Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A retrospective study was conducted at the Childrens Hospital Center at Jackson Memorial Hospital in Miami, FL, to evaluate the natural history of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in nine children with vertically acquired human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. The patients' ages ranged from 6 months to 7 years (median age, 42 months). Common presenting symptoms included prolonged fever, cough and anorexia. Only one patient had a positive tuberculin test. Five patients evidenced only pulmonary disease, three patients had pulmonary and extrapulmonary disease and one patient developed extrapulmonary tuberculosis (mastoiditis) and pulmonary interstitial disease that could not be attributed to mycobacterial infection because of lack of information. Organisms isolated before January, 1989, were susceptible to isoniazid and rifampin whereas isolates from three patients cultured after that time were resistant to multiple antituberculosis drugs. The median survival time after M. tuberculosis diagnosis for all children was 20 months. Our study suggests that children with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection who have tuberculosis have an increased risk for extrapulmonary disease. A high index of suspicion for the diagnosis of M. tuberculosis should be maintained in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected children with prolonged fever and respiratory symptoms. In areas of high endemicity of multidrug-resistant organisms, therapy with a broader panel of drugs may need to be instituted until susceptibility testing becomes available.
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PMID:Mycobacterium tuberculosis in children with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. 145 38

In order to increase the awareness of otolaryngologists of severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome (SCIDS) so they may contribute to an earlier diagnosis of this disorder, we performed a retrospective chart review of a multicenter series from 2 children's hospital medical centers. Eighteen cases were identified, and 14 had an otolaryngological presentation. The average age of presentation was 3.3 months, and 72% were males. Most cases were inherited in an X-linked fashion. Five patients had thrush; 4 had recurrent otitis media. Other otolaryngological presentations included cough, mouth ulcers, pharyngitis, mastoiditis, and bilateral neck abscess. The most severe form of immunodeficiency, SCIDS is a rare condition that involves a disorder in both T and B cell functions. The manifestations involving the head and neck include recurrent upper respiratory tract infections, otitis media, thrush, oral ulcers, and abscesses. It is important that SCIDS be considered in any infant with recurrences of these common infections.
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PMID:Severe combined immunodeficiency: otolaryngological presentation and management. 1021 90

Skull base osteomyelitis (SBO) is difficult to diagnose when a patient presents with multiple cranial nerve palsies but no obvious infectious focus. There is no report about SBO with septic pulmonary embolism. A 51-yr-old man presented to our hospital with headache, hoarseness, dysphagia, frequent choking, fever, cough, and sputum production. He was diagnosed of having masked mastoiditis complicated by SBO with multiple cranial nerve palsies, sigmoid sinus thrombosis, and septic pulmonary embolism. We successfully treated him with antibiotics and anticoagulants alone, with no surgical intervention. His neurologic deficits were completely recovered. Decrease of pulmonary nodules and thrombus in the sinus was evident on the follow-up imaging one month later. In selected cases of intracranial complications of SBO and septic pulmonary embolism, secondary to mastoiditis with early response to antibiotic therapy, conservative treatment may be considered and surgical intervention may be withheld.
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PMID:A case of atypical skull base osteomyelitis with septic pulmonary embolism. 2173 54

A 22-year-old male with recurrent periods of coughing and nasal discharge was unable to work and cooperate. A bronchoscopy revealed high amounts of leucocytes and no eosinofils, acute inflammation and > 105/ml Streptococcus pneumoniae susceptible to penicillin. The symptoms relapsed after penicillin and at the age of 24 the patient was CT-scanned which revealed bilateral sinusitis, mastoiditis and bronchiectasis. Treatment with azithromycin and a weight loss programme (from 156 kg) improved the health of the patient, who was an orangutan. This highlights the benefit of cooperation between medical doctors and veterinarians.
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PMID:[Recurrent periods of respiratory tract infections in a 22-year-old]. 2549 81

Lemierre's syndrome is a rare disease of the head and neck, characterized by an initial infection, usually within the oropharynx, which can develop into a septic thrombophlebitis. It can involve the jugular vein, facial veins and respiratory tract. A 7-year-old child attended our institution with a 1-week history of fever and cough. Initial imaging demonstrated a large left sided empyema with multiple cavitating lung lesions and persisting pneumothoraces secondary to the development of a bronchopleural fistula. There was no clinical improvement, despite an initial course of antibiotics. A contrast enhanced computed tomography (CT) of the head and neck revealed left mastoiditis, multiple cerebral abscesses and thrombus within the left internal jugular vein. Antibiotic therapy was modified. The empyema was surgically drained and bronchopleural fistula repaired. This case illustrates an atypical presentation of Lemierre's syndrome in a child, with respiratory complications secondary to septic emboli.
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PMID:Lemierre syndrome: a diagnostic dilemma in paediatric patients. 2930 5