Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Oral eosinophilic granuloma is a rare and enigmatic disease in dogs. The clinical, haematological, cytological and histopathological features of three unrelated Cavalier King Charles spaniels with oral ulcers are presented. The disease was characterised by granuloma or plaque formation in the oral cavity. Common clinical signs were clearing the throat, swallowing problems, coughing during and after meals, reduced appetite and difficulty in eating. Haematological findings were not specific. Cytology was considered easier to perform than tissue biopsy due to friability of the tissue, but could not be used to confirm a granuloma diagnosis. The diagnosis of oral eosinophilic granuloma was verified histopathologically in each case. Response to glucocorticoid therapy varied, from complete remission to lack of any visible effect, leading to a guarded prognosis. The aetiology of the disease was not determined; however, the gross and microscopic morphologies of the lesions, their location and the response to corticosteroid therapy was suggestive of hypersensitivity.
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PMID:Oral eosinophilic granuloma in three cavalier King Charles spaniels. 891 45

A 75-year-old-man who had been occupationally exposed to asbestos over several decades was admitted complaining of dry cough and mild exertional dyspnea. Chest X-ray films revealed the presence of bilateral infiltrates. An open biopsy showed the lung pathology to be desquamative interstitial pneumonitis (DIP), and detected a calcified plaque of the left parietal pleura at cost-phrenic sulcus, which on microscopic inspection demonstrated thin needle-like structures suggestive of asbestos particles. A hormonal examination showed decreased levels of tri-iodothyronine and tetraiodothyronine and an increased level of thyroid stimulating hormone. Additionally, a positive microsome test indicated autoimmune hypothyroidism. A serological study was positive for anti-nuclear antibody and direct Coombs, and showed heightened levels of IgG. The patient was placed on oral prednisolone therapy; one month later, his symptoms had subsided, and his lung function and chest x-ray findings had improved significantly. In addition, the abnormal values for autoimmune and thyroid function eventually returned to normal ranges. These findings suggest that DIP and humoral immune dysfunction were caused by asbestos exposure, and responded well to steroid treatment.
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PMID:[Desquamative interstitial pneumonitis accompanied by a variety of autoimmune abnormalities in an individual with a history of asbestos exposure]. 984 93

A 73-year-old African American female presented to our clinic with painful lower extremity lesions of 2 weeks duration. She was in her usual state of health until 3 months prior to presentation when she reported symptoms of fatigue and weakness. She also noticed an enlarging mass on the left side of her neck. She denied fevers, chills, night sweats or cough. Her symptoms were unresponsive to a course of oral dicloxacillin. The neck mass enlarged over 8 weeks and she was referred to our institution for evaluation. CT scan of the neck showed an enlarged lymph node. Ten days prior to her presentation in dermatology, a fine needle aspirate of the enlarging lymph node revealed necrotizing granulomas. Tissue was sent for routine mycobacterial and fungal cultures. Routine blood work, chest radiograph, and a tuberculin skin test were also performed. At the time of her dermatology visit she described the development of multiple new painful, non-pruritic lesions, bilaterally on the lower extremities. She also reported a red crusted area that appeared at the site of her tuberculin test that was placed subsequent to the development of her lower extremity lesions. Her past medical history was significant for Parkinson's disease, hypothyroidism and hypertension. Her current medications included l-thyroxine, estrogen and diltiazem. Her travel history was only remarkable for a trip to Jamaica the previous spring. She was born and raised in Haiti. She reported a history of a positive tuberculin skin test 20 years ago, but received no therapy. Physical examination revealed a 2 x 3 centimeter firm, nontender left lateral neck mass (Fig. 1). Her right forearm revealed an erythematous, ulcerated, indurated plaque 1.5 cm in diameter (Fig. 2.). Her lower extremities revealed tender 0.5 to 1 cm erythematous nodules below the knees bilaterally (Fig. 3). A punch biopsy of a lower extremity nodule revealed a mild pervisacular dermal infiltrate. Within the subcutaneous tissue there was septal widening. There was also a lymphohistiocytic infiltrate with a slight admixture of neutrophils within the septa of the fat lobules. There was no evidence of necrotizing vasculitis or collagen necrosis. An acid-fast stain was not performed. The histologic findings were consistent with a diagnosis of erythema nodosum. Her laboratory evaluation including CBC, electrolytes, thyroid studies, angiotensin converting enzyme level and chest radiograph were normal. Approximately 1 week after her dermatological evaluation, the fine-needle aspirate culture grew Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis associated with erythema nodosum was confirmed. The patient was started on quadruple therapy of isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol and pyrazinamide. Her lower limb skins lesions rapidly resolved over the subsequent month and her neck mass also diminished in size. She completed 6 months of antituberculous therapy with complete resolution of her lymphadenopathy.
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PMID:Erythema nodosum associated with reactivation tuberculous lymphadenitis (scrofula). 1201 Mar 45

Alefacept belongs to the new generation of drugs applied in the treatment of psoriasis. It is an immunomodulatory recombinant, fully human lymphocyte function associated antigen-3/immunoglobulin G1 fusion protein (LFA-3-Ig) CD2 antagonist that targets memory-effector T cells by binding CD2 on the T cell surface. It blocks the interactions of leukocyte functional antigen (LFA)-3 with CD2 interaction. This drug is used to treat moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis and there was conducted a pilot study of psoriatic arthritis. It was observed that Alefacept had reduced peripheral-blood memory effector T-lymphocyte (CD45RO+) counts, cells which are responsible for sustaining the disease. Pharyngitis, dizziness, increased cough, nausea, pruritus, myalgia, chills, injection site inflammation, and accidental injury were recorded. So far, in the conducted trials no generalised immunosuppression or increased risk of infection or malignancy were observed. The possibility of increased risk of infections and malignancies must be considered because of reduced lymphocyte counts.
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PMID:Possibilities of using alefacept in the treatment of psoriasis. 1532 11

We describe 10 children with multiple vascular lesions of the skin and gastrointestinal tract associated with sustained, minor thrombocytopenia. In some children, there was involvement of the lung (n = 5), bone (n = 2), liver (n = 1), spleen (n = 1), and muscle (n = 1). The cutaneous lesions were congenital, multifocal, discrete, red-brown and variably blue macules and papules; in 3 children, a large dominant plaque was also present. All children developed hematemesis and/or melena and endoscopic evaluation revealed several to numerous small mucosal lesions that involved all levels of the gastrointestinal tract. Three of 5 children with pulmonary nodules had cough and 1 also had hemoptysis. Biopsies of cutaneous, gastrointestinal, and pulmonary lesions showed thin-walled, blood-filled vascular channels and variable endothelial hyperplasia. The endothelial nuclei were elongated, round, crescentic, or hobnailed. Cytoplasmic and extracellular periodic acid-Schiff positive deposits were often present in the zones of endothelial hyperplasia. The platelets were small in some children, suggesting a primary defect, possibly accounting for the thrombocytopenia. Gastrointestinal hemorrhage and hemoptysis required antiangiogenic therapy. The constellation of findings defines a congenital proliferative disorder of blood vessels with a distinctive microscopic appearance. We have termed this relatively indolent or slowly progressive disorder cutaneovisceral angiomatosis with thrombocytopenia because this designation incorporates its major clinical and histopathologic features.
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PMID:Cutaneovisceral angiomatosis with thrombocytopenia. 1603 54

We report two rheumatoid arthritis patients developing sarcoidosis possibly induced by etanercept. Both women, aged 46 and 53, had erosive, rheumatoid-factor-positive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for 7 and 6 years, respectively. The eldest had received infliximab for over a year with good response, which was stopped because of a perfusion reaction. She developed a cough and dyspnea after 6 months of etanercept treatment. The other developed erythema nodosum and a plaque lesion on the right arm after 1 year of etanercept. Imaging showed, in both cases, mediastinal adenopathies. Biopsies were compatible with sarcoidosis. Etanercept withdrawal led to a complete remission. Recently, there have been reports of noninfectious granulomatous syndromes in patients receiving etanercept for a variety of diseases. In our cases, the temporal association with etanercept therapy and the complete remission after suspension of etanercept suggest a triggering role of this agent. Possible mechanisms of action and supporting evidence are discussed.
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PMID:Development of sarcoidosis in etanercept-treated rheumatoid arthritis patients. 1734 45

A 40 years old male patient of poor socioeconomic condition presented with a well circumscribed rough surfaced and fissured, verrucous plaque on left axilla and a similar lesion on right foot- which were clinically diagnosed as tuberculosis verrucosa cutis. He also had necrotic papular eruption with varioliform scarring in some lesions on upper back clinically diagnosed as papulonecrotic tuberculid. He had fever and cough and mild weight loss suspicious of pulmonary tuberculosis. On investigation ESR was raised, mild anaemia was present, MT was strongly positive, chest x-ray was suggestive of tuberculosis. So, he was diagnosed as a case of simultaneous occurrence of tuberculosis verrucosa cutis (TVC) with papulonecrotic tuberculid (PNT) with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Standard anti tuberculosis chemotherapy already started to offer cure of all lesions.
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PMID:Simultaneous occurrence of multiple types of cutaneous tuberculosis (TVC and PNT) with internal organ tuberculosis (PTB). 1734 92

A 66-year-old man visited complaining of cough and sore throat. He had been exposed to asbestos 43 years ago. Chest X-ray revealed left pleural effusion and abnormal shadow in the right lung field. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed multiple enhanced nodules in the right pleural cavity. Abdominal CT showed a 3-cm enhanced tumor in the lower pole of the left kidney. Left radical nephrectomy was performed. Pathological diagnosis was renal cell carcinoma. Postoperatively pleural biopsy was performed by using thoracoscopy. White plaque was seen at the costal pleura and surface of lung. Pathological diagnosis was malignant pleural mesothelioma based on using mesothelium-associated antibodies: calretinin (+), CK5/6 (+), D2-40 (+), HBME-1 (+), TTF-1 (-), MOC31 (-), CEA (-). Combination therapy (extrapleural pneumonectomy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy) was initiated. Malignant mesothelioma is a devastating neoplasm with a strong etiological relationship with asbestos exposure. The incidence is rising in industrialized countries, with the peak expected in the year 2020. However, renal cell carcinoma with malignant pleural mesothelioma is very rare and this is the 2nd case in the Japanese literature.
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PMID:[Renal cell carcinoma with malignant pleural mesothelioma after asbestos exposure: a case report]. 1805 6

A 42-year-old white male without prior skin disease presented 8 months ago with chest pain, fever, and coughing to his primary physician. At that point, he had no skin lesions. The diagnosis was made by standard blood tests. The patient completed treatment and was symptom free for 8 months until he presented to his physician again with skin lesions on his right cheek and extremities. The patient was referred to our dermatology clinic for further evaluation. A complete skin examination revealed lesions on his face, extremities, and back. The lesions on his right face were 8 x 10-mm erythematous papules and nodules coalescing into a plaque. A biopsy was taken from his right cheek lesions.
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PMID:An unusual case of coccidioidomycosis presenting with skin lesions. 1880 94

To date, three subtypes of swine influenza viruses, H1N1, H1N2, and H3N2 have been isolated in Italy. In 2006, a novel swine influenza virus subtype (H3N1) was isolated from coughing pigs. RT-PCR performed on lung tissues, experimental infection in pigs with the novel isolate, and cloning the virus by plaque assay confirmed this unique H and N combination. The novel isolate was also antigenically and genetically characterized. Genetic and phylogenetic analysis showed that the complete HA gene of the H3N1 strain has the highest nucleotide identity to three Italian H3N2 strains, one isolated in 2001 and two in 2004, whereas the full length NA sequence is closely related to three H1N1 subtype viruses isolated in Italy in 2004. The remaining genes are also closely related to respective genes found in H1N1 and H3N2 SIVs currently circulating in Italy. This suggests that the novel SIV could be a reassortant between the H3N2 and H1N1 SIVs circulating in Italy.
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PMID:Novel swine influenza virus subtype H3N1 in Italy. 1939 71


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