Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 12 year old boy was admitted to hospital with fever, general malaise, cough and peripheral edema. The patient who have had rheumatic heart diseases-mitral insufficiency was found to be in congestive cardiac failure. In blood cultures Staphylococcus aureus and Alpha-hemolytic streptococcus grew. The regimens of Cephalothin-Gentamicin, Methicillin-Tobramicin, to which the organism were sensitive were given intravenously. On these therapy the patient continued to have fever. He was put on Trimethoprim-Sulfomethoxazole intramuscularly. He became afebril for the first time. After two weeks fever recurred. In spite of medical treatment, the infection persisted and the indication for surgery was considered. Mitral valve replacement with a Starr-Edwards prosthesis was carried out. Postoperatively, the patient was treated with TMP-SMZ. For the past 10 months the patient has remained afebril and without evidence of congestive heart failure.
 ...
PMID:[Treatment of infectious endocarditis with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and cardiac surgery]. 349 82

Eleven dogs with mitral regurgitation and severe cough were given hydralazine for reduction of systemic arterial pressure. The treatment was stopped and then restarted. Heart rates were measured and cough was assessed subjectively by the clients during each period. While the dogs were receiving hydralazine, heart rate and severity of cough decreased, when compared with periods either before or between treatments. Clinical improvement may have resulted from increased cardiac output or reduction in regurgitation. The improvement also may have resulted from effect on pulmonary function inasmuch as we had no evidence that the signs were a result of heart disease.
 ...
PMID:Clinical experience with hydralazine for treatment of otherwise intractable cough in dogs with apparent left-side heart failure. 709 75

Forty three year-old male who had cough and easy fatigability since three weeks prior to admission was diagnosed to have acute pulmonary edema with severe mitral regurgitation caused by active infective endocarditis. Transesophageal echocardiograms under the endotracheal intubation for controlled respiration suggested rupture of the posterior papillary muscle of the mitral valve and the emergency surgical treatment was performed. Intraoperatively the total rupture of the posterior papillary muscle was confirmed and mitral valve replacement was carried out with a SJM prosthetic valve. Histological examination of the ruptured papillary muscle revealed hemorrhage, muscle necrosis and small cell infiltration suggesting the presence of active inflammation with bacteria on it. Staphylococcus epidermidis was demonstrated by the bacteriological studies of the ruptured papillary muscle.
 ...
PMID:[Successful surgical treatment in a case of complete rupture of the posterior papillary muscle of the mitral valve caused by infective endocarditis]. 808 83

Mitral stenosis was diagnosed in 15 young to middle-aged dogs. There were 5 Newfoundlands and 4 bull terriers affected, suggesting a breed predisposition for this disorder. Clinical signs included cough, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, and syncope. Soft left apical diastolic murmurs were heard only in 4 dogs, whereas 8 dogs had systolic murmurs characteristic of mitral regurgitation. Left atrial enlargement was the most prominent radiographic feature. Left-sided congestive heart failure was detected by radiographs in 11 dogs within 1 year of diagnosis. Electrocardiographic abnormalities varied among dogs and included atrial and ventricular enlargement, as well as atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. Abnormalities on M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiograms included abnormal diastolic motion of the mitral valve characterized by decreased leaflet separation, valve doming, concordant motion of the parietal mitral valve leaflet, and a decreased E-to-F slope. Increased mitral valve inflow velocities and prolonged pressure half-times were detected by Doppler echocardiography. Cardiac catheterization, performed in 8 dogs, documented a diastolic pressure gradient between the left atrial, pulmonary capillary wedge, or pulmonary artery diastolic pressures and the left ventricular diastolic pressure. Necropsy showed mitral stenosis caused by thickened, fused mitral valve leaflets in 5 dogs and a supramitral ring in another dog. The outcome in affected dogs was poor; 9 of 15 dogs were euthanatized or died by 2 1/2 years of age.
 ...
PMID:Mitral stenosis in 15 dogs. 798 32

A 13-year-old girl was hit by a car and referred to our hospital because of progressive chest discomfort, cough, ECG abnormalities and sustained hypotension. 2-D/Doppler echocardiography recorded on admission demonstrated ventricular septal perforation with L-R shunt and mitral regurgitation due to rupture of the posterior papillary muscle and its adjacent myocardium. Patch closure of the ventricular septal perforation and fixation of the papillary muscle were performed. In five years after surgery, the patient is doing well with no echocardiographic evidence of mitral regurgitation.
 ...
PMID:[Blunt cardiac trauma resulting in ventricular septal perforation and mitral regurgitation due to papillary muscle rupture--a case report]. 845 31

A 38-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for detailed examination of fever, cough and yellow sputum. At the age of 32, be had mitral prosthesis for the first time, because of mitral regurgitation due to mitral valve prolapse. Four years previously, he had again undergone mitral prosthetic valve replacement due to prosthetic valve endocarditis due to staphylococcus epidemidis. This occasion, staphylococcus aureus was isolated by arterial blood culture. Transesophageal echocardiography detected vegetation attached to the mitral prosthetic valve and paravalvular leakage. The diagnosis was prosthetic valve endocarditis. He underwent a third mitral prosthetic valve replacement. Detection of the source of infection was difficult only by transthoracic echocardiography, and immediate transesophageal echocardiography seemed mandatory to diagnose bacterial endocarditis.
 ...
PMID:[Mitral prosthetic valve replaced twice due to repeated prosthetic valve endocarditis: a case report]. 921 Nov 15

Benazepril (BP), an angiotensin convertive enzyme inhibitor, was administered orally once daily for 4 weeks to 31 dogs with mild to moderate (NYHA functional classes II and III) congestive heart failure caused from mitral insufficiency (MI). There were no significant changes in clinical signs, electrocardiogram findings, radiographical observations and plasma biochemical results in 11 dogs treated with placebo for 4 weeks. In 31 dogs treated with BP, appetite increased, and mean scores of heart failure signs, such as activity, exercise tolerance, cough and respiratory effort, were significantly improved. No dog displays signs suggesting systemic hypotension. One dog died suddenly on the 26th day of treatment with BP. This dog had good vigor and appetite till the evening before the death, and cough and exercise tolerance had been gradually improving. The heart rate and ECG parameters of BP treated dogs did not change significantly, but length of long axis of the heart decreased. In plasma biochemical tests, plasma urea nitrogen (UN) levels did not change significantly, and plasma creatinine (CRE) levels increased slightly within the normal ranges during BP trial. Two dogs had higher plasma UN levels with slightly higher plasma CRE levels, but had normal general condition and other biochemical results. Plasma ACE activity decreased to 57.3% of pre-treatment level at 4 weeks after BP treatment. It is concluded that BP monotherapy was efficacious at least in dogs with relatively low grade congestive heart failure caused by MI.
 ...
PMID:Efficacy of monotherapy with benazepril, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, in dogs with naturally acquired chronic mitral insufficiency. 927 44

Twenty-two cases of cardiac myxomas were reviewed. The patients were 8 men and 14 women ranging in age from 12 to 73 (mean: 50.8 +/- 16. 6) at operation. They suffered from dyspnea, palpitation, and cough, similar to mitral disease symptoms, and cerebral emboli in 6 patients (30%) with left atrial myxomas. Echocardiography, especially transesophageal, was useful in diagnosing cardiac tumors and location. In 20 cases, tumors were at the left atrium and at the right in 2. Left atrial myxomas were approached through a septal incision in 17 cases; a large circular incision of the biatrium was used in 3 patients with large tumors or mitral regurgitation. Left atrial myxomas were attached to the atrial septum in 17 cases, the posterior wall of the left atrium in 2, and near the posterior commissure of the mitral valve in 1. Right atrial myxomas were attached to the atrial septum in 1 and posterior wall beside the inferior vena cava in 1. Resected myxomas weighed from 10 to 90 (mean: 39.1 +/- 19.1) g. No correlation was seen between features such as neurologic symptoms, feeding artery on coronary angiography, or functional status and tumor weight. No recurrence was seen.
 ...
PMID:Surgical treatment of 22 cardiac myxomas: A review. 1041 59

A 52-year-old woman with a 3-week history of fever and cough was diagnosed as having bacterial endocarditis with vegetation and severe mitral valve insufficiency by echocardiography. Blood culture revealed Streptococcus mitis. After antibiotic treatment for 3 weeks, the patient noticed swelling with pain in her left groin. Computed tomography revealed an occluded aneurysm in the left common femoral artery. Simultaneous surgical treatments of mitral valve replacement and bypass grafting using a saphenous vein following resection of the mycotic femoral arterial aneurysm were performed. Pathohistological examination of surgical specimens revealed acute inflammatory findings, but no microorganisms were found, probably because of the preoperative antibiotic therapy. Her postoperative course was uneventful, and there was no recurrence of mycotic aneurysms in a period of 10 months after the operation. Prompt recognition and urgent simultaneous surgical treatments for mycotic aneurysms complicated with infective endocarditis were effective.
 ...
PMID:Simultaneous mitral valve replacement and bypass grafting for mycotic aneurysm of the femoral artery during the active phase of infective endocarditis: a case report. 1188 81

A 77-year-old man was in good health until he complained of fatigue 3 weeks before presentation. Two weeks before admission, he developed gradually worsening shortness of breath. One week before admission, he developed a cough that initially was nonproductive but later was associated with hemoptysis.His past medical history was remarkable for a history of colon cancer (Dukes' stage III), for which he underwent a hemicolectomy and treatment with adjuvant chemotherapy in 1993. He had a myocardial infarction in 1986 and underwent coronary artery bypass surgery in 1999. He also had a history of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and gout. He smoked in the past but had stopped more than 30 years ago.He was initially evaluated by his primary care physician, who noted that he complained of diaphoresis but denied fevers, chills, or contact with others who were ill. His physical examination was remarkable for bilateral crackles that were more pronounced on the right. A chest radiograph demonstrated bilateral pulmonary infiltrates (Figure 1). He was treated with amoxicillin. The next day, however, his physician noted that his dyspnea had worsened and that his oxygen saturation on room air was poor. He was therefore admitted for further evaluation. The amoxicillin was discontinued, and he was treated with levofloxacin, followed by ceftriaxone and azithromycin as his pulmonary status continued to deteriorate. He received intravenous diuretic agents, which failed to improve his respiratory status. During the initial phase of hospitalization, he was anemic, with a hematocrit of 21.3%. His serum creatinine level, which had been 1.0 mg/dL in 1999, was now 2.5 mg/dL. Urinalysis was remarkable for the presence of numerous red blood cells. His oxygen requirement increased, and he eventually required a 100% nonrebreather mask. A computed tomographic scan of the chest demonstrated prominent alveolar opacities throughout the right upper, middle, and lower lobes, with similar opacities in the left upper and left lower lobes (Figure 2). An echocardiogram showed an ejection fraction of 50%, as well as mild mitral regurgitation. Serologies were remarkable for an antinuclear antibody titer of 1:320 and a P-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (P-ANCA) titer of greater than 1:320. C-ANCA was negative. Anti-glomerular basement membrane and anti-human immunodeficiency virus antibodies were undetectable.
 ...
PMID:Cases from the medical grand rounds of the Osler Medical Service at Johns Hopkins University. 1207 15


1 2 3 Next >>