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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An epidemiological study of 2153 workers in 15 West Yorkshire wool textile mills was conducted to determine relations between respiratory symptoms and exposure to inspirable wool mill dust. A questionnaire designed to elicit all the common respiratory symptoms was developed and tested, and administered to all workers willing to participate (85%). It was translated and administered in Urdu for the 385 workers from Pakistan whose English was not fluent. Symptoms investigated included cough and phlegm, wheezing and chest tightness, breathlessness and its variability, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, chills, nosebleeds, and chest illnesses. Additional questions were asked, where appropriate, about the times of day, days of the week, seasons, and places that the symptoms were worse or better than normal. An environmental survey was carried out at each mill, which included 629 measurements of inspirable dust, enabling estimates to be made of the airborne concentrations of inspirable dust usually experienced by each member of the workforce under current conditions. Overall symptom prevalences were: persistent cough and phlegm, 9%; wheeze, 31%; breathlessness on walking with others on level ground, 10%; persistent rhinitis, 18%; persistent conjunctivitis, 10%; persistent chills, 2%; ten or more nosebleeds a year, 2%; and three or more chest illnesses in past three years, 5%. After allowing for the effects of age, sex, smoking habit, and ethnic group, cough and phlegm, wheeze, breathlessness, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and nosebleeds were found to be more frequent in those exposed to higher than to lower concentrations of dust. In some experiencing high concentrations (blenders and carpet yarn backwinders) cough and phlegm, wheeze, rhinitis, and conjunctivitis were related to the years worked in such jobs. Relative risks of each symptom in relation to inspirable dust concentrations were calculated by means of a logistic regression analysis. At concentrations of 10 mg/m3, the current United Kingdom standard for nuisance dusts, the risk of cough and phlegm relative to that of an unexposed worker was 1.37, that of wheeze 1.40, breathlessness 1.48, rhinitis 1.24, and conjunctivitis 1.70. Since some of these symptoms may be associated with functional impairment of the lungs, further studies of selected workers are being carried out to estimate the functional effects of exposure to dust in wool textile mills.
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PMID:Respiratory and allergic symptoms in wool textile workers. 326 11

The authors examined the action of non-specific bronchial reactivity to methacholine (IBA) before and after treatment with ambroxol in a group of a children with clinic symptomatology of recurrent cough and/or rhinitis. The little patients are selected from a pediatric population that, besides the clinical data mentioned above, had a high probability to manifest nonspecific bronchial reactivity for which clinical and anamnestic data predisposed. In all patients were carried out an allergologic examination with the execution of Prick test and determination of total IgE. The results obtained and discussed suggest a favorable employ of the drug that is able to normalize the functional condition of the bronchial mucous membrane and of the ciliary apparatus which alteration are frequently present in subjects with high non-specific bronchial reactivity.
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PMID:[Study of the activity of ambroxol in children with aspecific bronchial hyperreactivity]. 331 96

Seven subjects, who experienced systemic allergic reactions after the ingestion of a newly marketed food supplement, were evaluated to identify the responsible ingredient. Skin testing with extracts prepared from ingredients in the food supplements revealed marked sensitization of all of the subjects to cottonseed protein. Double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenges performed in two subjects with cottonseed flour produced reactions consisting of oropharyngeal pruritus, rhinitis, nausea, diaphoresis, dyspnea, cough, and a fall in pulmonary function tests of 45% or more. All placebo challenges were negative. Because of the reactions observed during these challenges, other subjects were not challenged orally with cottonseed protein but consumed without incident other ingredients in the supplement to which they were skin test positive. Our evaluation strongly incriminates cottonseed protein as the cause of the systemic allergic reactions in these subjects and is consistent with earlier articles in the literature describing the potent allergenicity of cottonseed protein.
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PMID:Cottonseed hypersensitivity: new concerns over an old problem. 340 64

Perceived nasal and bronchial hyperresponsiveness to tobacco smoke and cold air were assessed in 912 working men in the Paris area. Baseline lung function measurements and peripheral leucocyte counts with standard differential counts were performed. At least one perceived nasal or bronchial hyperresponsiveness symptom was reported by 15.7%. Current smoking was significantly less frequent among those with cough induced by tobacco smoke. Rhinitis induced by cold air was associated with lower FEV1 (p less than 0.01) and the association remained after adjustment for smoking, asthma, and wheezing (p = 0.06). Symptoms induced by cold air were related to circulating basophils. Neither perceived nasal nor perceived bronchial hyperresponsiveness was significantly related to the airway response to methacholine in a sample of the group (n = 324) surveyed again five years later. The result suggest that the symptom of rhinitis provoked by cold air is a possible "new" risk factor or marker for chronic airflow limitation.
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PMID:Relation of perceived nasal and bronchial hyperresponsiveness to FEV1, basophil counts, and methacholine response. 342 May 56

Bronchial hyperreactivity was studied in 79 patients who gave a history of allergic symptoms. Twenty-nine of them suffered from rhinitis, 28 from eczema, 21 from urticaria and one from gastrointestinal allergy. Forced expiration in the first second (FEV1) was measured in each. If FEV1 was greater than 1 l a histamine challenge was done. Histamine (0.6 mg/ml) was inhaled by tidal breathing for one minute. FEV1 was measured before the inhalation and two min after cessation of the inhalation. If FEV1 dropped greater than 20% the inhalation was assessed as positive and the provocation was stopped. If the challenge was not positive another inhalation with histamine (2.4 mg/ml, l min) was done. If FEV1 dropped greater than 20% when measured two min after the inhalation the provocation was called positive. Twenty-two patients with rhinitis had a negative bronchial challenge, six had a positive. One of them had asthma, three suffered also from cough and/or serous sputum production, and two had hay fever. Out of 28 with eczema, 20 had negative histamine challenge and five a positive. Four of these suffered from daily cough and/or serous sputum production, one had no airway symptoms. Fifteen out of 21 suffering from urticaria had a negative histamine challenge, three had a positive. Two of them suffered from asthma and one complained of daily cough and/or serous sputum production. It is concluded that allergic subjects without symptoms from the airways, have a bronchial reactivity to inhaled histamine similar to the general population.
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PMID:Bronchial hyperreactivity in allergic subjects. 346 10

This report describes a case of reversible obstructive sleep apnea caused by occupational exposure to an inhaled allergen, guar gum powder. The patient, a pet food plant employee, also experienced severe cough, rhinitis, and conjunctivitis. Skin tests confirmed the specific guar allergy. Pharyngeal cross-sectional area was smaller than normal. Pulmonary function studies, histamine challenge tests, nasal air-flow resistance measurements, and nocturnal polysomnography were performed on 3 separate occasions: while the patient was working at his usual occupation, at the end of a 3-wk holiday, and after a guar dust challenge in an inhalation chamber. Pulmonary function and histamine challenge tests were consistently normal. At the time of the initial tests, nasal resistance was elevated, and nocturnal polysomnography revealed obstructive sleep apnea. After absence from work, obstructive sleep apnea resolved, and the nasal resistance returned to normal. After challenge with guar gum dust, the patient developed increased resistance to nasal air flow, and obstructive sleep apnea reappeared. This case demonstrates that allergy can cause reversible obstructive sleep apnea and that occupational exposure should be considered in the assessment of patients with this disease.
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PMID:Reversible obstructive sleep apnea caused by occupational exposure to guar gum dust. 370 5

Out of 2.513 clinical files of allergic children, we have found 200 pollen-allergic patients, which represent 7.9% of the total allergic pathology in children, in our environment. We have studied in these 200, the most important epidemiological parameters and the influence that this can cause upon the characteristics of this disease. A male predominance has been found (70%) and it has been discovered that 52% of the total were born in spring (p less than 0.0005). An hundred per cent have shown grass-pollen sensitiveness and 52% have also shown other kinds of pollen hypersensitivity. It has been found familiar allergic background in 76.5% of the cases and in 32.5% familiar allergic history of pollinosis. Unexpectedly, those who were in lack of familiar allergic history began their clinical symptoms earlier; 51.06% before 6 years of age (p less than 0.05). Other kinds of allergic manifestations were found in 51%, being respiratory symptoms the most important (35.5%), followed by the cutaneous (23.5%) and digestive ones (10.5%). Allergy to drugs was found in 10.5%. The more frequent symptoms of pollinosis were in order of importance: rhinitis (86.5%), conjunctivitis (77%), asthma (48%), spasmodic cough (27.5%) and urticaria (4%). Asthma induced by grass-pollen hypersensitivity was equally suffered by the males as by the females, and this was more frequent among the patients who had previously suffered from non-pollinic respiratory allergies.
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PMID:[Natural history of pollinosis in childhood]. 370 20

Twenty-three of 23 neonates were contaminated in the course of an outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in a neonatal care unit. Symptoms among 22 infected symptomatic infants included rhinitis (n = 21), dyspnea (n = 19), cough (n = 17), apnea (n = 5), seizures (n = 3), fever (n = 3). Five patients presented with severe respiratory distress. The occurrence of non-obstructive apnea was significantly correlated with a history of respiratory disease, RSV infection during the first 15 days of life and the severity of lower respiratory tract RSV infection.
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PMID:[Respiratory syncytial virus infections in newborn infants]. 371 65

Twice-daily and four-times daily treatment with beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol were compared in a double dummy crossover study in patients with severe chronic bronchial asthma. The trial consisted of two two-month treatment periods preceded by a two-week baseline period. No significant difference was found in the morning or evening PEF, in symptom scores for wheeze, cough, sputum, sleep disturbance, limitation of daily activity, rhinitis, daily usage of bronchodilator aerosol or requirement for additional oral corticosteroids. The study has confirmed that in management of severe bronchial asthma, a twice-daily regimen of beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol is as effective as four-times daily treatment, if the total daily dose of beclomethasone dipropionate is kept unchanged.
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PMID:Comparison of twice-daily and four-times daily administration of beclomethasone dipropionate in patients with severe chronic bronchial asthma. 373 68

Standardized exercise challenge tests, symptom scores and whole-blood eosinophil and basophil counts were made before and during the pollen season in 32 children suffering from hay fever (n = 16) or hay fever and asthma (n = 16). All participants developed rhinitis symptoms during the season. The hay fever group showed in addition a significant seasonal increase in cough score (but in no other asthma symptom) and in circulating eosinophils (P less than 0.01); mean exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) did not change despite a slight increase in a few subjects. The asthma group showed seasonal increases in EIB (P less than 0.001), asthma symptom score (P less than 0.002), and total eosinophil count (P less than 0.001). The increase in the latter was significantly higher (P less than 0.05) than that in the hay fever group. The relative basophil count remained unchanged in both groups. In conclusion, the hay fever group and the asthma group could be clearly distinguished with respect to EIB during natural pollen exposure. The significantly higher increases in EIB and circulating eosinophils observed in the asthma group might possibly be due to greater pollen antigen sensitivity in the asthmatics.
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PMID:Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. Seasonal variation in children with asthma and in those with rhinitis. 378 31


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