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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Primary pulmonary tumors are infrequent in childhood, therefore an accurate diagnosis and treatment is often delayed. We review the English language literature and report the clinical and pathological features of eight tumors arising in the lungs of pre-adolescent children, accessioned between 1960 and 1991 in the pathology department of a children's hospital in South Africa. The ratio of pulmonary primary tumors to secondary neoplasms and to non-neoplastic lesions of the lung examined during this period was 1:5:60. Over the last 31 years we received three plasma cell granulomas, two pleuro-pulmonary blastomas, a mucoepidermoid carcinoma, an endobronchial fibrosarcoma, and a hemangioma. All patients presented with cough unresponsive to medical treatment. The incidence and spread of primary lung tumors in children was similar to that reported from other centers. Plasma cell granuloma is the most common primary tumor in the lungs of children. Aggressive behavior is most frequently encountered with pleuro-pulmonary blastoma and rhabdomyosarcoma, and because of their association with cystic lesions careful examination of lungs is required in such cases. Most other malignant neoplasms, such as muco-epidermoid carcinoma and primary fibrosarcoma, are usually of a low grade of malignancy. A decreasing incidence of bronchogenic carcinoma seems to be reported during the first two decades of life.
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PMID:Primary pulmonary tumors in childhood: a review of 31 years' experience and the literature. 133 97

A specific entity known as a subglottic hemangioma may present in a six to 12-week-old baby with gradual onset of a two-way stridor. A cough may be present. The voice and feeding may be normal, until severe airway obstruction occurs. A barium swallow with fluoroscopy should be performed by a radiologist or technician experienced with babies to rule out other lesions such as a vascular ring. Direct examination is then performed using a 3.0 mm Storz-Hopkins bronchoscope under general anesthetic as a method of choice. Other methods are discussed. Ideal treatment is probably best undertaken in a large center, using a carbon dioxide laser through a subglottiscope again under general anesthesia with the child breathing spontaneously. Airway support may be necessary at any stage. Alternative treatments are discussed.
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PMID:Subglottic hemangioma: a practical approach. 149 84

A study of 18 cases of mediastinal hemangiomas is presented. The patients were eight women and 10 men between the ages of newborn to 74 years. Clinically, the most common symptoms included dyspnea, cough, and chest pain. In one patient the mediastinal hemangioma was associated with another hemangioma in the gastrointestinal tract and presented initially with gastrointestinal bleeding. Four patients were asymptomatic. Anatomically, 14 tumors were located in the anterior mediastinum and four in the posterior mediastinum. Surgical resection was the treatment of choice for all patients. Grossly, the lesions were described as well circumscribed, cystic, hemorrhagic tumors that ranged in size from 2 cm to 20 cm in diameter. Histologically, the tumors were divided into two groups, one showing the features of capillary hemangioma characterized by a lobular and solid growth pattern featuring dilated small vessels and a solid proliferation of endothelial cells and another group showing the features of cavernous hemangioma characterized by large dilated vascular spaces with areas showing interstitial inflammatory changes, fibrosis, and smooth muscle proliferation. A few tumors were characterized by prominent regressive changes, including stromal hyalinization, dystrophic ossification, cystic and perivascular myxoid changes, and extensive fatty overgrowth. Some of the tumors showed extreme cellularity with virtual obliteration of vascular lumina due to compression by tumor cells and focal mitotic activity similar to that observed in cutaneous juvenile hemangiomas. Despite their large size, often infiltrating appearance, and sporadic mitotic activity, follow-up ranging from 1 month to 4 years in 11 patients showed all to be alive and well, thus demonstrating the benign nature of these neoplasms. A discussion of the differential diagnosis and a review of the literature on these rare tumors are presented.
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PMID:Mediastinal hemangiomas: a study of 18 cases with emphasis on the spectrum of morphological features. 770 21

A 38-year-old woman complained for about 5 years of attacks of headache elicited by coughing, sneezing, and laughing. These attacks became more frequent and more severe. Physical examination showed a short and broad neck. Neurological examination revealed no abnormality. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated the Chiari malformation (type I) and the cerebral venous angioma in left frontal white matter. A posterior decompression by suboccipital craniectomy with C1 laminectomy was performed. The headache completely disappeared. Before and after the operation, we measured the intracranial subdural pressure by a small pressure transducer. The raised cranial pressure by the Valsalva's maneuver prolonged for more than one minute. Postoperatively, the raised cranial pressure by the Valsalva's maneuver decreased rapidly. We consider that the cough headache of this patient was associated with a valve-like blockage by the Chiari malformation (type I) at the foramen magunum, resulting in cranio-spinal pressure dissociation by interference with downward pulsation. We believe that there was no correlation between the cough headache and the cerebral venous angioma.
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PMID:[A case of cough headache with Chiari malformation (type I)]. 833 96

The authors present a case of sclerosing hemangioma, a rare benign neoplasm of the lung. The patient presented coughing, blood-tinded spuntum and thoracic pain; chest x-ray showed an irregular shadow close to right hilum. A right superior lobectomy was performed. Immunohistochemical and electronic microscopy studies of the lesion supported its origin from respiratory epithelium.
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PMID:[Sclerosing hemangioma of the lung: a case report]. 868 43

A case of mediastinal venous hemangioma is reported. It's a benign tumor rarely found in the mediastinum. In the last six years, we only know three cases reported and none of them in our country. Clinical manifestations were cough and pleuritic pain. The diagnosis was suggested by radiologic examination and was confirmed by histologic study after thoracotomy. The mass was totally removed surgically and the evolution of the patient was favorable.
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PMID:[Venous hemangioma of the mediastinum: apropos of a case]. 892 29

Lesions of the anterior mediastinum typically include neoplasms of the thymus or thyroid, hemangioma, germ cell neoplasms, lymphoma and others. Renal cell carcinoma often presents with flank pain, hematuria, abdominal pain and/or fever. Chest cavity involvement by renal cell carcinoma typically manifests as pulmonary parenchymal disease with or without hilar lymph node involvement. We report an unusual presentation of renal cell carcinoma in a patient who presented with symptoms secondary to a large anterior mediastinal mass. A 64-year-old woman came to the hospital complaining of malaise, cough, dyspnea, weight loss and night sweats. Chest roentgenogram and computed tomography revealed a large anterior superior mediastinal mass without significant pulmonary parenchymal disease. She was also noted to have microscopic hematuria and a renal mass was found. Histology of both masses revealed renal cell carcinoma. This case suggests that renal cell carcinoma may merit consideration in the differential diagnosis of an anterior mediastinal mass and illustrates an unusual manner by which this lesion may present.
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PMID:Renal cell carcinoma presenting as a solitary anterior superior mediastinal mass. 898 68

Two cases with capillary hemangioma of the trachea and the left upper lobe bronchus are presented. The adult patients were referred to the hospital because of hemoptysis and cough. The chest radiographs were normal in both cases. The bronchoscopic examination revealed circumscribed lesions with a capillarized surface protruding into the lumen of the trachea and the left upper lobe bronchus, respectively. The lesions were excised in toto with flexible bronchoscopic forceps. The specimens contained typical capillary hemangiomas without any signs of malignancy. Capillary hemangioma in the bronchial tree is an extremely rare benign lesion in adults. Nevertheless, it should be considered as a possible cause of hemoptysis and cough.
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PMID:Bronchial capillary hemangioma in adults. 1049 Oct 24

Aneurysms of the thoracic aorta rarely occur in children. We present a female neonate who was referred to our hospital due to a heart murmur associated with cough and fever at 22 days of age. Both the echocardiography and aortography displayed an aneurysm of the ascending aorta at the aortic root. A patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) flow was detected on admission but it was not detectable when she was 3 months old. Neither physical characteristics of Marfan nor Turner syndrome were found, but she has had a huge cutaneous hemangioma over the right trunk since birth. The aneurysm did not progress during one year of follow-up. The etiology might be idiopathic or medial agenesis. Surgery will be warranted only if the aneurysm enlarges.
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PMID:Aneurysm of the ascending aorta in a neonate. 1091 Jun 1

We present herein a rare case of mediastinal cavernous hemangioma in a 5-year-old boy. The patient was referred to our hospital for an evaluation of cough and high fever. On admission, a chest computed tomogram and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large tumor arising from the left-sided mediastinum which compressed the left main pulmonary artery and left lung. The tumor, measuring 105 x 60 x 60 mm in size and weighing 170 g, was completely resected without any major bleeding, and a pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of cavernous hemangioma.
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PMID:Mediastinal cavernous hemangioma in a child: report of a case. 1244 36


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