Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Of 40 stroke patients attending a rehabilitation department, 32 (80%) had associated reactions affecting the hemiplegic arm. These involuntary movements nearly always occurred in association with yawning and less frequently with stretching, coughing, sneezing and laughing. In many patients the pattern of these reactions differed from previous descriptions. In the majority of patients they raised false hopes about the recovery of arm function, but sometimes they were a cause of distress. All 8 patients who did not have associated reactions had some voluntary movement of the affected arm and 4 of them had very useful manipulative function. By contrast, 25% of those with associated reactions had no voluntary arm movement and only 2 (6%) had very useful hand function. Involuntary arm movements are common in hemiplegia and those involved in care of stroke patients should be aware of them.
 ...
PMID:Associated reactions in the hemiplegic arm. 713 11

In a group of 132 patients with transient ischemic attacks ((TIAs) 7 patients (4 men, 3 women, ages 64 to 81) had TIAs preceded by hypotension. The average fall of mean blood pressure during an attack was 26.4 +/- 5.5 mm Hg (SD). Only one of these patients had a TIA which was not preceded by hypotension. This episode occurred during a paroxysm of coughing. All 7 of these patients had hypertension, and cerebral arteriography performed in 4 of the 7 revealed hemodynamically significant carotid artery stenosis. Each of the 4 patients developed hypotension and a TIA after the procedure. Twenty of the other patients had hypotensive episodes but did not develop focal neurological deficits. None of these patients had carotid artery stenosis. This study suggests that hypertensive patients with carotid artery stenosis may be at risk to develop focal cerebral ischemia during acute hypotensive episodes.
Stroke
PMID:Transient ischemic attacks associated with hypotension in hypertensive patients with carotid artery stenosis. 724 1

An athlete taking part in a mini-marathon race on a cold mid-winter morning collapsed with heat stroke after completing 19,5 km. To stop himself coughing during the run, he had taken a proprietary cough mixture containing 18 mg of the phenothiazine antihistaminic, promethazine, before the start. A possible explanation for the development of heat stroke is that the promethazine interfered with the body's ability to dissipate the enormous endogenous heat load which is generated during the course of a marathon race.
 ...
PMID:Heat stroke during a 'run for fun': A case report. 740 8

There are approximately 20,000 excess deaths from cardiovascular disease each winter in England and Wales. The reasons for the excess have not been fully elucidated. For one year, we studied 96 men and women aged 65-74 living in their own homes in order to examine seasonal variation in plasma fibrinogen and factor VII clotting activity (FVIIc), and to investigate relationships with infection and other cardiovascular-disease risk factors. Both fibrinogen and FVIIc plasma values were greater in winter with estimated winter-summer differences (confidence intervals) of 0.13 (0.05-0.20) g/L for fibrinogen and 4.2 (1.2-7.1)% of standard for FVIIc. These differences could account for 15% and 9% increases in ischaemic heart disease risk in winter respectively. After adjustment for confounding by season, fibrinogen was strongly related to neutrophil count (p < 0.0001), C-reactive protein (p < 0.0001), alpha 1-antichymotrypsin (p < 0.0001), and self-reported cough (p < 0.0001) and coryza (p = 0.0004), but not to ambient temperature. Therefore, we suggest that seasonal variation in fibrinogen might be induced by winter respiratory infections via activation of the acute phase response. Seasonal variations in the cardiovascular risk factors fibrinogen and FVIIc provide further possible explanations for the marked seasonal variation in death from ischaemic heart disease and stroke in the elderly.
 ...
PMID:Seasonal variations of plasma fibrinogen and factor VII activity in the elderly: winter infections and death from cardiovascular disease. 790 26

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the specific effect of the ACE-inhibitor lisinopril on myocardial mass and diastolic function in uremic patients using a protocol designed to leave blood pressure unchanged. Nineteen hemodialysis patients (7 males; mean age: 55 +/- 13 years; mean time on dialysis: 44 +/- 35 months) received lisinopril for 6 months in addition to their preexistent antihypertensive treatment regimens (mean: 1.4 +/- 0.8 drugs). Doses of antihypertensive drugs were adjusted to keep both systolic and diastolic blood pressure stable. Nine patients were withdrawn from lisinopril treatment after 43 +/- 33 days because of hypotension (n = 4), withdrawn consent (n = 3), stroke (n = 1) and cough (n = 1). Seven of them were further studied as controls. Ten patients received 6.4 +/- 4 mg lisinopril as a mean for 6 months. Mean myocardial mass, calculated by M-mode echocardiography, was 324 +/- 103 g before, and 313 +/- 79 g after 6 months of lisinopril treatment. In the control patients, myocardial mass was 318 +/- 110 g initially, and after 6 months, it was 334 +/- 159 g. Early and late transmitral diastolic flow velocities were not significantly influenced by lisinopril. Throughout the study, both the systolic and diastolic 24-h mean blood pressure levels remained stable (systolic: before: 145 +/- 19 mmHg, at 6 months: 147 +/- 17 mmHg; diastolic: before: 87 +/- 12 mmHg, at 6 months 87 +/- 10 mmHg). Thus, no specific effect of lisinopril on regression of myocardial hypertrophy or improvement of diastolic function could be observed within a 6-month period in this small group of hemodialysis patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:The influence of ACE-inhibition on myocardial mass and diastolic function in chronic hemodialysis patients with adequate control of blood pressure. 785 Oct 32

The diagnoses of the 193 patients aged 65 and over who attended the service of neurology in the past 15 years with de novo headache as their initial and main symptom were specifically analysed. Headaches beginning in elderly people represented only 5.4% of headaches in all ages, whereas 12.1% of the population in this health area was 65 or over. Head pain appeared more often in women (63%), although post-traumatic, cluster, and benign cough headaches were almost restricted to men. Tension type headache (83 patients, 43% of the aged patients) and idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia (36, 19%) were the most frequent diagnoses. Fifteen per cent of the elderly patients v 1.6% of patients under 65 presented headache secondary to serious conditions, such as stroke, temporal arteritis, or intracranial neoplasm. Only one patient over 65 met migraine criteria. It is concluded that whereas the incidence of patients with headache attending a general hospital decreases with age, the risk of headaches due to serious conditions increases 10-fold after 65.
 ...
PMID:Experience in the diagnosis of headaches that start in elderly people. 793 91

Thirty-five patients (10 men and 25 women) with a preoperative diagnosis of cardiac myxoma have undergone cardiac surgery since 1964 at the University of Louvain. The mean age of the patients was 49 (range 20-75) years. The most commonly encountered symptoms were: dyspnoea 49%; thoracic pain 26%; cough and peripheral embolism 17% each; stroke and preoperative atrial fibrillation 14% each; flutter 11%; expectoration, acute pulmonary oedema, syncope and transient ischaemic attack 6% each; and pulmonary embolism 3%. The different locations were: left atrium 66%; right atrium 26%; both atria 3%; right ventricle 3%: and retrohepatic vena cavae 3%. Septal implantation was found in 66%. Histological examination confirmed 28 myxomas but three 'tumours' were thrombi, two haemangiomas, one rhabdomyosarcoma and one liposarcoma. The follow-up has now reached 2829 months with an average of 81 months per patient (range 0-342 months). Three patients died early (9%) and there were four late deaths (11%). No cases were familial. Surgical resection is the correct treatment for cardiac myxomas and gives good long-term results.
 ...
PMID:Cardiac myxoma. 807 15

Aspiration is the leading cause of anaerobic lung infections. Risk factors for these infections include a depressed level of consciousness, a history of seizure, general anesthesia, central nervous system or neuromuscular disease, cerebrovascular accident, impaired swallowing and use of a tracheal or nasogastric tube. Clinical presentation includes fever, weight loss, malaise and cough productive of foul-smelling sputum. Diagnosis is based on radiographic findings, clinical features and a characteristic morphology of mixed flora on Gram stain of uncontaminated pulmonary specimens. The diagnosis is confirmed by isolation of organisms, usually polymicrobial, on culture. Treatment includes proper drainage, debridement of necrotic tissue and an antibiotic regimen (often initially empiric) with an agent active against anaerobic and aerobic organisms.
 ...
PMID:Anaerobic lung infections. 820 19

Neurogenic dysphagia results from sensorimotor impairment of the oral and pharyngeal phases of swallowing due to a neurologic disorder. The symptoms of neurogenic dysphagia include drooling, difficulty initiating swallowing, nasal regurgitation, difficulty managing secretions, choke/cough episodes while feeding, and food sticking in the throat. If unrecognized and untreated, neurogenic dysphagia can lead to dehydration, malnutrition, and respiratory complications. The symptoms of neurogenic dysphagia may be relatively inapparent on account of both compensation for swallowing impairment and diminution of the laryngeal cough reflex due to a variety of factors. Patients with symptoms of oropharyngeal dysphagia should undergo videofluoroscopy of swallowing, which in the case of neurogenic dysphagia typically reveals impairment of oropharyngeal motor performance and/or laryngeal protection. The many causes of neurogenic dysphagia include stroke, head trauma, Parkinson's disease, motor neuron disease and myopathy. Evaluation of the cause of unexplained neurogenic dysphagia should include consultation by a neurologist, magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, blood tests (routine studies plus muscle enzymes, thyroid screening, vitamin B12 and anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies), electromyography/nerve conduction studies, and, in certain cases, muscle biopsy or cerebrospinal fluid examination. Treatment of neurogenic dysphagia involves treatment of the underlying neurologic disorder (if possible), swallowing therapy (if oral feeding is reasonably safe to attempt) and gastrostomy (if oral feeding is unsafe or inadequate).
 ...
PMID:Dysphagia associated with neurological disorders. 820 77

Cocaine abuse surged in the 1980s, forcing reevaluation of its previously benign image. Snorted, smoked, and injected, the drug is more widely abused than ever and, the consequences are devastating. Medical complications are frequent and range from mild (eg, cough, itching, headache) to life-threatening (eg. stroke, seizure, cardiovascular failure). Behavioral disturbances constitute the most dramatic and widespread effects of intoxication and withdrawal. Psychopathologic responses may include perceptual disturbances (eg. hallucinations) agitation, aggression, delirium, confusion, and profound delusional ideation. The goals of treatment are abstinence, rehabilitation, and relapse prevention. Hospital care may be necessary in certain circumstances. Regardless of where treatment takes place, a comprehensive program of supportive care, behavioral therapy, urine monitoring, and often psychopharmacologic intervention is required.
 ...
PMID:The treatment of cocaine abuse. 831 99


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>