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 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An outbreak of conjunctivitis and severe respiratory disease occurred in an integrated chukar partridge (Alectoris graeca) operation that involved about 8000 birds. The main clinical features were conjunctivitis and sinusitis and frequent mouth breathing, but almost no gasping or coughing. In 1000 breeders, egg production declined from 73% to 20%. Morbidity reached 100%, and losses from mortality and culling approached 60%. At necropsy, a conjunctivitis (often bilateral) and extensive caseated sinusitis were common. There was an occasional slight mucoid tracheitis, but no significant air sac lesions were noted. Mycoplasma gallisepticum, designated strain GM1125, was isolated and identified. Exposure of susceptible chukars to GM1125 reproduced the field disease. GM1125 was reisolated from the conjunctiva of all exposed birds 12 days postinfection, but infrequently from there or the respiratory system 36 days postexposure, even though clinical disease was still present. The experimental disease was confined to the conjunctiva and the upper respiratory tract. An occasional mucoid tracheitis was noted, but generally, the lungs and air sacs were not involved. Infection was followed by an appreciable serological response to M. gallisepticum.
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PMID:Experimental reproduction of Mycoplasma gallisepticum disease in chukar partridges (Alectoris graeca). 879 Aug 93

Hypersensitivity to natural rubber latex (NRL) in health care personnel exposed to powdered latex gloves appears as conjunctivitis, rhinitis, nasal congestion, cough, dyspnea, or bronchial asthma in approximately 30% of all cases with latex allergy while most of the patients have contact urticaria. The purpose of the present study was to determine the prevalence of latex-induced allergic rhinitis in health care workers using NRL gloves on a daily basis. Clinical examination accompanied by skin prick test (SPT) with latex glove extracts and common aeroallergens, measurements of specific IgE to NRL, and lung function tests were performed in 25 symptomatic workers and 11 latex-exposed asymptomatic controls. Sensitization to NRL was detected using SPT in one (4%) of 25 symptomatic workers but not in any of the asymptomatic controls. Positive SPT to aeroallergens was demonstrated in 8/25 symptomatic workers and 6/11 controls. Measurements of forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in I sec, and bronchial methacholine challenge did not show any significant differences between the study groups. In conclusion, NRL-aeroallergen-induced occupational rhinitis may occur among physicians and nurses who have a frequent use of latex gloves on a daily basis at hospital work. However, a relatively low prevalence of NRL-induced occupational rhinitis is associated with profuse consumption of no-powder sterile gloves.
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PMID:Glove-related rhinopathy among hospital personnel. 884 46

The addition of encapsulated enzymes (proteases and lipases) to detergents in Morocco dates from 1993. We have carried out a retrospective survey which has enabled us to evaluate the prevalence of the clinical symptoms and respiratory function problems in two groups, one exposed and the other non-exposed. This enquiry which concerns 32 exposed workers and 42 non-exposed consisted of a questionnaire (CECA OMS), a chest x-ray and some respiratory function tests. The medical study involves a question in the workplace with an evaluation of dust levels (weight of dust and enzyme activity). Fifty seven per cent of those exposed had clinical respiratory symptomatology against only 7 per cent of those who were not exposed. Rhinitis, asthma, cough, chronic bronchitis, eczema and conjunctivitis were significantly more frequent in those exposed than in the non-exposed. Respiratory function was altered in 65.5 per cent of the exposed against only 38.6 per cent of those who were not exposed. The overall lung function was of an obstructive type. The peak flow (VEMS) were more frequently reduced in those exposed (25 per cent) than in the non-exposed (7.14 per cent). These anomalies were worst at the end of a day's work. Atopy seems to be a potentiating factor. Tobacco interferes significantly in the alteration of respiratory function parameters. The enquiry in the work place revealed evidence of insufficient means of protection for the work force and elevated levels of dust which pass the mean recommended atmospheric values (500 mcg per cubic mm). On the other hand, enzymatic activity of the dust collected remained within normal limits (< 0.5 GU/m3). It is thus imperative to develop means for collective prevention (a more effective encapsulation of the enzymes, work in closed areas, ventilation with more effective dust extraction) and individuals (protective clothing and specific respiratory masks for the enzymes) to maximally reduce the risk.
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PMID:[Occupational respiratory risks in workers exposed to enzymes in detergents]. 899 75

Measles is an acute disease characterized by fever, cough, conjunctivitis, erythematous maculopapular rash and pathognomonic enanthem. Vaccination had resulted in decrease of complications and mortality. But vaccination coverage in France is low, about 80%: the virus is always circulating and outbreaks in teenagers are possible. The recommendation of a booster dose at age eleven will contribute to reduce the incidence of the disease. Rubella is asymptomatic in 30 to 50% of infected children. There is a risk of transmission to pregnant women with negative serology. Reduction of virus circulation and immunization of young girls will result in decrease of the congenital rubella syndrome (65 cases/year in France). A vaccine booster dose at eleven in all children, combined with measles immunization, is necessary.
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PMID:[Measles and rubella]. 933 22

The federal country of Carinthia is known for its lakes and ponds, which are extensively used for bathing. The water quality is monitored regularly in accordance to the EC-Directive 76/160/EC and especially to the more rigorous Austrian Standard M6230. Since redevelopment measures of the lakes have been nearly finished the water quality found has improved essentially. In spite of these monitored data no effective correlation to data from the concerning ambulant sector of medical care could be established. The Carinthian Sentinel Practice Network started in summer 1994 to retrieve informations about occurrence and frequency of bathing related illness of children up to 16 years old. The 26 participating primary health care and pediatric physicians, having their own independent practices spread all over the country, reported the specific doctor-patient-contracts to the coordinating base. Criteria for inclusion in the medical report were headache, sore throat, otalgia, stomach-ache, nausea, emesis, diarrhoea, fever, rhinitis, cough, cold, moreover conjunctivitis, skin rash and specific dermatitis. In addition physicians reported where, how long and how often the children had been bathing and how long they had been free of symptoms afterwards. Each case was reported to the coordinating base including a presumed diagnosis. Statistic evaluation showed that bathing related illness may be divided into three main groups according to symptom frequency. The frequency of otalgia (32.4%) was significantly higher than any other symptom asked for. Two groups of symptoms correlate with each other: on one hand rhinitis, conjunctivitis, cough and sore throat (36.5%) and on the other hand nausea, emesis, diarrhoea and fever (41.9%). These data underline conclusions drawn by other authors but are not representative enough to correlate to data from water monitoring. First results suggest that conclusions for public health authorities can be drawn from this additional information about the state of the lakes and ponds-providing a sufficient number of data is reported.
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PMID:[Bathing water related diseases: the Carinthian Sentinel Project as the source of epidemiological data]. 937 46

A combination of clinical, serological, and virological methods were used to identify affected hospitalized children during a measles outbreak in Ibadan, Nigeria, in 1996. A total of 25 cases of clinical measles were detected at the 4 hospitals visited, comprising 15% of total pediatric admissions during the study period. 13 of the children had been immunized for measles. In 5 cases, the affected children were 6-8 months of age (younger than the recommended vaccination time in Nigeria). Clinical symptoms included fever, rash, cough, and conjunctivitis. 6 (50%) of the immunized children with measles and 11 (80%) of nonimmunized children had complications such as bronchopneumonia. During the acute phase of illness, the geometric mean antibody titre was 18 among vaccinees and 17 among non-vaccinees. The solid phase immunosorbent test revealed IgM in all sera, indicating recent infection. The finding that more than half of children with measles had been immunized is presumed to reflect the poor quality (i.e., low potency) and short supply of measles vaccine in 1995. An aggressive political effort is required to ensure an adequate measles vaccine supply and quality in Nigeria.
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PMID:Measles outbreak in Ibadan: clinical, serological and virological identification of affected children in selected hospitals. 945 95

Two 18-month-old naturally reared ponies were used to investigate the pathogenicity of EHV-2. After dexamethasone treatment, pony 1 was inoculated intranasally with EHV-2 strain T16, which has been isolated from a foal with keratoconjunctivitis superficialis and pony 2 was similarly inoculated with strain LK4 which was originally isolated from a horse with upper respiratory tract disease. Following virus inoculation, pyrexia was not detected in either pony but both developed conjunctivitis, lymphadenopathy, and coughing. EHV-2 was detected in nasal mucus samples up to day 12 post infection (p.i.), in eye swabs up to day 10 p.i., and in buffy coat cells throughout the investigation in both animals. EHV-2-specific antibody titres were raised significantly 18 days p.i. Following the administration of dexamethasone, 3 months p.i., infectious virus was again detected in nasal mucus and conjunctival swabs from both ponies for 7 days. The tissue distribution of EHV-2 genome was studied post mortem, by means of a nested PCR. EHV-2 was detected in lymphoid tissues, lung, conjunctiva, trigeminal ganglia and olfactory lobes of pony 2, whereas in pony 1 only the conjunctiva of the left eye was PCR positive.
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PMID:Virological and molecular biological investigations into equine herpes virus type 2 (EHV-2) experimental infections. 971 16

A 48 year old man, employed in a grain and animal feed store for 9 years, was referred to our clinic complaining of nasal blockage, rhinorrhea, sneezing, ocular burning, coughing and wheezing occurring over the last 12 months. The man's main task was to manually load and unload the unpackaged grain and feed. Symptoms occurred only when he worked directly with oilseed rape flour and not when he worked with other types of grains. Eye and nasal symptoms appeared during the work shift, while respiratory symptoms were worse at night than during the day after exposure to rape for more than 2 consecutive days. Physical examination was normal, as were the results of the pulmonary function studies. The methacholine inhalation test, performed to measure the level of non-specific airways responsiveness, showed normal bronchial reactivity. Results of allergy skin prick tests were negative for common inhalant and food allergens, but slightly positive for the oilseed rape flour extract. Registration of the peak expiratory flow (PEF) showed slight decreases in PEF values after occupational exposure. We conclude that this case is suggestive of asthma and rhino-conjunctivitis, induced by oilseed rape flour, probably due to an allergic mechanism.
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PMID:[Asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis caused by rape flour: description of a clinical case]. 973 92

A 40-year-old man presented with a three-week history of malaise, nausea, night sweats, decreased appetite, and a 15-lb weight loss. He reported having had diarrhea, occasionally with bright red blood, for the first two weeks and a temperature as high as 39.4 degrees C for the last two weeks. He had not had cough, shortness of breath, wheezing, chest pain, arthralgias, rash, or conjunctivitis. He had not eaten raw oysters or raspberries.
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PMID:A man with fever and lymphadenopathy. 982 54

We analyzed data from a randomized trial of AIK-C, high-titre (EZ-H) or medium-titre EZ (EZ-M) vaccines in 3.5 and 6 month old infants in Kinshasa, Zaire, in which the occurrence of rhinorrhoea, cough, diarrhoea, fever, conjunctivitis or rash was monitored for 15 days post-vaccination (including the day of vaccination, day 0). We compared sero-response at 6 weeks and 6 months post-vaccination among children with and without mild illness at or after vaccination. Seroresponse tended to be higher in children with mild illness after vaccination than those without, whether days 0-7 or 8-15 were examined. For most symptoms, these differences did not reach statistical significance after adjusting for prevaccination maternal antibody level. However, in the EZ-M group, the proportion of children attaining at least the median post-vaccination antibody level was significantly higher in children with rhinorrhoea in days 0-7 post-vaccination than those without (adjusted odds ratio 2.6, 95% CI 1.08-6.27), as was that among children with at least one symptom in days 0-7 compared with children with no symptoms (adjusted OR 4.55, 95% CI 1.18-17.57). There were no significant differences in post-vaccination antibody levels among children with symptoms compared either to those without the specific symptom or those with no symptoms. Fever on the day of vaccination or at home visits on 7, 10 or 14 days post-vaccination, did not affect seroconversion or GMTs. Regression models showed no relation between the cumulative number of days with symptoms and antibody increase after vaccination. Analysis of antibody levels at 6 months post-vaccination showed no consistent differences according to presence or absence of symptoms. These findings provide further strong support to recommendations that mild illness is not a reason to delay measles vaccination.
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PMID:Mild illness at or after measles vaccination does not reduce seroresponse in young children. 1006 89


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