Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Malignancy is the most common cause of the superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome. With the increasing use of intravascular devices, the incidence of the SVC syndrome arising from benign etiologies is increasing. We reviewed the etiology and outcome of 78 patients with SVC syndrome over 5 years. Malignancy was the etiology in 60% of the cases, and bronchogenic carcinoma was the most common malignancy. Small cell and non-small cell lung cancer accounted for 17 (22%) and 19 (24%) cases, respectively, but a higher percentage of patients with small-cell lung cancer developed the syndrome (6% vs 1%). Lymphoma and germ cell tumors were other significant malignant causes (8% and 3% of cases, respectively). An intravascular device was the most common etiology in benign cases (22 of 31 cases; 71%), with fibrosing mediastinitis the second most common benign etiology (6 cases). The most frequent signs and symptoms were face or neck swelling (82%), upper extremity swelling (68%), dyspnea (66%), cough (50%), and dilated chest vein collaterals (38%). Dyspnea at rest, cough, and chest pain were more frequent in the patients with malignancy. Procedures performed for diagnostic or treatment purposes did not increase morbidity or mortality.
 ...
PMID:The superior vena cava syndrome: clinical characteristics and evolving etiology. 1652 51

There are no data regarding quality of life (QoL) assessments in lung cancer in developing countries like India. Quality of life was evaluated in 76 newly diagnosed lung cancer patients by using the World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire in Hindi (WHOQoL-Bref) (men 87%). The mean age was 55 years (SD = 10). Cough, dyspnoea, chest pain and haemoptysis were present in 83%, 72%, 66% and 43% of patients respectively. The median duration of symptoms was 5.9 months (range 1-13). Eighty-nine per cent had non-small cell lung cancer. The median pack-years smoked was 23 (range 0.5-88). Most patients (53%) had a Karnofsky's Performance Status (KPS) of 70 and 83% had stage III or IV disease. Quality of life did not correlate with age, gender, presence or duration of symptoms, histological type, stage of disease or degree of smoking. The physical and psychological domains of QoL correlated significantly with the KPS (P = 0.001 and P = 0.01 respectively). Patients with a KPS of 80 had better physical (P < 0.001), psychological (P < 0.01) and social (P < 0.05) QoL than those with a KPS of 70. In conclusion, patients with lung cancer in a developing country like India have an unsatisfactory QoL. The Karnofsky's Performance Scale is a simple and reliable surrogate marker for assessing QoL in these patients. Larger multi-centric studies may help in providing a more comprehensive evaluation of the effect of various demographic and clinical variables on QoL in this setting.
 ...
PMID:Quality of life in newly diagnosed patients with lung cancer in a developing country: is it important? 1688 27

A 47-year-old man presented with a cough, sweating and a 14 kg. weight loss. Chest radiography revealed a 5 x 5 cm mass at the left upper lobe. Transthoracic needle biopsy revealed a non-small cell lung cancer. There were no metastases. We performed left upper lobectomy and autologous patch reconstruction of the left pulmonary artery. The patient was discharged on the 4th postoperative day.
 ...
PMID:Autologous patch reconstruction to pulmonary artery for left upper lobe tumour. 1729 Jul 11

We evaluated the clinical characteristics of 18 patients with lung cancer complicated by chronic renal failure at our department between November 1983 and September 2004. The 18 patients consisted of 17 men and 1 woman aged 60-81 years (mean, 70 years). Fifteen patients had non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and 3 had small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The stage of NSCLC was I in 7 patients, II in 2, and IV in 6. The stage of SCLC was localized disease (LD) in 2 patients and extensive disease (ED) in 1. The lung cancer was often detected due to symptoms such as cough and bloody sputum. Concerning treatment, surgery was mainly selected in patients with stage I NSCLC, but radiotherapy alone was often performed due to the wishes of patients in those with stage III or IV NSCLC. The outcome of patients who underwent chemotherapy with stage III or IV NSCLC was similar to patients with lung cancer not complicated by renal failure. In lung cancer patients with chronic renal failure, new hepatic excretion type anti-cancer drugs can be also used, but further evaluation is necessary.
 ...
PMID:[Lung cancer in patients with chronic renal failure]. 1731 20

We investigated the relationship between respiratory symptoms reported at one time and incidence of lung cancer the subsequent 30 years in an urban Norwegian population. A cohort of 19,998 persons, aged 15-70 years living in Oslo, was randomly selected for a respiratory survey in 1972. The response-rate was 89% and 17,670 respondents were followed up. The relationship between respiratory symptoms and lung cancer incidence was investigated separately for each symptom group, symptom score and sex, with adjustment for age, smoking habits and occupational exposure. Lung cancer developed in 352 persons (228 men and 124 women) during follow up. We found a significant positive association between the incidence of lung cancer and cough symptoms in both sexes, asthma-like symptoms among women and dyspnoea when walking uphill among men. The relative risk for lung cancer increased with the number of symptoms reported at baseline and was strongest the first decade and decreased with duration of follow up. This association was more pronounced for non-small cell lung cancer than for small cell lung cancer.
 ...
PMID:Impact of respiratory symptoms on lung cancer: 30-year follow-up of an urban population. 1795 69

The patient was a 63-year-old man who consulted our hospital with complaints of a cough and breathing difficulties. His chest CT revealed a 25-mm mass in his right S1 hilar area with spiculation, disseminated nodule in right lung, and pericardial effusions. Also, bronchoscope and TBLB revealed squamous cell carcinoma. This patient was diagnosed as lung cancer (cT4N3M1, stage IV), and chemotherapy was initiated. The chemotherapy was given in the order of CBDCA (AUC3) +GEM (1,000 mg/m(2)), DOC (60 mg/m(2)), and VNR (25 mg/m(2)), and the tumor response was PD. S- 1 (120 mg/body/day, continuous administration for 2 weeks followed by 1 week of rest) was chosen as fourth-line treatment, and a breast CT detected tumor size reduction following completion of the first course. However, after completion of three courses, the breast CT found tumor-enlargement again. Then the chemotherapy was changed to amrubicin (35 mg/m(2)), but the treatment was discontinued due to skin rash. We once experienced a size reduction with S-1, so S-1 (100 mg/body/day, day 1-14) plus CPT-11 (60 mg/m(2), day 1, 7, 14) combination chemotherapy was conducted at 4-week intervals. After two courses were completed, tumor size reduction was observed by breast XP and CT. The response rate was 40.0%. Currently, seven courses were completed, and we will continue this treatment due to the tumor response of SD. The S-1 single treatment and S-1+CPT-11 combination chemotherapy showed efficacy for this difficult case of NSCLC with refractoriness to multiple cancer drug chemotherapy. This combination treatment should be investigated further for its therapeutic benefit.
 ...
PMID:[A case of multidrug-resistant squamous cell lung carcinoma responding to S-1 plus CPT-11 combination chemotherapy]. 1834 99

Lung cancer in women is increasing in worldwide. This process beginning with the difference on the susceptibility of lung cancer in women smokers may be different from men in the prognosis. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the clinical features, and prognostic factors of female patients with lung cancer diagnosed between January 2000-December 2005. The data of 109 patients data was evaluated. The mean age was 59.40 +/- 11.56 and 17 (15.6%) patients were smokers. In 20 patients (18.3%) having a family history of cancer, 55% of them had a relative with lung cancer. In admission, cough (81.7%), dyspnea (78.9%), chest pain (40.3%) were the most frequent presenting symptoms. The most common site of tumoral lesion in bronchoscopy were right upper lobe (16.5%). In the study group histopathological diagnosis were as follows; adenocarcinoma (44.9%), small cell lung cancer (SCLC) (19.3%), squamous cell (10.1%), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) --undefined (22.0%), carsinoid tumors (2.8%), in non-smokers adenocarcinoma was significantly higher than smokers (44.9%/17.7%) (p< 0.001). 61.9% of NSCLC patients and 57.1% of SCLC patients had a stage IV disease at the initial evaluation. The most common sites of metastasis were bone (28.4%), liver (22.9%), and brain (11.9%), there were multiple metastasis in 10 patients. Median survival time was found as 288 days. In univariate analysis, comorbidity, primary tumor stage, bone metastasis, advanced disease stage, ECOG performance score >or= 2 and supportive care alone were poor prognostic factors. In multivariate analysis, poor performance status (p= 0.003), advanced disease stage (p= 0.002) and bone metastasis (p= 0.04) were negatively related to survival. In women, the definition of the clinical features, disease course and survival related factors may contribute to our future treatment approaches based on our national data.
 ...
PMID:[Lung cancer in women: clinical features and factors related to survival]. 1893 27

Patients affected with early stage (IA-IB) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), deemed medically inoperable, are usually treated by conventional 3D-CRT, with poor results in terms of local tumour control and survival. Hypofractionated stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) appears to be a valid alternative option, with high rates of local control and promising survival rates according to recent reported series. We herein report the final results of a prospective phase II trial of SBRT in 62 stage I NSCLC patients, homogeneously treated with three fractions of 15Gy each, given every other day during a 1 week time, up to a total dose of 45Gy; dose was prescribed to the 80%-isodose encompassing planning target volume. Patients were immobilized in a dedicated stereotactic body frame; margins around gross tumour volume were 5mm in the axial plane and 10mm in the longitudinal direction. Median age was 73.7 years. A pathologic confirmation of NSCLC was obtained in 64.5% of patients. Forty-three patients had stage IA and 19 stage IB disease. The majority of patients did not experience any toxicity; mild skin reactions, fatigue, dyspnea/cough or transient thoracic pain were recorded in approximately 10% of patients. With a median follow-up time of 28 months, 2 patients experienced an isolated local relapse, 4 an isolated nodal relapse and 15 a systemic failure. At 3 years, local control rate was 87.8%, cancer-specific survival 72.5%, overall survival 57.1%, with 8 out of 20 non-cancer related deaths. In multivariate analysis, tumour volume was associated with a better outcome. In our series, SBRT was well tolerated and confirmed its efficacy, with local control and survival rates globally superior to those reported using conventional radiotherapy. A longer follow-up is needed in order to establish a correct comparison with surgical series, and to fully ascertain a potential negative impact of SBRT on comorbidities of such a fragile patients population.
 ...
PMID:Stereotactic body radiation therapy for early stage non-small cell lung cancer: results of a prospective trial. 1955 22

A 77-year-old woman was diagnosed as having advanced non-small cell lung cancer, and was started on treatment with gefitinib. Fifty days after the start of treatment, the patient was admitted to the hospital with complaints of dry cough, fever, and shortness of breath. A diagnosis of gefitinib-induced interstitial lung disease was made, and administration of high-dose prednisolone (1 g/day of intravenous methylprednisolone for three consecutive days, followed by oral prednisolone at 50 mg/day) was started. Although progression to respiratory failure could be stopped by the corticosteroid treatment, there was still no improvement in either the lung opacities seen on radiologic imaging, or in the symptoms; moreover, the patient developed corticosteroid-induced myopathy. Therefore, in order to allow reduction of the daily steroid dose, the patient was started on intravenous cyclophosphamide (500 mg/day). This additional treatment allowed the daily dose of oral prednisolone to be reduced to 15 mg/day. Thus, it is considered that intravenous cyclophosphamide may be a valid treatment option for gefitinib-induced lung injury.
 ...
PMID:Gefitinib-induced interstitial lung disease-addition of intravenous cyclophosphamide to corticosteroids is a valuable treatment option: A case report. 1965 37

Para-toluenesulfonamide (PTS), active ingredient being PTS, is a new anticancer drug applied through local intratumoral injection. The aim of this phase II clinical trial was to investigate the response and toxicity of standard gemcitabine (GEM) plus cisplatin (CIS) chemotherapy with concurrent intratumoral injection of PTS in peripherally advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer. Patients received 1250 mg/m of GEM on day 1, 8, and 75 mg/m of CIS on day 1, every 21 days for four cycles. PTS was injected intratumorally through percutaneous injection under computed tomography guidance on days 5, 12, 15, and 18 of cycle 1, and repeated on days 5 and 12 of cycle 2 if a less than 50% necrotic area was achieved after the first cycle according to the computed tomography scan. Twelve (46.2%) patients had metastatic disease, whereas 14 (53.8%) patients had stage IIIB disease. All 26 patients were assessable for response. Overall response rate by intention-to-treat was 53.8% (95% confidence interval: 34.6-73.0%). Median progression-free survival and overall survival were 6.5 months (95% confidence interval: 3.8-10.2 months) and 14.5 months (10.0-18.0 months), respectively. One-year and 2-year survivals were 57.7 and 22.4%, respectively. The grade 3-4 hematologic adverse events were neutropenia in six patients (23.1%), anemia in three (11.5%), and thrombocytopenia in four patients (15.4%). Nonhematologic toxicities were generally mild and usually not dose-limiting. Although grade 1-2 emesis occurred in nine patients (34.6%), only one had grade 3 vomiting. Grade 1-2 cough, local pain, and peripheral neurotoxocity developed in 12 (46.2%), three (11.5%), and five (19.2%) patients, respectively. There were no treatment-related deaths. GEM/CIS chemotherapy with concurrent PTS local injection therapy is a well-tolerated modality with potential activity in previously untreated peripheral advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer patients.
 ...
PMID:Gemcitabine plus cisplatin chemotherapy with concurrent para-toluenesulfonamide local injection therapy for peripherally advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer larger than 3 cm in the greatest dimension. 1966 80


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>