Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Kaposi's sarcoma in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) -infected women, often misdiagnosed, has an aggressive clinical course, with high rates of visceral involvement and decreased survival. We describe the first case of isolated pulmonary Kaposi's sarcoma in pregnancy. A nulliparous woman was diagnosed with AIDS after presenting at 25 weeks gestation with a cough and multiple pulmonary nodules. Extensive pulmonary evaluation was nondiagnostic until thorascopic lung biopsy revealed Kaposi's sarcoma. Despite combination antiretroviral therapy, her malignancy progressed. Labor was induced at 33.5 weeks gestation for nonreassuring fetal testing. She received chemotherapy postpartum and remains in remission. Pulmonary Kaposi's sarcoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of HIV-infected obstetric patients with respiratory compromise. Definitive diagnosis is necessary given the aggressive clinical course that is potentially responsive to therapy.
 ...
PMID:Pulmonary Kaposi's sarcoma in pregnancy. 1628 6

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a rare subcutaneous lesion linked mainly with patients suffering from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The aim of the present study is to present the first documented case of classic Kaposi's sarcoma (CKS) located in the right true vocal cord. A 62 year old male presented with cough and hoarseness for 2 months. Clinical examination revealed a nodule on the right vocal cord. The patient underwent surgery and the lesion was removed and biopsied. The histopathology report showed that the lesion was KS but with no complete removal of the lesion, since the surgical margins of the nodule were not healthy. The patient, although fully informed, refused any further treatment. Further laboratory tests were performed, revealing an HIV-negative immunodeficiency profile. Although (Mediterranean) CKS is not an aggressive malignancy, surgery with complete removal of the affected area is indicated when it is applicable. Moreover, conservative treatment and follow up of the patient is essential in order to prevent relapse or other primary lesions.
 ...
PMID:Classic (Mediterranean) Kaposi's sarcoma of the true vocal cord: a case report and review of the literature. 1649 8

Anaplastic Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is an uncommon histologic phenotype of Kaposi's and one that is typically associated with a locally aggressive clinical course. We report a case of a 53-year-old human immunodeficiency virus-positive male, on highly active antiretroviral therapy 1 month prior to admission, who presented with fever, cough, respiratory distress, multiple skin lesions and cervical and inguinal lymphadenopathy not responding to multiple antibiotics. Microscopic examination of punch biopsies from the forehead and chest revealed a spindled cell neoplasm with marked cytologic atypia and scattered mitoses, features consistent with a diagnosis of anaplastic KS and confirmed by immunohistochemistry with HHV-8. Biopsy of an involved lymph node also revealed involvement by KS. Despite aggressive clinical treatment, the patient rapidly deteriorated and expired 1 week after the diagnosis of anaplastic KS was rendered. Our case underscores the aggressive clinical course of this uncommon histologic variant of KS and its recalcitrant clinical behavior.
 ...
PMID:Anaplastic Kaposi's sarcoma: an uncommon histologic phenotype with an aggressive clinical course. 1963 66

In this paper, we describe a particular clinical case of gastrointestinal Kaposi's sarcoma associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in a 51-year-old female patient who survived 6 years without anti-retroviral treatment after the diagnosis of HIV infection. The patient was admitted to our hospital with fever, skin lesions in both upper limbs and thighs (one day of evolution) and dry cough (about a month of evolution). She was admitted to the General Internal Medicine Service for control, diagnosis and treatment. An upper digestive bleeding was detected there. Once referred to our Gastroenterology Service, an appropriate selection of tests (anamnesis, gastric video endoscopy, histology) was carried out. In the upper gastric video endoscopy, several epithelial lesions were observed and a presumptive diagnosis of Kaposi's sarcoma was obtained. The diagnosis was finally confirmed by chain polymerase reaction (PCR) amplifcation of HHV8 DNA. This finding highlights the contribution of the molecular biology laboratory that allowed in this case the first molecular identification in our institution of the causative agent of Kaposi's syndrome with gastrointestinal manifestations.
 ...
PMID:[Gastrointestinal Kaposi's sarcoma associated to AIDS. Case report]. 2287 18

Sarcoidosis is a multi-systemic inflammatory disease of unknown origin characterized by the presence of noncaseating epitheloid cell granulomas in multiple organs. Diagnosis is made on the basis of a compatible clinical-radiological scenario and the histological demonstration of the typical granulomas in the affected tissues. Interferons are immuno-modulators that have been used in a wide range of diseases, including hepatitis C virus infection, multiple sclerosis, and multiple myeloma and other types of tumours, including leukemia, lymphomas, Kaposi's sarcoma, and melanoma. Interferon-alpha-induced sarcoidosis has been reported repeatedly and there are two reports in the literature of cases of pulmonary sarcoidosis treated with interferon-1b therapy: one for advanced renal cell carcinoma and the other for multiple myeloma. A 35-year-old man on chronic immune-modulant Interferon-1b-based therapy for multiple sclerosis presented to the Neurology Unit with mild dyspnoea, dry cough, and transient pain to right upper abdomen. Lungs, spleen, liver, and almost all lymphnode stations of abdomen and mediastinum were clearly involved on ultrasound examination, chest X-ray, and computed tomography. A transbronchial biopsy showed non-caseating granuloma on histopathologic evaluation of the lungs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a chronic multisystemic sarcoidosis that was associated with interferon-beta treatment.
 ...
PMID:Sarcoidosis and multiple sclerosis: systemic toxicity associated with the use of interferon-beta therapy. 2266 44

Despite high seroprevalence there are few recent studies of the effect of HIV on hospitals in sub-Saharan Africa. We examined 1226 consecutive patients admitted during two 2-week periods in October 1999 and January 2000. 70% medical patients were HIV positive, and 45% had AIDS. 36% surgical patients were HIV positive and 8% had AIDS. Seroprevalence rose to a peak among 30-40 year olds; 91% medical, 56% surgical and 80% all patients in this age group were HIV positive. Seropositive women were younger than seropositive men (median age 29 v 35, p<0.0001). Symptoms strongly indicative of HIV were history of shingles, chronic diarrhoea or fever or cough, history of tuberculosis, weight loss, and persistent itchy rash (adjusted odds ratios all over 5). Clinical signs strongly indicative of HIV were oral hairy leukoplakia, shingles scar, Kaposi's sarcoma, oral thrush, and hair loss (adjusted odds ratios all over 10). Of surgical patients with 'deep infections' (breast abscess, pyomyositis, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, and multiple abscesses), 52% were HIV positive (OR compared with other surgical patients 2.4). Severe bacterial infections, tuberculosis, and AIDS caused 68% deaths. HIV dominates adult medicine, is a major part of adult surgery, is the main cause of death in hospital, and affects the economically active age group of the population.
...
PMID:Prevalence and indicators of HIV and AIDS among adults admitted to medical and surgical wards in Blantyre, Malawi. 2752 30

BACKGROUND Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is known to involve the mucocutaneous tissues and the aero-digestive tracts. In acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients, KS has an aggressive course and carries poor prognosis. We present a case of pulmonary KS with osseous metastases as the first presentation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in a young male. The lesions impressively decreased in size and numbers following initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). CASE REPORT A 34-year-old heterosexual male presented with a one month history of cough and 15-20 pound weight loss within six months. Examination revealed oral thrush, decreased breath sounds and crackles on the right lower lung base. Imaging showed a large right perihilar mass with multiple lytic lesions involving thoracic and lumber vertebrae, ribs, sternum, and clavicles. Blood and sputum cultures, smears for acid fast bacilli, and a QUANTIferon gold test were all negative. He tested positive for HIV and his CD4 count was 7 cells/uL. Bronchoscopy with biopsy was unrevealing. Pathology of the right hilar mass was diagnostic of KS. Following initiation of antiretroviral therapy his condition dramatically improved; repeat chest CT scan showed marked regression of the bony and pulmonary lesions. CONCLUSIONS The dual action of HAART on the recovery of the immune system and against human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8) may essentially cause regression of KS lesions.
 ...
PMID:Pulmonary Kaposi Sarcoma with Osseous Metastases in an Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Patient: A Remarkable Response to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy. 2821 10

The patient in our case presented with progressive dyspnoea and cough. Chest radiograph reveals complete opacification of the hemithorax. Complete lung consolidation was not seen on chest CT. The patient in this case had extensive pulmonary and endobronchial Kaposi sarcoma (KS) that led to complete consolidation of the right lung that was diagnosed via bronchoscopy. After diagnosis, he was restarted on antiretroviral therapy and single-agent chemotherapy for treatment of pulmonary KS.
 ...
PMID:Pulmonary Kaposi sarcoma presenting as complete lung consolidation. 2833 Oct 23

The simultaneous presentation of two noninflammatory pulmonary diseases, pulmonary alveolar proteinosis and Kaposi's sarcoma (Ks), in an HIV-infected patient, is described. A 29-year-old black race patient was admitted to the hospital because of general malaise, weight loss, dyspnea, chest pain, and cough with hemoptoic expectoration. Chest X-rays revealed a patchy bilateral alveolar pattern with a tendency toward the formation of condensations. The serological test revealed HIV positivity (CD4 counts of 393 cells/mm3). Because there was no response to the treatment course, a thoracic CT was performed, showing interlobular thickening with intralobular septal lines and ground glass opacities ("crazy-paving" pattern). An open lung biopsy was performed. Histopathological diagnosis of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis and pulmonary Ks was made.
 ...
PMID:Simultaneous presentation of two noninflammatory lung diseases in an HIV-infected patient. 2846 24

Late diagnosis of HIV infection can be fatal because it favors the appearance of opportunistic infections whose management requires the use of several molecules which can cause drug interactions. We report the case of a 45-year old female patient under heroin substitution treatment, using methadone and with HIV1 under antiretroviral treatment. This patient had nonspecific pulmonary appearance associated with dry nagging cough and progressive dyspnea evolving in a feverish context. Moreover, clinical examination showed left lower limb lymphedema with painless angiomatous nodules evolving over three years associated with plaques, angiomatous nodules occurred more recently at the level of the anterior face of the thorax. Sputum GeneXpert test allowed isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis associated with Kaposi's sarcoma and immunosuppression caused by HIV was retained.
 ...
PMID:[TB/HIV co-infection associated with Kaposi's sarcoma under opioid substitution treatment using methadone: about a case]. 2915 66


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 Next >>