Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A renal transplant recipient was receiving prednisone and azathioprine therapy when he developed fever, cough, and erythema-nodosum-like lesions on the extremities. Disseminated histoplasmosis was diagnosed by skin biopsy. Disseminated histoplasmosis should be considered when a patient under immunosuppressive therapy develops a lesion similar to erythema nodosum or erysipelas with panniculitis.
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PMID:Disseminated histoplasmosis in an immunosuppressed patient. 32 2

Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a genetic disorder that manifests as pulmonary emphysema, liver cirrhosis and, rarely, as the skin disease panniculitis, and is characterized by low serum levels of AAT, the main protease inhibitor (PI) in human serum. The prevalence in Western Europe and in the USA is estimated at approximately 1 in 2,500 and 1 : 5,000 newborns, and is highly dependent on the Scandinavian descent within the population. The most common deficiency alleles in North Europe are PI Z and PI S, and the majority of individuals with severe AATD are PI type ZZ. The clinical manifestations may widely vary between patients, ranging from asymptomatic in some to fatal liver or lung disease in others. Type ZZ and SZ AATD are risk factors for the development of respiratory symptoms (dyspnoea, coughing), early onset emphysema, and airflow obstruction early in adult life. Environmental factors such as cigarette smoking, and dust exposure are additional risk factors and have been linked to an accelerated progression of this condition. Type ZZ AATD may also lead to the development of acute or chronic liver disease in childhood or adulthood: prolonged jaundice after birth with conjugated hyperbilirubinemia and abnormal liver enzymes are characteristic clinical signs. Cirrhotic liver failure may occur around age 50. In very rare cases, necrotizing panniculitis and secondary vasculitis may occur. AATD is caused by mutations in the SERPINA1 gene encoding AAT, and is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. The diagnosis can be established by detection of low serum levels of AAT and isoelectric focusing. Differential diagnoses should exclude bleeding disorders or jaundice, viral infection, hemochromatosis, Wilson's disease and autoimmune hepatitis. For treatment of lung disease, intravenous alpha-1-antitrypsin augmentation therapy, annual flu vaccination and a pneumococcal vaccine every 5 years are recommended. Relief of breathlessness may be obtained with long-acting bronchodilators and inhaled corticosteroids. The end-stage liver and lung disease can be treated by organ transplantation. In AATD patients with cirrhosis, prognosis is generally grave.
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PMID:Hereditary alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency and its clinical consequences. 1856 11

Biochemical profiles, PFGE typing and MLST analysis were used to investigate an outbreak of septicaemic pasteurellosis in a free-range pig farm in Spain. Signs of coughing, dyspnoea and a visible inflammation of the ventral area of the neck (jowl), which acquired a cyanotic and necrotic appearance, were the characteristic findings in affected animals, associated with a high morbidity (70%) and case mortality (95%). Diffuse, haemorrhagic and fibrinous pleuroneumonia and acute, focally extensive and haemorrhagic myositis and panniculitis were observed in the histopathological analysis from three analyzed animals. Pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida, capsular type B, biovar 13 was isolated in pure culture from lung, submandibular tissue (jowl), liver, spleen and kidney tissue from diseased pigs. After PFGE typing, all P. multocida isolates displayed undistinguishable macrorestriction patterns with Bsp120I restriction enzyme demonstrating that the infection was caused by a single strain. With the multihost P. multocida MLST database, all P. multocida isolates were assigned to the new sequence type ST47 which was highly related with other bovine isolates of P. multocida type B associated with haemorrhagic septicaemia. This is the first description of an outbreak of septicaemic pasteurellosis in free-range pigs associated with P. multocida type B of the unusual biovar 13. The communication and complete diagnosis of cases of swine septicaemia and the possible role of pigs as reservoirs of this new pathogen must be evaluated to determine the importance of this disease for pigs.
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PMID:Septicaemic pasteurellosis in free-range pigs associated with an unusual biovar 13 of Pasteurella multocida. 2401 40

We present the case of a-55-year-old female patient who presented with dry cough. High-resolution computed tomography chest revealed multiple nodules in both lungs. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) was done to look for the unknown primary. It showed hypermetabolic bilateral lung nodules, subcutaneous nodules involving lower limbs, an intramuscular nodule, enlarged paratracheal, and right axillary nodes. There was no primary tumor seen. The biopsy of subcutaneous nodule revealed panniculitis with the foreign body granuloma. Follow-up scans after 6 and 9 months showed spontaneous resolution of all lesions except for few right axillary nodes. There was no active treatment given, and the patient remains asymptomatic on follow-up. Here, PET/CT played a role in excluding a primary tumor, guiding the biopsy, and follow-up.
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PMID:Spontaneous Resolution of Idiopathic Panniculitis: Role of 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in Diagnosis and follow-up. 2996 27