Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) is a relatively rare adenocarcinoma that typically arises in the lung periphery and grows along alveolar walls, without destroying the lung parenchyma. It is often multicentric and may arise from a previously stable scar. Because the parenchyma is preserved and because BAC may arise simultaneously in multiple lobes, the chest radiograph and symptoms (cough, chest pain, and sputum production) may be indistinguishable from pneumonia or other noninfectious inflammatory processes (eg, hypersensitivity pneumonitis or bronchiolitis obliterans). The clinician should suspect BAC if what otherwise appears to be pneumonia lacks fever or leukocytosis or does not respond to antibiotics. BAC accounts for 2.6-4.3 % of all lung cancers. On a radiograph, BAC often appears as a solitary nodule, but may also appear as a patchy, lobar or multilobar infiltrates, often with air bronchograms indistinguishable from pneumonia. Positron-emission tomography does not help distinguish BAC from pneumonia. Among BAC patients, 62% present without symptoms and with only an abnormal radiograph, whereas 38% present with symptoms of cough, chest pain, and sputum production. Bronchoscopy is usually normal. Preoperative diagnosis with transbronchial biopsy, bronchoscopic cytology examination, or expectorated sputum cytology is more common with the diffuse or multicentric forms. Cure depends on complete resection. A trial of antibiotics and reassessment of clinical findings is a reasonable approach, but biopsy or cytology is the only means of ruling in malignancy and ruling out other etiologies, so biopsy should always be considered when a presumed pneumonia does not respond to antibiotics. I saw a 61-year-old man whose initial diagnosis was pneumonia. He took a 10-day course of oral azithromycin, but his symptoms and chest radiograph were unchanged. A tomogram showed interstitial prominence and peripheral air-space disease in the right upper and lower lobes. Transbronchial biopsy of the right upper lobe showed Clara cells, with substantial atypia and various nuclear-cytoplasmic ratios. The underlying pulmonary architecture was preserved and no invasive component was seen. The diagnosis was changed to nonmucinous BAC. Pneumonectomy was successful and he was cancer-free for about 10 months, after which the cancer returned and from which he eventually died.
 ...
PMID:Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma masquerading as pneumonia. 1556 52

Two Japanese females complained of cough and bronchorrhea for which chest radiographs showed infiltrate in the lungs. The patients were subsequently diagnosed as having bronchioloalveolar carcinoma by transbronchial lung biopsy. After receiving systemic chemotherapy, their symptoms were slightly improved. A few months later, their bronchorrhea and dyspnea worsened, and they were then treated with gefitinib, a selective epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Bronchorrhea and dyspnea were improved within 24 h after treatment with gefitinib where the improvement was evident after 6 h for one patient and 24 h for the other patient. Thereafter, their radiological findings showed gradual improvement. Rapid relief of bronchorrhea preceded the improvement seen by the radiological findings. These observations suggest that gefitinib may inhibit mucin production as well as exert anti-proliferative activity against bronchioloalveolar carcinoma.
 ...
PMID:Novel effects of gefitinib on mucin production in bronchioloalveolar carcinoma; two case reports. 1594 98

An 8-year-old girl was evaluated for a mass in the left pulmonary lobe. Her clinical history was remarkable for an intermittent dry cough since the age of 2, with recurrent episodes of purulent sputum and fever. She underwent left lower lobectomy, which was found to be a bronchioloalveolar carcinoma arising in a type 1 congenital pulmonary airway malformation at pathologic examination. No additional therapies were undertaken. Two years after resection, imaging studies showed 5 contralateral pulmonary nodules suggestive of disseminated disease with a poor outcome. A review of presentation, treatment, and outcome of this association was made.
 ...
PMID:Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma arising in a congenital pulmonary airway malformation in a child: case report with an update of this association. 1750 69

A 52-year-old woman with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) developed weight loss, cough, and breathing difficulties, accompanied by extensive bilateral pulmonary infiltrates. A lengthy infectious disease and autoimmune workup failed to reveal the etiology or produce benefit. Expert pathology review raised the possibility of pure bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. The patient was treated with erlotinib and achieved a dramatic and prolonged response to treatment. After 14 months a solitary lung nodule developed which was excised. This demonstrated an invasive adenocarcinoma with an activating epidermal growth factor receptor mutation (exon 19 deletion). As this nodule had developed in the presence of erlotinib, this deletion is only presumed to reflect the initial driver of erlotinib sensitivity. Known acquired resistance mechanisms were explored, but the lesion was negative for both exon 20 T790M gatekeeper mutations and cMET gene copy number alterations. An as yet unknown mechanism of acquired resistance is therefore assumed to be involved in this case. We discuss the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer in HIV-positive populations and review the general and specific characteristics of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, including response to epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors, and known mechanisms of acquired resistance. The predilection for lung cancer in HIV-positive patients, the diffuse nature of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma that can mimic infectious etiologies and the potential for dramatic responses to therapy make this an important diagnosis to consider in this setting.
 ...
PMID:Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma presenting as chronic progressive pulmonary infiltrates in a woman with HIV: a diagnosis worth making. 1897 72

An endobronchial polyp was visible radiographically and bronchoscopically in an 11-year-old, mixed-breed dog with a persistent cough. The polyp was removed by traction. Initial histological examination suggested it was a myxomatous fibroma. The cough resolved but recurred with polyp regrowth. Two additional lung masses became visible radiographically. The polyp was removed twice more at 6-month intervals. Euthanasia was performed 15 months after first presentation when coughing recurred soon after the final bronchoscopy. Histological examination revealed that the mass was a myxomatous sarcoma. The lung contained two other unrelated tumors: a bronchioloalveolar carcinoma and a carcinoma of unknown origin.
 ...
PMID:Endobronchial polyp derived from a myxosarcoma in the lung of a dog. 1898 Nov 98

Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma remains one of the most enigmatic lung cancers, demonstrating varied growth patterns, mixed histological features, and confusing clinical manifestations. This paper reports a case of an unusual form of presentation: a sclerosing type associated with desmoplastic reaction and cicatrization. A 75-year-old woman was admitted with persistent dry cough and progressive dyspnea. Physical examination showed bilateral inspiratory crackles. A chest radiograph and high-resolution computed tomography demonstrated confluent airspace nodules, forming areas of consolidation in both lungs, with signs of architectural distortion. The lung biopsy revealed a nonmucinous sclerosing bronchioloalveolar carcinoma.
 ...
PMID:Sclerosing variant of the bronchioloalveolar carcinoma: imaging findings in an atypical case. 2058 17

The case of a 59-year-old female complaining of cough of recent onset, abundant salty expectoration and lung condensation is presented. This "triad" constitutes a rare but nearly pathognomonic presentation of mucinous bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) of the lung.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical case of the month. The "classic" triad presentation of mucinous bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma]. 2118 25

Association between progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) and lung malignancy is rare yet well recognised. In order of frequency bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) is most common followed by squamous cell carcinoma, oat cell carcinoma, anaplastic carcinoma of lung. We present a 55 year old non-smoker male patient with PSS, who presented to us with progressively increasing shortness of breath and dry cough. Initially clinico-radiologically he was provisionally diagnosed as a case of non-resolving pneumonia. Subsequent investigations revealed it is a case of squamous cell carcinoma of lung with PSS.
 ...
PMID:Squamous cell carcinoma lung with progressive systemic sclerosis. 2378 72

Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma is a form of adenocarcinoma. Its clinical presentation spans the entire spectrum from asymptomatic solitary pulmonary nodule to full presentation with cough, hemoptysis and dyspnea. Clinical symptoms usually are in correlation with the extent of disease. The case we present here is a patient in late stage of disease with few symptoms regarding to the extent of disease involvement.
...
PMID:Case report of the bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. 2570 95

Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) is a unique lung neoplasm with variable forms, such as single nodular, multifocal and lobar pneumonic types. The pneumonic type BAC is often difficult to differentiate from pneumonia. Here we present a case of 63-year-old Chinese male, who had recurrent cough, white sputum with pneumonic lesions in left lower lobe. He suffered from lung biopsies for three times, and finally diagnosed as high differentiated adenocarcinoma 8 years later. He was treated with four cycles of pemetrexed and cisplatin, and four cycles of docetaxel and nedaplatin. However, he did not achieve disease stabilization and is still under follow up. This case suggests that, pneumonic type adenocarcinoma may radiographically and clinically resemble infectious pneumonia. Lack of fever and leukocytosis, no response to antibiotics, air bronchogram, and accompanied nodules or patches in computed tomography (CT) scans should raise suspicion about the diagnosis of pneumonia. Lung biopsy might be the only means of ruling in a diagnosis of BAC.
...
PMID:Recurrent "pneumonia" in left lower lobe lasting for 8 years: a case report. 2741 17


<< Previous 1 2 3 Next >>