper respiratory infections than children in the same age group living in Mississauga and other Ontario municipalities. The present study was done to compare the prevalence and treatment of wheezing and coughing between Brampton and Mississauga children 4 and 5 years of age. The study showed that increased use of pediatricians on the part of Mississauga children in comparison to Brampton children resulted in a higher proportion being placed on anti-asthmatic medications even though the underlying prevalence rate of wheezing and coughing was the same in the two samples. Further study is required to determine whether differences in primary care between the two samples can explain a two-fold increase in hospital admission rates for lower respiratory illness among Brampton preschool children in comparison to their counterparts in Mississauga.
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PMID:Comparison between the prevalence and treatment of wheezing and coughing in Brampton and Mississauga children. 238 65


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