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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Chlamydia trachomatis was recently discovered to be the causative organism in a distinctive afebrile pneumonia occurring in infants under 6 months of age. Experience with the first 125 cases seen at this hospital during a 3 1/2 year period is reported. Chest radiographs were reviewed of 2,273 infants in this age group with signs of lower respiratory tract infection. The first group comprised 148 patients admitted to the hospital. Chlamydia pneumonia was diagnosed in 41 cases. The second group of 2,125 infants was first seen in the outpatient department where 84 additional cases were detected. From this experience it was concluded that, although there are no radiographic findings specific for Chlamydia pneumonia, a combination of the clinical and radiographic findings strongly suggests the diagnosis before cultures and serum antibody titers are available. Important clinical features include age of onset at 2-14 weeks of age, cough, lack of fever, and elevated serum immunoglobulins. Most chest films show bilateral hyperexpansion and diffuse infiltrates with a variety of radiographic patterns including interstitial, reticular nodular, atelectasis, coalescence, and bronchopneumonia. Pleural effusion and lobar consolidation are not seen. The radiographic changes often suggest a more serious illness than that observed clinically. Radiographic features are described in detail.
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PMID:Chlamydia pneumonia in infants: radiography in 125 cases. 697 64

We diagnosed lower respiratory infection (LRI) due to Chlamydia trachomatis by retrospective serologic analysis in 10 of 47 (21%) study infants under 6 months of age hospitalized with bronchiolitis or pneumonia. These 47 infants represented all those on whom blood was available (76% of all 62 study infants under 6 months of age). Forty of these 47 infants had been followed from hospitalization for periods up to 5 years (mean, 26.3 months) for development of chronic illness. The patients with C. trachomatis LRI had significantly more reported chronic cough and abnormal lung function on follow-up than did those with LRI due to other agents or no agent found. C. trachomatis LRI patients also had more cough and wheeze than did a group of 71 age-matched normal infants. C. trachomatis LRI severe enough to require hospitalization may be associated with more chronic sequelae than is LRI due to other agents.
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PMID:Chlamydia trachomatis and chronic respiratory disease in childhood. 717 92

The authors report the first two cases of legionnaires' disease from Catalonia. Both patients were chronic bronchitic males, and the cases were sporadic. The onset of the disease was characterized by a febrile illness with muscle and joint pains, respiratory symptoms (cough and mucous sputum production), and mental changes. There were no digestive complaints. Pulmonary consolidation occurred in both patients in the left upper lobe. Blood chemistries disclosed the existence of an absolute lymphopenia, altered liver function tests, and elevated CPK levels. Bacterial cultures of blood and sputum, respiratory virus screening (influenza A and B, parainfluenza 1, 2 and 3, and adenoviruses), and tests for Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Coxiella burnetti and Chlamydia psittaci were all negative. Antibody titers against Legionella pneumophila by indirect immunofluorescence were 1/1024 (positive) for serotype 1 and 1/1024 (positive) for serotype II in one patient, and 1/1024 (positive) for serotype I and 1/128 (negative) for serotype II in the other patient. The authors review the epidemiological, clinical, biochemical and diagnostic aspects of legionnaires' disease, which knowledge will undoubtedly allow to detect an increasing number of cases.
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PMID:[Legionnaires' disease. First observations in Catalonia (author's transl)]. 725 29

Eleven infants under six months of age with respiratory symptoms and positive results of serological tests for Chlamydia trachomatis, including an infant from whom chlamydiae were isolate, are presented. The three distinct patterns of illness in these infants were a bronchitis with paroxysmal coughing, a bronchiolitis syndrome, and a diffuse afebrile pneumonia. We conclude that chlamydial respiratory disease should be considered in Australian infants with the described features. The diagnosis can be confirmed by immuno-fluorescence.
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PMID:Chlamydia trachomatis and respiratory disease in infants. 730 Jul 74

The early onset of the disease (between the 13th and 15th days of life) and its long duration in 2 out of 3 cases, the absence of infectious symptoms and the efficacy of erythromycin treatment were characteristic features. The diagnosis was confirmed by positive (greater than 1/32th) serological tests in both infants and parents. Chlamydia trachomatis lung infection should be suspected in infants presenting, during the first weeks of life, with cough and dyspnoea unaccompanied by fever, radiological evidence of interstitial pneumonia, blood eosinophilia and raised immunoglobulin levels. The disease results from intranatal contamination and might represent, in France as in the U.S.A., an important percentage of respiratory infections occurring during the early months of life.
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PMID:[Interstitial pneumonia due to Chlamydia trachomatis in infants. Three cases (author's transl)]. 745 67

A subacute pneumonic disease in a young infant characterized by insidious onset and protracted course is described. The child was afebrile, tachypneic, with a staccato cough, conjunctivitis, eosinophilia and disseminated crepitations on auscultation. The chest X-ray showed extensive infiltration and hyperexpansion. Immunoglobulin fractions G and M and antibody titers against chlamydia trachomatis were elevated. These findings suggest the existence of chlamydial pneumonitis in small infants in Austria. It will only be possible to estimate the incidence of chlamydial disease when the appropriate microbiologic techniques are available.
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PMID:[Chlamydia trachomatis infant pneumonitis (author's transl)]. 746 35

The incidence of antibody and the clinical features of Chlamydia pneumoniae (C.pneumoniae) infection have not been studied in children in Japan. We investigated the incidence of C.pneumoniae antibody in sera from 580 healthy children (including 30 umbilical cord blood samples) during the 2-year period between June 1992 and June 1994. The antibody titer was determined by a microimmunofluorescence (MIF) test by using the elementary body of C.pneumoniae TW-183 as the antigen. Umbilical cord blood samples were positive for the antibody in 50% of newborns tested at birth. The incidence of positivity decreased to 0% in 1-year-old children. It was still low in children up to 5 years of age and then increased rapidly in children 6 years of age or older. The positivity reached increased rapidly in children 6 years of age or older. The positivity reached 55% in 7-year-old children and remained at this level in children older than 7 years of age. High antibody titer (IgG > or = 512), indicating recent infection, was observed in 13 (2.2%) of the 580 children, two of whom showed no symptoms. We detected the pathogen in throat swabs by culture and capillary polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and determined IgM and IgG serum titers to C.pneumoniae in 130 children with lower respiratory tract infection (91 with pneumonia and 39 with bronchitis) between December 1993 and December 1994. The infection due to C.pneumoniae was confirmed in 10 (7.7%). Of these, 7 were boys and 3 were girls, ranging in age from 9 months to 12 years. The clinical manifestations of the infection were mild symptoms like in common cold; post-nasal discharge, hoarseness and prolonged cough were relatively characteristic. There was no significant difference in the incidence of serum positivity between the healthy children group and the patients group. The present study suggests that primary-schoolers show antibodies for C.pneumoniae with nearly the same frequency as adults. Mild clinical symptoms are very common in C.pneumoniae infections in children as in adults.
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PMID:Chlamydia pneumoniae infection in children with lower respiratory tract infections. 756 62

Lower respiratory disease is a major source of morbidity in military recruits, with hospitalization rates for pneumonia more than 30 times that of the non-recruit population. The etiologic agent remains unknown in over 75% of cases. This study prospectively examined the etiology of pneumonia among recruits at Naval Training Center, San Diego, California. Recruits presenting with cough, fever, or shortness of breath and pulmonary infiltrates on chest X-ray were eligible for enrollment. A standardized scoring form and focused physical exam were completed on each subject. Sputum specimens were obtained for Gram's stain and culture, DNA probing for Legionella and Mycoplasma species, and direct fluorescent antibody staining for Legionella. Acute and convalescent serologies were performed for adenovirus, influenza A and B, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia group, and respiratory syncytial virus. Of 110 eligible patients, 100 consented to enrollment and 75 patients completed the study. Etiologic diagnoses were obtained in 40 of the patients (53%). M. pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and viruses accounted for the majority of infections. Mixed infections were seen in six patients. Forty-seven percent of patients had no diagnosis established. Pneumonia in this series of military recruits was frequently caused by M. pneumoniae and H. influenzae. Fifty percent of cases were undiagnosed with routinely available laboratory methods. Further studies are warranted to more clearly define the etiologic agents of recruit pneumonia and the utility of prophylactic measures.
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PMID:Pneumonia in military recruits. 787 Mar 17

A case of uncommon iritis due to Chlamydia pneumoniae (C. pneumoniae) is reported. The patient was a 9-year-old boy who had suffered from cough, pharyngeal pain, and low grade fever. The symptoms persisted for more than 1 month in spite of an oral cephem antibiotic. Ophthalmalgia, congestion around the iris and cough had lasted with alleviation and exacerbation. A diagnosis of C. pneumoniae infection was made by specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and microimmunofluorescence test (MIF). The symptoms subsided with administration of clarithromycin (CAM: 300 mg/day) for 2 weeks. Because of the simultaneous alleviation of iritis, C. pneumoniae infection was considered to introduce the iritis. Much remains to be clarified about this pathogenesis of iritis and more detailed evaluations are required.
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PMID:[A child with iritis due to Chlamydia pneumoniae infection]. 787 79

A 33-year-old man, who two months previously had been treated for bronchopneumonia with cefuroxime, fell ill again with cough, dyspnoea and fever up to 39.8 degrees C. Auscultation and lung function tests indicated respiratory tract obstruction. The chest radiograph revealed an infiltrate of the left lower lobe and bronchoscopy showed hypertrophic bronchitis. Empirical antibiotic treatment with clarithromycin (initially 500 mg twice daily, continued on half this dose) lead to rapid improvement of clinical symptoms and the patient could be discharged after 9 days. A follow-up examination 3 months later showed no abnormality. A cell culture procedure using bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained during bronchoscopy permitted the continuous demonstration of Chlamydia pneumoniae inclusions in HEp-2 host cells by immunofluorescence microscopy. In parallel, Chlamydia pneumoniae DNA was specifically demonstrated in the lavage fluid by use of the polymerase chain reaction. This is the first reported isolation of a replicative Chlamydia pneumoniae strain in Germany.
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PMID:[Isolation of Chlamydia pneumoniae in atypical pneumonia]. 795 70


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