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 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The diagnosis and management of strongyloidiasis present a continuous challenge in developing countries including Taiwan. In this study, the clinical characteristics and microbiological findings of 27 patients with Strongyloides stercoralis infection were retrospectively analyzed. Intestinal infection was identified in 17 patients and hyperinfection syndrome or disseminated disease in 10 (including 2 autopsy cases). The most frequent clinical findings were diarrhea (74%), fever (70%), abdominal pain (59%), cough (37%), dyspnea (33%), and constipation (26%). The common initial laboratory abnormalities were leukocytosis (81%), anemia (67%), liver function impairment (52%), and eosinophilia (44%). Most of the 27 patients had comorbid conditions, including malnutrition in 20 (74%), corticosteroid dependence in 15 (55%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in 9 (33%), chronic liver disease or cirrhosis in 8 (30%), and peptic ulcer disease in 7 (26%). There was no difference in the time interval from symptom onset to diagnosis between the intestinal infection group and the hyperinfection/disseminated group (22 +/- 15 vs 17 +/- 9 days). Larvae of S. stercoralis were identified in the stool of 24 patients, in the sputum smear of 5, in the gastric biopsy of one, and on histology of autopsy specimens in 2. Twenty-six patients received antiparasitic drug therapy of variable duration (mebendazole in 24, albendazole in 2, combined therapy in one). The overall cure rate was 52% (14/27). Relapse occurred in 4 patients. The overall mortality was 26% (7/27). There was a high mortality (up to 50%) in the hyperinfection/disseminated disease group. In conclusion, diagnosis of strongyloidiasis is often delayed and overlooked because of nonspecific symptoms. Physicians in endemic regions should include strongyloidiasis in the differential diagnosis when patients present with gastrointestinal and/or pulmonary symptoms with peripheral eosinophilia.
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PMID:Clinical manifestations of strongyloidiasis in southern Taiwan. 1195 Jan 17

A case of Strongyloides stercoralis infection wss experienced in a 73-year old Korean female patient, was hospitalized with relapse of cholecystitis. The patient developed cough and dyspnea 17 days after the admission. On the 27th hospitalized day, diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain started. A number of parasitic larvae were incubated at 25 degrees C for 2 days. Typical fork tailed filariform larvae of S. stercoralis (Bavay, 1876) Stiles and Hassall, 1902, were identified after cultivation. There was no improvement of diarrhoea after the medication with mebendazole. After the administration of thiabendazole, however, diarrhoea was stopped. On the 6th day of medication, S. stercoralis larvae were no more detected, and thereafter no larva was observed by repeated stool examinations upto 2 months after chemotherapy. The patient had the history of administration of steroid for articular rheumatism. Therefore this case seems to be a hyperinfection of S. stercoralis due to an autoinfection and to be the first report on the hyperinfected strongyloidiasis in Korea. Related literature was briefly reviewed.
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PMID:[A case of hyperinfection syndrome with Strongyloides stercoralis] 1288 66

The hospital records of 213 outpatients from Bangkok, Thailand, infected with Strongyloides stercoralis as determined by stool inspections were examined retrospectively for the different clinical presentations ascribed to patients with HIV, those with chronic illness, those who used immunosuppressant drugs and relatively healthy subjects. For HIV patients with strongyloidiasis, the most common symptoms were chronic diarrhea, fever, persistent coughing and loss of weight, but only the first three symptoms were significantly different from other immunocompromised hosts. For healthy patients with strongyloidiasis, acute diarrhea and abdominal pain were the most frequent symptoms. Moreover, the peripheral eosinophil blood count was significantly lower (P=0.004) in the HIV patients than in any of the other subsets. Males were more common than females across all categories. While the average age of all subjects was 48.3+/-16.4 years, the strongyloidiasis patients with chronic illness were significantly older (56.8+/-13.5 years) than those in the other groups. This study may suggest that strongyloidiasis is commonly found in geriatric males, and that the patients most at risk for S. stercoralis infection are HIV patients. This is the first report of the different clinical presentations of intestinal strongyloidiasis in various groups of patients with impaired immunity.
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PMID:Immunocompromised group differences in the presentation of intestinal strongyloidiasis. 1821 26

We report the case of a female patient with an atypical case of alveolar haemorrhage secondary to disseminated strongyloidiasis. Although uncommon, clinicians should consider the diagnosis of pneumonia by disseminated strongyloidiasis in patients with endemic exposure to Strongyloides stercoralis who present with symptoms of cough, wheezing, and dyspnoea. Primary care physicians should strongly consider screening for strongyloidiasis in patients from endemic areas prior to considering the use of steroids or any other immunosuppressants. The best screening test would be serological testing.
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PMID:An unusual presentation of alveolar hemorrhage. 1975 29

Strongyloidiasis, caused by Strongyloides stercoralis, is endemic in tropical and subtropical regions. Whether or not the infection rate is higher among indigenous populations in Taiwan remains unclear. The aim of our study was to assess the racial demographics, diagnoses and clinical details of strongyloidiasis. A total of 41 patients (27 males and 14 females) with strongyloidiasis at a tertiary referral centre in eastern Taiwan in a 21-year period were investigated retrospectively. The majority (36/41, 88%) of these patients lived in rural townships. Common clinical symptoms were anorexia, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, fever, coughing and diarrhea. The laboratory abnormalities were anemia, eosinophilia, and leukocytosis. The average age of the indigenous patients was younger than that of the Hans Chinese patients. Alcoholism among the indigenous Taiwanese (all males) was significantly more frequent than in the Hans Chinese, which might be one of the reasons that the indigenous males had a higher infection rate than Hans Chinese males. The group of patients with intestinal strongyloidiasis exhibited a significant lower mortality and a higher recovery rate than those with hyperinfection syndrome. Leptospirosis should be considered as an underlying factor associated with strongyloidiasis, especially in indigenous patients. The relationship and mechanism of leptospira-induced overwhelming infection including strongyloidiasis remains to be elucidated.
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PMID:Strongyloides stercoralis infection: a health issue regarding indigenous people in Taiwan. 2264 49

Strongyloides stercoralis is an intestinal nematode infecting humans. The actual prevalence of infestation with this parasite in our setting is not well established. Thus, this study was conducted to determine the age, sex and co-morbid conditions among patients with S. stercoralis infestation as well as to study the common manifestations of strongyloidiasis in our patients. Records of patients with positive S. stercoralis larvae from January 2000 to December 2012 in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan were reviewed. Ten patients were male and two were female. Their ages ranged from 19 to 78 years old. The majority (92%) of cases, presented with intestinal symptoms and 50% with moderate to severe anaemia. Thirty percent of cases had extraintestinal manifestations such as cough, sepsis and pleural effusion. Ninety-two percent of the patients had a comorbid illness. Most patients were immunocompromised, with underlying diabetes mellitus, retroviral disease, lymphoma and steroid therapy contributing to about 58% of cases. Only 58% were treated with anti-helminthic drugs. Strongyloidiasis is present in our local setting, though the prevalence could be underestimated.
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PMID:Review of patients with Strongyloides stercoralis infestation in a tertiary teaching hospital, Kelantan. 2436 85

Strongyloides stercoralis is an intestinal nematode endemic in the tropics and subtropics. Infection is usually acquired through skin contact with contaminated soil, or less commonly, from person to person through fecal contamination of the immediate environment. Infections are often asymptomatic, but can result in a pruritic rash, respiratory symptoms (e.g., cough or wheeze), and gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g., diarrhea and vomiting). Immunosuppressed persons can develop strongyloides hyperinfection syndrome, which can be fatal (1). In June 2015, the Pinal County Public Health Services District in Arizona was notified of a suspected strongyloidiasis infection in a resident of a long-term-care facility for developmentally disabled persons. The patient had anemia and chronic eosinophilia. The patient's serum tested positive for S. stercoralis-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) by a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and at CDC by a crude antigen ELISA, a quantitative assay for detection of IgG against S. stercoralis. An investigation was conducted to determine the infection source and identify additional cases.
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PMID:Notes from the Field: Strongyloidiasis at a Long-Term-Care Facility for the Developmentally Disabled - Arizona, 2015. 2731 Feb 13

Strongyloides stercoralis is a soil-transmitted helminth (STH) widespread in various part of the world. A 78-yr-old peasant diabetic female from Mazandaran Province northern Iran, was admitted to Infection Department of the Razi Hospital in city of Qaemshahr, north of Iran complaining about abdominal skin rash, pruritus, itching, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, dysuria and cough. This patient had cutaneous migration effects of S. stercoralis larvae in her abdominal skin (larva currents and urticaria). Lung CT without contrast demonstrate s bilateral diffuse ground glass opacity draws attention. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed gastro esophageal reflux with antral gastritis. Duodenal endoscopy showed unusual mucosa and a biopsy from it sent to the pathology laboratory. Histopathology of duodenal bulb and duodenum biopsy showed mild villous atrophy and S. stercoralis infection. The patient was treated with albendazole and clinical sings improved completely after treatment. Strongyloidiasis should be carefully considered by clinicians who practice in endemic areas. Clinicians must keep a high level of skepticism for patients from endemic area.
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PMID:Disseminated Strongyloidiasis in an Iranian Immunocompromised Patient: A Case Report. 2809 66


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