Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Post-marketing surveillance in general practice represents an important part of the monitoring of adverse events associated with newly introduced drugs. Such a study of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril maleate has been undertaken in 11 710 patients with essential hypertension. Serious adverse events occurred in 1.7% of patients, though most of these were not thought to be related to the treatment. The incidence rates of death (0.09%), stroke (0.11%) and myocardial infarction (0.15%) were compatible with rates predicted from age, sex and blood pressure considerations. Other events reported were hypotension (0.3%), angioneurotic oedema (0.03%), rash (0.5%), taste disturbance (0.2%) and cough (1.0%). The degree of blood pressure reduction attained was similar to that previously reported from pre-marketing development studies, as was the overall nature and frequency of both serious and non-serious adverse events. The most frequently reported event during enalapril therapy was of an improvement in well-being (19.8%).
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PMID:Post-marketing surveillance of enalapril: experience in 11,710 hypertensive patients in general practice. 283 50

The radiologic appearance of atypical cardiogenic pulmonary edema (ACPE) is presented in 10 cases admitted from 1983 to 1985, with age ranges from 74 to 89, and with diagnosis of ischemic heart disease, with myocardial infarction in 50% of them. Clinically they had asthenia, adynamia and anorexia in 80%, cough and weight loss in 50%. All of them had tachycardia, pulmonary rales and 50% pericardial rub. ECG showed in 80% anterior subepicardial ischemia, 60% posteroinferior subepicardial ischemia, 60% bifascicular block, and 50% left anterior fascicular block. Chest films were interpreted at first as pulmonary fibrosis in 90% of the cases with superior lobe involvement in 50%. Heart enlargement was present in 50%. A chronic lung disease was disclosed on clinical and pulmonary physiological grounds. It is concluded that asthenia, adynamia and anorexia were atypical manifestations of heart failure in the elderly. Silent myocardial infarction was observed in half of our patients and it was complicated with pericardial involvement in 50%. Irregular distribution of fluids in pulmonary edema was attributed to anatomic changes in elder lung. These atypical behaviour of pulmonary edema, has been misinterpreted on radiologic basis with pulmonary infection, tumours, metastasis or fibrosis. Those radiologic changes disappeared or improved in 72 hrs. with treatment of left ventricular failure.
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PMID:[Radiologic characteristics of cardiogenic pulmonary edema in the elderly]. 296 66

Of 16 patients with bronchial adenoma who were operated on at Beilinson Medical Center from 1967 to 1980, only three presented the "triad" of cough, hemoptysis, and recurrent pulmonary infections. In two patients the tumor was diagnosed incidentally and in five patients histological evidence of adenoma was made during bronchoscopy. One patient died of myocardial infarction following reoperation for bleeding, and one patient was lost to follow-up. The remaining 14 patients were followed for 4 to 17 years without evidence of local recurrence or distant metastases. We conclude that the long-term prognosis of patients with bronchial adenoma is excellent, and limited surgical procedure should be the treatment of choice whenever possible.
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PMID:Bronchial adenoma: surgical experience with long-term follow-up (4-17 years). 298 75

A 54-year-old nonasthmatic man was found to have allergic granulomatosis and angiitis (AGA) (Churg-Strauss syndrome) with pulmonary lesions suggestive of diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) at autopsy. The patient, with initial symptoms of cough and sputum, developed progressive dyspnea, eosinophilia, emaciation, fever, mononeuritis multiplex and myocardial infarction. The hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) and DPB were suspected clinically. Corticosteroid therapy was not given at any time during the course. Autopsy revealed necrotizing, granulomatous angiitis affecting medium-sized arteries in many organs, extravascular granulomas in the interstitium of the heart and tissue infiltration by eosinophils. The heart showed widespread myocardial fibrosis and small foci of muscle fiber coagulation necrosis, which seemed to be the cause of death. In the lungs, the walls of respiratory bronchioles showed marked thickening with lymphocytic infiltration, lymph follicle formation and fibrosis. Accumulation of xanthoma cells was also observed. On the basis of the findings of clinical and pathological examinations, the patient was considered to have had DPB before the development of AGA.
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PMID:Allergic granulomatosis and angiitis (Churg-Strauss syndrome). Report of an autopsy case in a nonasthmatic patient. 321 17

Giant-cell or temporal arteritis is a generalized vasculitis that predominantly affects large- and medium-sized arteries in people over 50 years of age. The illness is commonly characterized by the initial symptoms of headache, temporal artery tenderness or pulselessness, musculoskeletal pain, fever, and fatigue. The most dreaded consequence of giant-cell arteritis is visual loss, which is usually irreversible on presentation. Giant-cell arteritis may present with unusual clinical manifestations such as lip, scalp, and tongue necrosis, carpal tunnel syndrome, claudication of the limbs, strokes, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, hematuria, cough, or other CNS symptoms. The etiology of the disease is unknown. Emergency physicians are usually familiar with the more common clinical symptoms but one must consider the unusual manifestations of the disease, because early recognition and initiation of therapy (steroids) decrease morbidity and can prevent blindness.
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PMID:Giant-cell arteritis. 379 80

Data on 13 baseline characteristics of 618 patients who had previously had a myocardial infarction and who had entered the Ontario Exercise-Heart Collaborative Study were analysed for their ability to predict recurrence of infarction within 3 years. These characteristics were age, serum levels of cholesterol and triglycerides, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, number of hours of competitive sports per week, number of hours of jogging per week, angina, type of occupation, smoking, cough and phlegm production, personality type and the number of previous infarctions. The characteristics showing independent statistical significance (p less than 0.05) were smoking and blue-collar occupation, with estimated adjusted relative odds of 2.3 and 2.1 respectively.
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PMID:Characteristics that predicted recurrence of infarction within 3 years in the Ontario Exercise-Heart Collaborative Study. 634 38

A 73-year-old man had been treated with cilostazol for antithrombotic therapy after a myocardial infarction. Seventy days after the start of cilostazol therapy, he developed dyspnea, dry cough, and fever. He was admitted to our hospital on April 13, 1923. Chest radiography and CT revealed a ground glass appearance. All drugs except isosorbide dinitrate were discontinued and he was treated with steroids under the presumptive diagnosis of drug-induced pneumonitis. Steroid therapy was effective. The result of a lymphocyte stimulation test was positive for cilostazol. Based on the above findings, cilostazol-induced pneumonitis was diagnosed. To our knowledge, there have been no previous reports of cilostazol-induced pneumonitis.
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PMID:[A case of cilostazol-induced pneumonitis]. 773 Nov 20

A 43-year-old female with old myocardial infarction and stenosed bypass grafts developed sustained Torsades de Pointes/ventricular flutter (rate = 300-400 beats per minute) during coronary arteriography after contrast injection to the diagonal graft. Cough-CPR (rate = 37/min) was started within 5 s of dysrhythmia initiation and continued through two defibrillation attempts (200 and 360 joules), and IV lidocaine was administered until return of spontaneous circulation 62 s later. The patient never lost consciousness during this very rapid dysrhythmia. Certain cardiac arrest resuscitation measures (namely, initial defibrillation attemps, IV lidocaine administration) can thus be initiated in a patient while performing cough-CPR and maintaining adequate cerebral perfusion. During the dysrhythmia with Cough-CPR: (a) aortic systolic pressures averaged 100 mmHg--this has commonly been observed in other reports, and (b) aortic diastolic pressures were always > or = 50 mmHg and averaged 63 mmHg, which has seldom been this high during cough-CPR. Dysrhythmia reversion occurred 4 s after the second defibrillation attempt and 80 msec after the peak of the highest cough-generated aortic pressure pulse (128 mmHg). Cough-induced ventricular tachycardia reversion has previously been reported; this may have acted in concert with electrical defibrillation to facilitate dysrhythmia reversion. The patient recovered without incident.
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PMID:Hemodynamics of cough cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a patient with sustained torsades de pointes/ventricular flutter. 798 90

We conducted a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter trial in order to evaluate the long-term effects of captopril (50 mg/day), digoxin (0.25 mg/day) and placebo on quality of life, cardiovascular events, clinical symptoms and exercise tolerance in patients with documented myocardial infarction, resulting in regional wall motion abnormalities, and with mild heart failure (NYHA class II to III without treatment) and exercise not limited by angina. 222 patients were studied, 63 were randomized to captopril, 66 to digoxin, 67 to placebo. Follow-up was conducted for two years. Base line characteristics in the three treatment groups were similar. After one year of therapy, digoxin had significantly improved general well-being (p < 0.01 vs captopril), symptom score (p < 0.05 vs captopril and placebo), and vitality (p < 0.05 vs captopril). Digoxin improved NYHA class in 45% as compared to placebo (28%, p < 0.05). Worsening of angina was more frequent with captopril as compared to digoxin (p < 0.05). However, cardiovascular events during follow-up were lower in the captopril group as compared to placebo and digoxin (p < 0.01 captopril vs placebo). No differences between groups were observed in baseline and follow-up exercise tolerance between the three groups. Dizziness during upright tilt and cough were more frequent with captopril as compared to digoxin or placebo. After two years of follow-up (captopril n = 32, digoxin n = 29, placebo n = 27) general well-being was improved with both digoxin and captopril (p < 0.004 and p < 0.03 vs placebo).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Captopril versus digoxin in patients with coronary artery disease and mild heart failure. A prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter study. The CADS Study Group. 812 24

The common symptoms of constrictive pericarditis, i.e. dyspnea on exertion, shortness of breath and cough, relate to impairment of ventricular filling and to a progressive rise in systemic and pulmonary venous pressures. Myocardial ischemia, angina and myocardial infarction are rarely associated with this disease. We have encountered two patients with constrictive pericarditis, one presenting with angina and the other with acute anterior wall infarction. Possible etiologies of constrictive pericarditis in the first case include cardiac surgery, chronic renal failure and myocarditis; in the second case, Crohn's disease. The proposed mechanism of chest pain in the first patient was a reduced cardiac output resulting in underperfusion of the coronary arteries, although it is possible that the patient experienced angina due to the presence of severe coronary artery disease. In the second patient an anterior wall infarction and post-infarction angina were attributed to obliteration of the left anterior descending artery by constraint of a thickened pericardium. In both cases non-invasive imaging modalities were not of use in establishing the diagnosis of constrictive pericarditis. Clinical awareness and accurate hemodynamic measurements continue to play a key role in the diagnostic process.
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PMID:Observations of angina and myocardial infarction in constrictive pericarditis. 831 45


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