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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Larynx resistance changes during the respiratory cycle at rest and after mechanical stimulation of the epithelium on different zones of the upper airways (extrathoracic trachea, glottis, nasopharynx) were studied in the dog by isolated glottis in situ technique. In reposed breathing, the increase in larynx resistance always started when inspiratory airflow reached its maximum value. Resistance remained high during expiration and had its lowest value when expiratory airflow decreased towards zero. The electromyogram reading for the abdominal muscle evinced low or no activity during the smaller larynx resistance period. The extrathoracic trachea mechanical stimulation with cough response was determined by a significant decrease of larynx resistance. There was also a significant increase in expiratory airflow and abdominal pressure. Inspiratory and expiratory total lung resistance values were both significantly increased with regard to reposed breathing. Mechanical larynx stimulation determined reflexive closing of the glottis, expiratory apnea, minimal abdominal pressure. No potentials were formed in the expiratory abdominal electromyogram. The response was similar to a spontaneous swallowing. Larynx resistance reached its minimal value before the expiratory airflow reached zero. Mechanical nasopharyngeal stimulation significantly increased larynx resistance.
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PMID:[Larynx resistance produced by upper respiratory airways stimulation (author's transl)]. 74 Oct 69

Larynx resistance changes have been studied in the dog by means of in situ isolated glottis technique. Bronchiolar tone changed through isoprenaline and histamine administration, and after recurrent and vagus nerve bilateral section. Isoprenaline administration (0.1 mg/kg) was followed by larynx resistance decrease, expiratory duration increase, and expiratory abdominal pressure decrease with regard to respiration preceded by rest. Cough response by mechanical tracheal stimulation and glottis closing by larynx stimulation were abolished after isoprenaline administration. Histamine administration (0.1 mg/kg) was followed by larynx resistance increase, expiratory duration decrease, expiratory abdominal pressure increase, and expiratory abdominal pressure/maximum expiratory airflow relation increase. Larynx resistance decreased after recurrent nerve bilateral section, and increased later when vagus nerves were sectioned.
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PMID:[Bronchopulmonary influences in larynx resistance (author's transl)]. 74 Oct 70

The larynx normally functions in vocalization, deglutition, and respiration. There is no substitute for direct laryngoscopy in animals suspected of having laryngeal disease. Clinical signs that should alert the veterinarian include cough, choking while eating or drinking, exertional cyanosis and syncope, noisy breathing, inspiratory dyspnea, stridor, and significant change in sound production. Controlled anesthesia is mandatory for animals with suspected laryngeal disease because many of these patients have compromised respiratory function. Laryngoscopy is used to note abnormalities in the shape, color, and motility of the larynx with special attention to correlating the movement of the arytenoid cartilages and vocal folds with the respiratory cycle.
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PMID:Laryngoscopy. 223 71

An entirely satisfactory and physiologic solution to adduct paralyzed vocal cord during phonation, coughing, and swallowing has not yet been achieved. The authors noticed that velopharyngeal closure takes place simultaneously with adduction of vocal cords in order to perform phonation, coughing, and swallowing. We devised a new laryngeal pacing system to adduct the paralyzed vocal cord, utilizing velopharyngeal closure under magnetic control. Two mongrel dogs were anesthetized and the interior of the larynx was exposed using a Lynch suspension laryngoscope. A small magnet wrapped by thin Silastic was inserted into the nasal side of the soft palate via a small incision. After making a vertical midline neck incision, the pharynx was dissected and the Gaussmeter probe was inserted into the retropharyngeal space. The Gaussmeter probe was connected to the Gaussmeter and finally to the pacemaker. Electrodes were inserted into the paralyzed adductor laryngeal intrinsic muscles via punctures of the cricothyroid membrane. When the pacing system operated, arbitrarily elevated soft palate to the posterior pharyngeal wall brought about an abrupt increase in magnetic force and thus obvious adduction of the paralyzed vocal cords could be seen.
Auris Nasus Larynx 1989
PMID:Magnetic control for the vocal cord adduction in the canine. 260 17

Patients with long-standing habit cough having no organic basis can be successfully treated with a combination of psychotherapy and speech therapy. Techniques for speech therapy are adapted from those used with hyperfunctional voice disorders to fit this debilitating laryngeal disorder.
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PMID:Voice therapy techniques adapted to treatment of habit cough: a pilot study. 318 84

A case of nasopharyngeal teratoma with the appearance of a hairy polyp in one month old infant is presented. The patient had a previous history of recurrent attacks of cough, dyspnea and cyanosis on being fed or in a certain body position (prone). The prone position shifted the tip of the tumor with its long stalk over the entrance of the larynx followed by upper airway obstruction. Prompt surgical extirpation prevented the risk of succeeding fatal respiratory event. This uncommon congenital teratoma arising from the nasopharynx should be taken into consideration in differential diagnosis of neonatal or infantile upper respiratory distress.
Auris Nasus Larynx 1980
PMID:Nasopharyngeal teratoma.--Report of a case. 744 94

The larynx of the dog and cat controls the air flow to the lungs and prevents food or fluid from entering the airway during swallowing. Also, the larynx is important for vocalization and generating the explosive force necessary to expel material from the airways during the cough reflex. This article discusses the diagnosis and management of laryngeal disease in the dog and cat.
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PMID:Diagnosis and management of laryngeal disease in the dog and cat. 781 89

Surgical treatment of petrous cholesteatoma is difficult, especially in infected cases, since it often involves vital structures. We report the case of a patient successfully treated for an infected petrous cholesteatoma by staging the surgical procedures to reduce the risk of intracranial complications. The patient, a 53-year-old man, was referred to our hospital because of vertigo during coughing or strenuous effort. The left side mastoid cavity was open to the external ear canal and wholly covered with cholesteatoma epithelium with purulent discharge. The superior basal turn of the cochlea, superior and posterior semicircular canals, and roof of the internal auditory canal were eroded. Conservative treatment was not effective in eradicating the otorrhea. Four weeks after the first operation (radical mastoidectomy), the second operation was conducted following a combined middle cranial fossa and transmastoid approach. The postoperative course was uneventful. Normal facial nerve function was preserved and unsteadiness disappeared, but hearing could not be preserved. The MRI examination, performed one year after surgery, did not reveal any evidence of residual cholesteatoma.
Auris Nasus Larynx 1995
PMID:A case of acquired petrous cholesteatoma associated with insidious middle ear infection treated by staging the surgical procedures. 856 1

A 28-year-old man who manifested subcutaneous emphysema extending from the skull base and face to the chest, mediastinum and spinal epidural space following severe coughing caused by acute bronchitis is reported. Subcutaneous emphysema is a manifestation of non-surgical intrathoracic pathophysiology. In this patient percutaneous diagnostic peritoneal lavage resulted in the release of a large quantity of air and was negative for bleeding or contamination. No treatment other than antibiotics was prescribed. In this report, computer tomography study successfully demonstrated the areas of massive subcutaneous emphysema and the disappearance of the entrapped air, that might be absorbed into the tissues in the occupied sites within 7 days, except the air of epidural space, of a patient who manifested as a consequence of severe coughing caused by acute bronchitis.
Auris Nasus Larynx 1995
PMID:Massive subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum, and spinal epidural emphysema as complications of violent coughing: a case report. 856 4

A patient with a giant polypoid tumor of the esophagus, measuring 22 cm in length is described in this report. The patient presented with cough attacks and respiratory distress. Diagnostic and therapeutic intervention required aggressive airway management, radiographic and endoscopic evaluation, and definitive surgical treatment. Benign esophageal tumors are rarely seen and originate from the upper third of esophagus, frequently close to the cricopharyngeus muscle. They may attain giant proportions. A variety of clinical presentations are described, the most serious being asphyxia secondary to laryngeal obstruction. We observed a giant esophageal tumor which was interpreted as angiofibromyolipoma that caused laryngeal obstruction. We present the clinical picture and histopathological findings of the tumor.
Auris Nasus Larynx 2000 Oct
PMID:Giant polypoid tumor of the esophagus. 1099 98


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