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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinical efficacy of a macrolide antibiotic, midecamycin, was studied in 12 adult cases with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. The therapeutic effects were excellent or good in 9 cases and fair in 2 cases. On defervescence and disappearance of shadows on chest X-ray the therapeutic effect was satisfactory, but on disappearance of cough therapeutic effect was not clear in some cases. Taking into consideration the antimicrobial activity of midecamycin against Mycoplasma pneumoniae, serum concentration and side effects of midecamycin, this antibiotic is expected to be effective in the treatment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.
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PMID:[Therapeutic effect of midecamycin on Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in adults (author's transl)]. 45 86

Mycoplasmal pneumonia, tularemic pneumonia, Q fever pneumonia, psittacosis, and Legionnaires' disease are the most frequently encountered treatable atypical pneumonias. Mycoplasmal pneumonia, the most common, is often accompanied by nonexudative pharyngitis, conjunctivitis, or otitis. The nonproductive cough is characteristic. Tularemic pneumonia is characterized by substernal chest pain, bloody pleural effusion, and bilateral hilar adenopathy. Although the clinical presentation is mild, roentgenographic findings are impressive. Q fever pneumonia resembles psittacosis but is less serious; it may be accompanied by subacute bacterial endocarditis, hepatitis, or both. Psittacosis is characterized by prominent headache, bloody sputum, and relative bradycardia. Tetracycline is the drug of choice for either. In Legionnaires' disease, pneumonia is accompanied by prominent extrapulmonary symptoms. The most important diagnostic clues include diarrhea and mental confusion. Relative bradycardia and laboratory abnormalities are also helpful. Erythromycin is the drug of choice unless doubt exists as to the diagnosis.
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PMID:The atypical pneumonias: a diagnostic and therapeutic approach. 47 55

During the winter months 1974/75 we were able to observe a number of unusual respiratory tract infections particularly in children over 6 years of age which appeared as pneumonias. Characteristic clinical findings included a dry, hacky cough, refractive to the usual antitussives, starting 1--2 weeks prior to admission, fever up to 104, malaise, headache, anorexia, shortness of breath and cyanosis. Several Pts were treated prior to admission with a number of antibiotics and failed to respond. Laboratory findings showed a peripheral polymorphonuclear leucocytosis with toxic granulations of neutrophiles. A sedimentation rate above 40 in the first hour occurred in most Pts. X Ray of the lung revealed a characteristic mottled appearance with patchy infiltrations, atelectasis and nodular densities. Frequently a shift of the mediastinum towards the infiltrate was seen. One of the hallmarks on physical examination was the discrepancy between the severity of the clinical illness and the paucity of physical findings. Decreased breath sounds over affected lung areas were often the only findings on auscultation; find rales, rhonchi or dullness on percussion were less often heard. The combination of a typical history, physical examination, laboratory tests and X Ray findings enabled us to make a presumptive clinical diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumonia before serologic test results were available and to start with the appropriate antibiotic (Erythromycin, Tetracycline) early in the course of the disease. Complement fixation tests with a titer of 1 : 20 and a fourfold rise over the next two weeks or an initial titer of 1 : 80 and above were considered significant for acute disease.
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PMID:[Mycoplasma pneumonias in childhood (author's transl)]. 83 54

One hundred and eleven children with Mycoplasma pneumonia infection were studied. Their mean age was 6.2 +/- 3.1 years. The two commonest symptoms were cough (98%) and fever (95%). Only 23% of children had cough of greater than one week's duration. Ninety one per cent had positive chest signs. Radiological abnormalities were seen in 95% of chest x-ray. Complications included dermatological (10%), pleural effusion (5%), neurological disorder (3%), septicaemia (1%), bronchiectasis (1%). Two children with Down's Syndrome died. A rare case of Mycoplasma bronchitis with Reye's Syndrome was observed.
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PMID:Mycoplasma infection in children. 130 60

A 20-year-old man had a fever and cough due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. He had no heart symptoms, but auscultation revealed an exceptionally loud third heart sound, suggesting cardiac involvement. Marked myocardial enzyme release, serial electrocardiographic ST-T changes, and transient increase in interventricular thickness and inferior wall hypokinesis at echocardiography supported the diagnosis of acute infectious myocarditis. Recovery was quick. This case shows that acute myocarditis with significant myocardial injury may pass without any subjective heart symptoms.
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PMID:A loud third heart sound and asymptomatic myocarditis during Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. 226 47

Epidemic respiratory tract infections occurred among elementary school children in Hiroshima prefecture during June, July and August, 1987. Forty (59%) of 68 children who were enrolled in an elementary school were confirmed to have respiratory diseases during this period, ten of whom were hospitalized with diagnoses of pneumonias. Diagnoses of M. pneumoniae infection were made from secretions obtained by throat swabs, and by serological studies of blood specimens. Twenty-four (77%) of the 31 patients examined were confirmed to have M. pneumoniae infections. Twenty-three of them had upper respiratory tract infections with cough and fever; two had pneumonia, one with myringitis. PPLO-broth, SP-4 broth and diphasic medium were used for M. pneumoniae isolation. Among these, SP-4 broth proved to have the highest isolation rate.
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PMID:[Respiratory tract infections due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae in elementary school children; a case report]. 251 7

During 3 trials, using affected pigs of various ages, tiamulin was evaluated for treatment of experimentally induced mycoplasmal pneumonia. Pneumonia was induced in respiratory tract disease-free swine by intratracheal inoculation of a lung homogenate containing Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. Eleven days after inoculation, when more than 20% of pigs were coughing, pigs were allotted to 3 or 4 groups (n = 8 pigs each) and were given regimens of no medication or 60 mg, 120 mg, or 180 mg of tiamulin/L of drinking water for 10 days. Twenty-one days after cessation of medication, pigs were euthanatized and then were necropsied. Results obtained from the 3 trials did not indicate significant difference among treatment groups in severity of macroscopic or microscopic lesions induced by M hyopneumoniae or in detection of M hyopneumoniae by use of immunofluorescent technique. Clinical evaluations, daily gain, and feed efficiency did not differ significantly among treatment groups. In this study, tiamulin administration did not have beneficial effects in swine with mycoplasmal pneumonia.
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PMID:Evaluation of tiamulin for treatment of mycoplasmal pneumonia in swine. 317 Mar 19

Antibiotics of tetracycline and macrolide groups are mainly used in treatment of Mycoplasma pneumonia. In this study, acetylspiramycin (ASPM), an antibiotic of macrolide group, was given to 15 cases of Mycoplasma pneumoniae who visited this institute during the period from January, 1980 to March, 1981, and its clinical effects and side effects were investigated. The therapeutic effects were evaluated by days to the normal body temperature, to improvement in cough and to improvement in X-ray findings. The increase in serum antibody value was adopted as the diagnostic index of Mycoplasma infection. The patients who entered into this study were 7 males and 8 females, ranged from 19 to 60 years of age with an average of 36.3 years. The daily dose of ASPM was 600 to 1,200 mg (potency), and the mean administration period was 18.1 days. The results obtained were as follows. 1. The temperature fell to the normal within 2 to 7 days. 2. Cough disappeared in 2 days at shortest and in 55 days at longest. The mean period of cough disappearance was 14.5 days. 3. In 10 cases who could be followed up, shadows in X-ray films disappeared in 3 days at shortest and in 40 days at longest. The mean period to shadow disappearance was 18.6 days. 4. As regards clinical effects, marked improvement was obtained in 2 cases, improvement in 9, slight improvement in 4, and no change in 0 (improvement rate: 73.3%). 5. As a side effect, nausea was found in 1 case, but it was improved by discontinuance of administration.
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PMID:[Experience in treatment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae with acetylspiramycin]. 641 Jan

We have examined 221 cases of mycoplasmal pneumonia in adults during the past 17 years. During this time epidemic waves occurred every three to four years. The incidence of disease was highest in patients 20 to 30 years of age. The most common clinical features were cough, fever, sputum, and rales. The most characteristic feature was a persistent cough which lasted about three to four weeks. Roentgenographic examinations showed a variety of patterns, but the most consistent feature was a feathery shadow, appearing in the lower field of either or both of the lungs. Lung function tests showed peripheral airway impairment. Although roentgenographic examination provided useful information, it could not be used as a pathognomic feature of mycoplasmal pneumonia. Tetracyclines were most effective for eliminating clinical symptoms, whereas the macrolides provided the best response based on roentgenographic evaluations.
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PMID:Clinical features of mycoplasmal pneumonia in adults. 667 46

Seven patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia presented with moderate to dense consolidation in one (in five patients) or more lobes. The diagnosis was suspected in five patients after failure to respond to 1 to 6 (average 2.6) antibiotics administered for 2 to 12 (average 7) days, and in one patient upon the development of hemolytic anemia. Clues to the diagnosis of nonbacterial pneumonia included a nonrespiratory viral-like prodromal period (in five), a nonproductive cough (in five), lack of rigors (in seven), recent "pneumonia" in family members (in ;three), normal total leukocyte and neutrophil counts (in six) and the absence of bacterial pathogens in smears and cultures of sputum (in all seven). The diagnosis of M. pneumoniae infection was supported by the presence of cold agglutinins (in a titre of 1.64 or greater) in ;the serum of five or six patients and was confirmed by diagnostic levels or increases in the titre of M. pneumoniae complement fixing antibodies. Awareness of the fact that M. pneumoniae can present as lobar consolidation and close attention to the clinical and laboratory data can usually suggest a nonbacterial cause and thus prevent delay in appropriate antibiotic treatment.
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PMID:Lobar pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae. 678 24


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