Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Expectoration of bronchial casts (plastic bronchitis) is an uncommon but ancient problem. Herein we describe a 40-year-old man, with no prior lung disease, who had dyspnea, cough, and expectoration of long branching bronchial casts. No specific cause was delineated, although special stains for eosinophilic granule major basic protein demonstrated occasional foci of eosinophils and small amounts of extracellular major basic protein in the bronchial casts. Various diseases, such as allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, bronchiectasis, and cystic fibrosis, have been associated with the formation of bronchial casts and should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Although most previously reported cases have been associated with some type of pulmonary disease, our patient had no evidence of an underlying pulmonary disorder.
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PMID:Plastic bronchitis: an old disease revisited. 200 88

Much about acute bronchitis in children is uncertain, even its definition. This study was undertaken to help build a clinical definition to serve as a guide for further research. Charts of 180 children 1 to 12 years old were reviewed. Each had received a diagnosis of acute bronchitis (54 patients), upper respiratory infection with a cough (128 patients), or a new diagnosis of asthma (26 patients) during the previous 12 months. A history of sputum production (odds ration 25.0, p = 0.0001), the finding of rales or rhonchi on examination (OR 11.6, p less than 0.0001), and a past history of lower respiratory illness (OR 3.0, p = 0.01) were associated with a diagnosis of acute bronchitis, but fever and duration of illness were not. In addition, the diagnosis of acute bronchitis was strongly associated with a prescription for an antibiotic. In a child with a cough, acute bronchitis is more likely to be diagnosed if there is a history of sputum production, rales or rhonchi on examination, and a past history of lower respiratory disease.
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PMID:Acute bronchitis in children: building a clinical definition. 202 17

A newly recognized chlamydial species, Chlamydia pneumoniae causes acute respiratory infections including pneumonia, bronchitis and pharyngitis. In this paper, eight cases of bronchitis and tonsillitis associated with C. pneumoniae are presented. Three cases came to the clinic because of persistent cough and productive sputum. C. pneumoniae was isolated from sputum of a patient and cultured in HeLa 229 cells. Other two patients were diagnosed serologically; Antibodies were measured by microimmunofluorescence using formalized elementary bodies of C. pneumoniae. A titer of 512 in the IgG class was detected. Four patients had sore throat. C. pneumoniae was isolated and cultured from tonsillar swabs in all of them. A patient with sore throat and cough diagnosed as pharyngolaryngitis was sero-positive. Antibodies to C. pneumoniae in IgG and IgM class were 128 and 32, respectively. All the patients were treated with macrolide antibiotics (erythromycin and rokitamycin), and clinical symptoms subsided. In five patients from whom the organism was isolated, the agents were eradicated by the treatment. However, clinical courses of those patients revealed that patient takes a long time to recover from the illness, if diagnosis and first choice of antimicrobial agent are not appropriate.
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PMID:[Respiratory tract diseases due to Chlamydia pneumoniae]. 204 Sep 12

The authors review the therapeutic aspects of lung carcinoma (LC) diagnosis based on the follow-up of 80 patients with LC referred to the hospital for different nonspecific pulmonary diseases (pneumonia, bronchitis, bronchial asthma). Point to the diagnostic significance of the therapeutic microsymptomatology (inexplicable leukocytosis, fever, alterations in the character of cough and sputum, appearance of asphyxia and so forth), measurement of the level of hormones and biologically active substances with regard to the clinico-roentgenological appearance in identification of LC in the general therapeutic departments of the hospital. Analyze the diagnostic errors in the patients' group under examination.
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PMID:[Diagnosis of lung cancer in the general therapeutic departments of the hospital]. 204 34

Ten goats were inoculated with peste des petits ruminants virus, a paramyxovirus closely related to rinderpest virus. All goats developed severe clinical disease, 8/10 having coughing or dyspnea as prominent clinical signs. In addition, all of the goats had stomatitis and diarrhea. Histopathologic and immunohistochemical studies were done only on the respiratory tracts. Pathologic changes ranged from mild multifocal bronchiolitis and bronchitis to severe bronchointerstitial pneumonia. Lesions were more severe in anteroventral than caudal lobes. The histologic nature of the viral process in the goat lungs had many features in common with the processes of pneumonia in dogs, due to canine distemper, or pneumonia in human beings, due to measles virus. Immunohistochemical staining of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded respiratory tract tissue was performed using an indirect system with rabbit anti-rinderpest virus serum, biotinylated anti-rabbit antibody, streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase, and nitroblue tetrazolium chromogen. Staining was sensitive, highlighting the presence of viral antigen in both lung and trachea of all goats. Viral antigen was found in both cytoplasm and nucleus of tracheal, bronchial, and bronchiolar epithelial cells, type II pneumocytes, syncytial cells, and alveolar macrophages. In general, the amount of staining correlated directly with the severity of the inflammatory process.
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PMID:An immunohistochemical study of the pneumonia caused by peste des petits ruminants virus. 206 17

Three new steroidal saponins, aspafilioside A, B and C together with a known saponin 22-methoxy ASP-IV and beta-ecdysone were isolated from the root of Asparagus filicinus Buch.-Ham. (Chinese name as xiao-bai-bu), a folk medicine of the minorities in Yunnan Province, China, used for the treatment of bronchitis, pneumonitis and cough. Their structures were established as sarsasa pogenin-3-O-beta-D-xy lopyranosyl (1----4)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (I), sarsasapogenin-3-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl (1----4) [alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl (1----6)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (II) and (25S)-5 beta-furost-3 beta, 22, 26-triol-3-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl (1----4) [alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl(1----6)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside-26-O-bet a-D- glucopyranoside (III) by spectral and chemical methods.
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PMID:[Steroidal saponins from Asparagus filicinus]. 208 27

Eighteen dogs with chronic bronchitis were studied using physiologic, radiologic, microbiologic, and pathologic techniques. Twelve of these dogs were evaluated before and after two weeks of oral bronchodilator administration. Thoracic radiographs, tidal breathing flow-volume loops, radioaerosol ventilation scans, airway appearance at bronchoscopy, and airway pathology were abnormal in the majority of dogs studied. There was a significant relationship between abnormal ventilation scans and abnormal results for PaO2 and end-tidal airflow. Bronchoscopy revealed excessive mucus and inflammation of airway mucosa in all 16 dogs undergoing this procedure. Endoscopically obtained aerobic bacterial cultures grew mixed bacterial flora in only three dogs. Increased numbers of neutrophils in 14 dogs were detected by airway lavage cytology. A large number of eosinophils were seen in airway lavages obtained from two dogs; these two dogs also had evidence for eosinophilic bronchitis on endobronchial biopsy. Oral bronchodilator administration resulted in clinical and expiratory airflow improvements in most dogs, but had no effect on PaO2 or on the radioaerosol-scan abnormalities. The presence of both the physiologic and pathologic airway abnormalities of chronic bronchitis in dogs presented to a veterinary hospital with chronic unexplained cough was confirmed, suggesting that aerobic bacteria do not play an etiologic role in most cases.
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PMID:Canine chronic bronchitis. A pathophysiologic evaluation of 18 cases. 211 81

Sixty adult patients, 31 men and 29 women, aged 44 to 60, and affected by acute bronchitis of probable bacterial aetiology were randomly divided into 3 groups of 20 and treated respectively with: 1) morniflumate (one 700 mg tablet twice a day) + amoxicillin (one 1 g tablet twice a day); 2) feprazone (one 200 mg tablet twice a day) + amoxicillin (one 1 g tablet twice a day); 3) amoxicillin (one 1 g tablet twice a day). Mean therapy duration was 9 days. The action of the drugs under study was assessed by objective chest examination and by evaluating the modifications of cough intensity and frequency, chest pain expectorating difficulty, amount of expectoration, body temperature. The overall assessments were completed by side-effect recording and by laboratory examinations carried out at the beginning and end of the study. Checks were made regularly on admission, and in the 3rd, 5th, 7th and last day of therapy. The above mentioned parameters showed a quicker regression of bronchial inflammation in the subjects treated also with the antiinflammatory drug compared to those treated only with the antibiotic. Furthermore, in the subjects treated with morniflumate such improvement was more rapidly achieved compared to those who received feprazone. The analgesic and antipyretic effects of morniflumate were also remarkable. All tested drugs were well tolerated.
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PMID:[A new anti-inflammatory--analgesic--antipyretic for the treatment of acute disease of the bronchi ]. 213 90

A descriptive study of acute bronchitis in patients without pre-existing pulmonary disease was undertaken in the community during the winter months of 1986-87. Forty-two episodes were investigated in 40 individuals. The cardinal symptom was the acute onset of cough (100%), usually productive (90%). Wheezing was noted by 62% of patients, but heard on auscultation in only 31%. A potential pathogen was isolated in 29% of cases with a virus (eight cases) being identified more frequently than either Mycoplasma pneumoniae (three cases) or a bacterium (three cases). The acute illness was associated with significant reductions in forced expired volume in 1 second (P less than 0.02) and peak expiratory flow (P less than 0.001) but not forced vital capacity compared to 6 weeks later. Ten of the 27 (37%) patients who had a histamine challenge test performed at 6 weeks had a PD20 of less than 7.8 mumol histamine. Thirty-nine episodes (93%) were treated with antibiotics by the general practitioner, the clinical course being unremarkable apart from one patient who developed a lingular pneumonia despite antibiotic therapy. Further studies are required to assess whether acute bronchitis causes an acute increase in bronchial hyperresponsiveness and whether either antibiotics or inhaled bronchodilators or anti-inflammatory therapy has a useful role in the management of this predominantly viral illness.
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PMID:Acute bronchitis in the community: clinical features, infective factors, changes in pulmonary function and bronchial reactivity to histamine. 217 79

In 1984-1985, an outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection occurred in two geriatric wards. Among 68 patients (mean age +/- SD = 82.5 +/- 12.5 with respiratory signs, 52 had signs caused by RSV infection. Among all patients, the clinical and serological attack rates were 61.2% and 75.0%, respectively. The most frequent clinical presentation was intensive coughing (96.1%) and fever (96.1%) associated with expectorate (63.5%). The duration of the respiratory symptoms was 5 to 7 days. The disease gradually resolved, although in eight (15.4%) patients complications occurred. For periods of up to 1 year after infection, 172 sera were obtained and tested by complement fixation test (CFT), fluorescent assays for titrating specific IgG, IgA, and IgM, and Western blotting. Specific IgM appeared in six (11.5%) of the infected patients and peaked 2 to 6 months after infection, and there was no significant correlation with severity of clinical symptoms. However, higher peak G and A antibody responses were observed in persons with rales (CFT: P = 0.008; IgG: P = 0.042; IgA: P = 0.020), cough (IgG: P = 0.034), sputum (IgG: P = 0.030), dyspnea (CFT: P = 0.024), conjunctivitis (CFT: P = 0.025), and bronchitis (CFT: P = 0.018). The temporal patterns of IgA and CFT results were found to be similar, whereas IgG peaked later, i.e., between 2 and 6 months. The patients with the most severe symptoms had the highest antibody titers obtained by conventional tests and by Western blots. Thus, RSV can be an epidemic pathogen among elderly persons, although this illness is usually mild.
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PMID:An epidemic of respiratory syncytial virus in elderly people: clinical and serological findings. 217 69


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