Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 58-year-old woman was hospitalized because of shortness of breath, cough, weakness, and physical signs suggestive of mitral stenosis. Echo-Doppler examination revealed a left atrial mass. This was removed and turned out to be a fibrosarcoma. Recurrence of the tumor with metastases into the pericardium, thyroid goiter, and left kidney led to the patient's death 6 months later. The clinical and pathological features of our rare case are compared with those in the literature.
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PMID:Intracardiac primary fibrosarcoma. Case report and literature review. 141 1

The descent of a cervical goiter below the plain of the thoracic inlet to become substernal in location, is fairly rare, but not exceptional, with an incidence, derived from several large series of operated patients, ranging from 1.7% to 13.1%. The importance of this particular location of the goiter is chiefly due to the fact that the thyroid is growing in a limited space with many surrounding structures, that unavoidably, sooner or later, will be compressed or strained. This provokes respiratory symptoms (such as cough, dyspnea, stridor) or difficulty in swallowing or determines a superior vena cava syndrome with venous stasis in the neck and in the upper thorax, and with facial oedema. The substernal location, that already constitutes a complication of the basic thyropathy, is further aggravated by the incidental malignant transformation of the substernal goiter or by the development of a thyrotoxicosis due to hyper-functioning intra-thoracic thyroid tissue. For all these reasons the presence of a substernal goiter represents in and of itself a precise indication for a surgical treatment. This study is aimed at examining the series of 19 substernal goiters observed at the Institution of General and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Milan, from 1967 to 1987, particularly analyzing the progresses in the diagnostic procedures, the adopted surgical therapy and the observed complications.
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PMID:[Cervico-mediastinal goiter]. 274 85

This is a review of known periods in utero during which drugs alter the process of growth; effects may be shown on the fetus or the newborn and vary with the stage of development of the fetus when exposed. Other variables are the mother and the placenta. There is no safe animal screening mechanism, the human test is by ordeal, and more clinical monitoring and reporting are needed. Cancer chemotherapeutic agents exert their maximal effects on rapidly dividing cells and are therefore hazardous during pregnancy; the greatest risk is in the 1st trimester. In the thalidomide experience the critical days were the 22nd and 23rd days after conception. Masculinizing drugs such as testosterone and other androgenic steroids have been implicated as affecting the female fetus when given early in pregnancy. Oral contraceptives taken by an already pregnant woman are a hazard because of these progestational agents. Progesterone alone is unlikely to cause masculinization but other progestins may cause such changes. Carcinogenesis may develop later in females born of mothers who are treated with diethylstilbestrol to prevent miscarriage. Many antithyroid drugs have caused neonatal goiter. Maternal ingestion of iodides during pregnancy (preparations for treating asthma, cough syrups, radio-contrast media used in diagnoses) is the most frequent cause. Goiter is relatively common in infants whose mothers were treated with propylthiouracil and other antithyroid drugs, yet they usually show normal thyroid function. However, hypothyroidism with cretinism can occur. Lithium, used in psychiatry and as a salt substitute, may alter iodine metabolism and thyroid gland function. It also passes into the milk to continue the potential toxicity. Teratogenic effects in experimental animals suggest other possible effects on infants from lithium and similar drugs.
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PMID:Human experiences related to adverse drug reactions to the fetus or neonate from some maternally administered drugs. 414 Jun 79

We report a 41 years old man admitted with a tender goiter, fever, thyrotoxic manifestations and atrial fibrillation. Laboratory confirmed the diagnosis of subacute thyroiditis and treatment with aspirin and propranolol was started, obtaining a rapid relief of symptoms and normalization of heart rate. On the tenth day after admission, severe dysphagia, dysphonia, irritative cough and further enlargement of the neck mass developed. Fine needle aspiration of the mass and thyroid ultrasound lead to the diagnosis of a thyroidal abscess, which was surgically excised, draining 250 ml of purulent material. Cultures were positive for Staphylococcus aureus. Patient was treated during 21 with cloxacilyn and discharged with normal thyroid function. Long term follow up has been uneventful.
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PMID:[Subacute thyroiditis and concurrent suppurative thyroiditis in one case]. 911 Apr 88

The intratracheal goiter is a rare, benign disease accompanied by dyspnoea, stridor, and cough. The specific symptom within the non-specific symptoms is the rapid therapy-resistant progression that can be fatal if it is unrecognized and not treated. Observation of an intratracheal tumor leads to a series of further differential diagnostic considerations with the most important question--malignant or benign--which needs to be clarified. The type of tissue can be determined by means of a biopsy. Classification of the grade of the tissue is not possible in every case and always depends on the method used. This is especially true in the case of highly differentiated tumors as they appear on the thyroid. We introduce a 67-year-old female patient whose case history and results can be described as classic in comparison to the literature and who showed all the clinical and morphological characteristics of intratracheal goiter. We refer to the two most possible theories concerning the etiology. Extirpation of the tumor with or without a temporary tracheostomy is the suitable therapy for adults to achieve functionally indisputable results without recurrence. Knowledge about these rare intratracheal tumors can help avoid a generous resection with high risks or even foreseeable consequences.
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PMID:[Symptomatic struma intratrachealis, a differential diagnostic challenge]. 1113 30

Seventy one years old woman admitted to our clinic with the complaints of fever, cough and palpitation. Physical examination revealed a palpable thyroid with a 2 cm in length in its isthmus and large right lobe. Kyphotic patient was tachycardic. Other systems were within normal limits. Chest x-ray performed wide upper mediastinum with calcified nodule approximately 3.5 cm in dimension in the apex of the left lung. Computed tomography revealed thyroid gland lying through the upper mediastinum and a mass 3.5 x 3.2 cm in dimension in the left lobe inferior regio of the gland surrounded with calcification. Thyroid function tests showed hyperthyroidism. Clinically patient had a substernal multinodular goitre. Since the lesion demonstrating egg shell calcification at the apex of left lung in the chest roentgenogram belonged to substernal goitre, the case was accepted interesting and presented below.
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PMID:[Egg shell calcification of the substernal goitre]. 1510 Sep 9

During pregnancy, the thyroid undergoes several changes including altered function and gland enlargement. We describe the management of a 38-week pregnant woman presenting with cough and increasing breathlessness. She gave a 5-year history of asthma which initially obscured the final diagnosis of upper-airway obstruction secondary to tracheal compression by a large retrosternal goitre. Once this was recognized, management was straightforward. Delivery by caesarean section was carried out under epidural anaesthesia, following which her symptoms rapidly resolved. A subtotal thyroidectomy was performed 4 weeks later under general anaesthesia, again without incident. We outline the normal physiological changes that occur to the thyroid gland during pregnancy and also highlight the value of the flow volume loop in the evaluation of airway obstruction.
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PMID:Retrosternal goitre: a cause of dyspnoea in pregnancy. 1532 Dec 47

Most mediastinal goiters are extensions of cervical goiters. Patients are generally female and only occasionally have symptoms. Patients most commonly complain of a mass-like sensation, dyspnoea, dysphagia and cough. The authors describe the case of a 67 year-old female who presented at the emergency room with dyspnoea, anterior cervical discomfort and tightness which had onset a few months prior but which had worsened in the last week. The patient cited a history of bronchial asthma, for which she was under medication, but the true diagnosis was mediastinal goiter.
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PMID:[Asthma mimic - a clinical case report]. 1985 37

Graves disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by thyroid enlargement and hyperthyroidism. Thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) autoantibodies bind the TSHR on the membrane of thyroid follicular cells and stimulate cell proliferation and thyroid-hormone synthesis. TSHR has also been identified in extrathyroidal organs, including the human thymus. Thus far, radiologically detectable thymic enlargement has only been reported in adults with Graves disease. We present here the case of a child with Graves disease and significant thymic hyperplasia. L. K. was a 15-year-old girl evaluated for cough and dyspnea on exertion. A chest radiograph was obtained, and it revealed a widened superior mediastinum. A computed-tomography scan of her chest identified a mass in the anterior mediastinum without associated lymphadenopathy. Because of these radiologic findings and her weight loss, she was referred to the oncology service; a biopsy of the mediastinal mass was obtained and revealed thymic reactive hyperplasia. Because of persistent tachycardia, thyroid studies were obtained, and the diagnosis of Graves disease was established. The child's physical examination revealed a minimally enlarged thyroid gland and no exophthalmos. One month after medical treatment was initiated, a repeat computed-tomography scan of her chest identified significantly reduced thymic size. To our knowledge, this is the first pediatric patient reported with Graves disease and significant thymic enlargement. Considering the diagnosis of Graves disease for a child with an anterior mediastinal mass and without the typical physical findings of autoimmune hyperthyroidism (goiter, exophthalmos) may prevent unnecessary diagnostic studies and their associated financial and emotional costs.
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PMID:An adolescent with a mediastinal mass, diagnosed with Graves disease and thymic hyperplasia. 2010 Jul 62

A 59-year-old woman with a body mass index of 30 and an edematous, tender goiter was scheduled for subtotal thyroidectomy. She had a history of dyspnea, cough, hoarseness, sleep disturbance in the supine position, difficulty in expelling sputum, and inability to rotate her neck to the left. Chest CT showed an adenomatous goiter, measuring 42 x 57 x 105 mm, with invasion into the mediastinal space, 17 mm right glottic shift, and 21 mm right tracheal shift. Because of her goiter and laryngo-tracheal shift, we anticipated a difficult intubation and ventilation. Awake fiberoptic intubation was selected for anesthesia induction, and was easily performed using a Parker Flex-Tip tracheal tube (Parker Medical, Highland Ranch, Colorado, USA), after intravenous injection of 200 microg of fentanyl, 8% lidocaine pump spray on the larynx with a direct laryngoscope, and 5 ml of 4% lidocaine spray on the vocal cords and trachea through a bronchoscope. The operation was completed successfully without any adverse events. Awake fiberoptic intubation with a Parker Flex-Tip tracheal tube is easily performed in a patient with a difficult airway due to obesity, goiter, and laryngo-tracheal shift.
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PMID:[Awake fiberoptic intubation with Parker Flex-Tip tracheal tube in a patient with obesity, goiter, and laryngo-tracheal shift]. 2056 Mar 76


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