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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Squirrel monkeys were inoculated by the intratracheal inoculation of 700 Klebsiella pneumoniae organisms and developed lobar pneumonia in about 24 h. Characteristic clinical findings were fever, anorexia, and coughing. Laboratory findings included leukocytosis or leukopenia (with the latter more prominent in ultimately fatal infections), bacteremia, and shedding of bacteria into the pharynx. Infected monkeys showed increased plasma lysozyme activity as well as increased plasma ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin and alpha1-antitrypsin. The mortality rate was 60%, and the mean time of death was 50.5 h. Pathologically, the disease spread by means of Kohn's pores and other pathways that generally did not involve airways as a means of dissemination until about 30 h. Squirrel monkeys seem to be better models for human respiratory K. pneumoniae infection than rats or mice.
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PMID:Nonhuman primate model for the study of respiratory Klebsiella pneumoniae infection. 10 26

A 40-year-old woman who had recently undergone kidney transplantation was succesfully treated for diffuse influenza virus pneumonia. The illness was acute, with rapid onset, high fever, nonproductive cough, dyspnea, cyanosis, crepitations and rales over both lung bases, and associated arterial hypoxemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. Prophylactic use of antibiotics to prevent superimposed bacterial infection and reduction of immunosuppressive therapy to minimal dosage during the critical phase of the respiratory infection contributed to the patient's survival. An episode of graft rejection was reversed by resumption of immunosuppressive therapy at standard dosage levels.
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PMID:Influenza virus pneumonia after renal transplant. 32 48

To determine whether a model could be established for laboratory investigations, nine squirrel monkeys were inoculated intratracheally with 10(7) median egg-infectious doses of influenza virus type A/New Jersey/8/76 (HSW1N1) (swine influenza virus). They responded with clinically detectable illness including fever, leukopenia, decreased food consumption, increased respiratory rate, occasional coughing, labored breathing, nasal discharge, and lethargy. Convalescence was well advanced by the day 10. All monkeys excreted virus for 7 to 8 days. A scoring procedure (illness score) has been developed for use in studies of vaccine and chemotherapeutic efficacy.
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PMID:Reaction of squirrel monkeys to intratracheal inoculation with influenza/A/New Jersey/76 (swine) virus. 40 21

Parasite-free pony foals (n = 10) were infected orally with 1000,000 Parascaris equorum embryonated eggs. One pony foal each was euthanatized on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 16, 23, 27, 42, or 80 after infection. Foals infected for more than 7 days showed signs of coughing, anorexia, rough coat, and weight loss. Cellular changes in the blood were mild anemia, marked eosinophilia, and leukopenia. Gross postmortem lesions included hemorrhage, edema, and white-to-yellow necrotic foci (0.5 to 1.00 mm) in lungs, liver, and bronchial and hepatic lymph nodes. Microscopically, the liver was hemorrhagic and had focal necrosis and eosinophilic granulomas. Eosinophilic lymphadenitis with edema was in the hepatic and bronchial lymph nodes. The lungs had focal areas of necrosis with hemorrhage and interstitial pneumonia with hyalinization of the alveolar walls. Larvae were first seen in the liver at postinfection hour 24 and in the lungs on postinfection day (PID) 11. Average length of larvae in the liver was 1 mm and 2.5 mm in the lungs. Larvae were not found in the liver after PID 11 or in the lungs after PID 42. The migratory pathway of P equorum was similar to that of Ascaris lumbricoides because the larvae migrated via lymph and blood vessels to the liver and then to the lungs. After migrating through the lungs, the larvae were coughed up and swallowed and then developed in the small intestine.
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PMID:Pathologic changes and pathogenesis of Parascaris equorum infection in parasite-free pony foals. 67 34

A 21-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of high fever, cough, and headache. Other clinical manifestations included hepatosplenomegaly, anemia, leukopenia, and mild liver dysfunction. As she had been diagnosed to have systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) previously, we first suspected that this disease had become exacerbated. However, the titers of anti-EB virus (VCA-IgG) and some other viruses were high on admission, and hemophagocytosis by macrophages was observed on bone marrow examination. Therefore, she was diagnosed to have virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (VAHS). Prednisolone therapy was then initiated, but the patient responded poorly. We next tried gamma globulin, and the clinical findings and laboratory data were improved. Our patient showed a very favourable clinical course following gamma globulin therapy, suggesting that steroid and gamma globulin should be considered as a treatment even in the early stages of this syndrome in adults.
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PMID:[Steroid and gamma globulin therapy against virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome]. 127 36

This report reviews the manifestations in fifteen children of proved adenoviral pneumonia. Patients' ages ranged from 43 days to 4 years and 1 month. Twelve cases were younger than 2 years old. Adenoviral infections were proved by positive viral cultures or a four-fold increase of the complement fixation titer. Prolonged fever and cough were found in all cases. In 13 patients, respiratory distress occurred; 5 needed mechanical ventilation. Injected throats, conjunctivae and ear drums were common. Other clinical pictures included abdominal discomfort, hepatomegaly, skin rash, convulsion and bleeding tendency. Abnormal laboratory findings were mild anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein, impaired liver function test, and prolonged prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time. Anemia (11 cases), leukopenia (7 cases) and elevated transaminases levels (7 cases) were more common than previously reported. All patients had para-hilar peribronchial infiltrates in chest roentgenography. Segmental atelectasis and compensated hyper-expansion were found frequently. Pleural effusion were noted in six of our cases. Air leak syndrome occurred in three patients who had received mechanical ventilation. Three of the 15 patients expired: one had a preceding measles infection, all had disseminated intravascular coagulopathy. For patients with antibiotic-resistant pneumonia, adenoviral studies should be done. Extrapulmonary manifestations, and some abnormal laboratory findings, i.e., mild anemia, leukopenia, impaired liver function are clues to adenoviral infections, while bleeding tendency can be regarded as a poor prognostic sign for children with adenoviral pneumonia.
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PMID:Adenoviral pneumonia in children. 132 94

Ten patients with corticosteroid-dependent asthma were treated with long-term and low dose methotrexate (MTX) for its corticosteroid-sparing effect. The average age was 51.2 years (ranged 24 to 67). Three were women. Despite the use of maximal doses of bronchodilators, their daily prednisolone dosages were always more than 10 mg during an average period of 2.75 years (ranged 1 to 6 years). Following the use of oral MTX, 15mg weekly from more than 6 months (averaged 11.8 months; ranged 6 to 15 months), the average daily requirement of prednisolone decreased from 14.5 to 6.5 mg (p < 0.01). Among them, four did not need steroid and the other six had a marked subjective improvement in breathing, cough and nocturnal dyspnea. However, three of them could not have steroid dose reduced. As for adverse reactions to MTX in ten patients, two patients had nausea and vomiting, two had skin eruption, three had somnolence, and one had elevated sGOT (78 U/L). The adverse effects were all transient. Neither oral ulcer, nor leukopenia was found among them. This study suggests long-term low dose oral MTX may have a steroid-sparing effect in steroid-dependent asthmatic patients. Their adverse effects were mild and transient.
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PMID:[Long term and low dose treatment with methotrexate in corticosteroid-dependent asthma--two-year clinical experience]. 134 43

A 59-year-old male was admitted to our hospital in Jan. 1991 with complaints of general malaise and palpitation. Laboratory findings on admission showed anemia, thrombocytopenia and leukopenia consisted of 2.0% myeloblasts with Auerbodies. The bone marrow study showed granuloid hyperplasia with 45.5% myeloblasts. The diagnosis of acute myeloblastic leukemia (M1) was made. After BHAC-AMP therapy, he obtained complete remission. However, he complained of fever and cough, and his chest X ray film showed a focal infiltrative shadow in the right upper lung field. Antibiotics for bacteria and fungus were administered and the abnormal shadow improved in a week. However, as he had hemosputum, the bronchoscopic examination was performed, and multiple ulcers covered by yellow-white tissue were revealed on the wall of the trachea and bilateral main bronchi. Biopsy specimens obtained by transbronchial biopsy showed bronchial aspergillosis. Though intravenous infusion and inhalation of amphotericin B were effective for aspergillosis, he had a relapse of the leukemia and died in autumn, 1991.
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PMID:[A case of tracho-bronchial aspergillosis complicated with acute myeloblastic leukemia]. 140 19

Disseminated histoplasmosis (DH) is recognized as an opportunistic infection in patients with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), especially in regions where histoplasmosis is endemic. At the Kansas University Medical Center 148 patients were hospitalized with the diagnosis of AIDS from December 1983 to March 1991; 23 of these patients (16%) had disseminated histoplasmosis. The charts of these 23 patients were reviewed. Clinical signs and symptoms included fever (91%), cough (65%), and weight loss (48%). Splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, or lymphadenopathy was present in 52% of all patients. Anemia (39%), leukopenia (65%), and thrombocytopenia (52%) were common, and 22% had pancytopenia. Diagnosis was made by peripheral smear examinations (organisms visualized on 7 of 22 smears [32%]), blood cultures (positive for H capsulatum in 16 of 20 patients, [80%]), bone marrow cultures (positive in 14 of 15 patients, [93%]), and bone marrow aspirate and biopsy examinations (organisms seen on 18 of 21 stains, [86%]). The combination of these four tests revealed the diagnosis of DH in 23 of 23 patients (100%). Induction and maintenance amphotericin B therapy was given to all but 2 patients, and currently 8 of the 23 are alive. DH is a common opportunistic infection in AIDS patients from regions endemic for histoplasmosis. When DH is suspected, a peripheral smear examination, blood cultures, bone marrow cultures and bone marrow aspirate and biopsy should be done to make the diagnosis, since suppression of the disease is possible with appropriate therapy.
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PMID:Disseminated histoplasmosis in patients with AIDS. 147 Sep 57

A 27-year-old nonsmoking woman complained of cough and chest oppression for two years since an episode of pneumonia. Clinical tests showed decrease in FEV1.0 during attacks of coughing and evidence of bronchial hypersensitivity. While these events fitted the picture of bronchial asthma, the nonwheezing cough suggested cough variant asthma. Antinuclear antibody and anti-ds DNA antibody were increased and leukopenia was recognized, suggesting the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Bronchoalveolar lavage showed lymphocytic alveolitis and decreased T4/T8. These results were suggestive of collagen lung induced by SLE. Inhalation challenge with capsaicin and rapid intravenous injection of lobelin and alinamin indicated that peripheral c-fiber receptors were involved in the induction of coughing. We conclude that the peripheral lesion of collagen lung stimulates the peripheral c-fiber receptors, leading to cough variant asthma.
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PMID:[Case report of collagen lung in SLE presenting with cough variant asthma: relation between the localization of responsible receptors and cough]. 156 25


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