Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Reports is the case of a 21-year-old student, who received a medical examination at our Department for an abnormal chest shadow that had been detected during a periodic health examination at his university. No special subjective symptoms such as a cough and/or sputa, pyrexia, pectoralgia, and dyspnea were noted. A thyroid tumor was palpable and a 99mTc thyroid scintigram and a 201Tl thyroid tumor scintigram gave cause to suspect thyroid cancer and a metastatic lung tumor. A total thyroidectomy and a right modified neck dissection revealed a tumor (histologically, a papillary cancer), 3.5 cm in diameter, that mainly involved the right lobe. It was found that 131I-100 mCi internal irradiation was very effective for the metastatic lung tumor, and no abnormal shadow was subsequently revealed by chest X-ray. Now, 6 years later, he is alive with no manifestations of a local relapse nor any abnormal chest X-ray findings.
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PMID:[Metastatic lung tumor of a thyroid cancer origin detected by a periodic health examination--a case of a complete response]. 229 94

From Jan 1981 through Oct. 1988, fiberoptic bronchoscopic examination was undertaken in 390 patients with hemoptysis and basically normal chest roentgenogram or prominent pulmonary markings. A diagnosis of malignancy was made in sixteen cases (4.1 percent). The positive rates in was higher in those were heavy smokers or in patients of age greater than 40 years, whose bloody sputum rate were significantly higher than non-smoking patients whose age were less than 40 years, and patients coughed up cupfull of blood intermittently, (P less than 0.005). The absolute indication of bronchoscopic examination in patients with hemopstysis and a basically normal chest X-ray film are those who are greater than 40 years old, heavy smokers, coughing up bloody sputum and no improvement by active treatment for two weeks.
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PMID:[Bronchoscopic evaluation of 390 cases of hemoptysis without definite abnormality on the chest roentgenogram]. 237 57

Fifty-four cases (55 foci) of primary tracheal malignancies were reviewed retrospectively. Radiologic material was available in 32 cases (33 tracheal foci). The most frequent primary malignant tumor of the trachea was squamous cell carcinoma (54.5%), followed by adenoid cystic carcinoma (18%) and adenocarcinoma (9%). The radiologic appearance of the tumors could be divided into intraluminal, wall-thickening, and exophytic forms. Wall-thickening and exophytic forms in this study accounted for 62% of the tumors. This indicates that malignant tumors of the trachea tend to extraluminal invasion. Tomography and computed tomography are the most helpful methods of radiologic examination for tracheal tumors. Bronchoscopy and radiologic examination are complementary procedures. The chief advantage of imaging is the demonstration of tracheal wall thickening and extraluminal changes. Hemoptysis, dyspnea, and cough were the most common symptoms. Four cases (7%) in our series presented as thyroid tumors due to direct extension into the thyroid gland. Fifteen of the 54 cases (28%) were associated with other carcinomas of the head and neck and the lung.
Cancer 1990 Sep 01
PMID:Primary malignant tumors of the trachea. A radiologic and clinical study. 238 16

This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness and efficacy of intracordal silicone injection in the treatment of cordal paralysis after thoracic surgery or due to tumor invasion of the recurrent nerve. A total of twenty two patients with cordal paralysis was treated with this procedure. The cause of the cordal paralysis was injury to the recurrent nerve incurred during operation for oesophageal or lung cancer in nineteen patients, and direct invasion of malignant neoplasm to the recurrent nerve in the other three patients. Among the nineteen postoperative patients, fifteen underwent silicone injection 15 to 75 days after thoracic operations during hospitalization. The other four patients were treated after discharge from the hospital. The complaints of the fifteen patients who were treated during hospitalization were dysphonia, aspiration and inability to remove sputum. After treatment, dysphonia had improved in all of these fifteen patients, and aspiration had disappeared in thirteen patients. In four patients who were treated with this procedure 7 months following thoracic operation and three who had cordal paralysis due to invasion of malignant tumors, in all of whom aspiration had not been noted, dysphonia disappeared completely after the silicone injection. To evaluate the effect of silicone injection on the patients' cough force, the intratracheal pressure during cough was measured in patients before and immediately after the treatment. The maximum intrathecal pressure was 25 (+/- 16.57) mmHg before silicone injection. After the procedure, the maximum pressure rose to 95 (+/- 18.13) mmHg. Following the procedure, the patients who had suffered severe debilitating aspiration could remove sputum easily.
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PMID:[The evaluation of intracordal silicone injection in patients with postoperative recurrent nerve paralysis]. 239 92

The first known case of primary anterior mediastinal endodermal sinus (yolk sac) tumor in a female patient, occurring in a 20-month-old infant, is reported. The child presented with cough, fever, and listlessness. Chest x-ray revealed a right anterior mediastinal mass. At thoracotomy a large anterior mediastinal tumor extending from the neck to the diaphragm was found, and was almost totally resected. Microscopically, the tumor displayed many of the histologic patterns observed in EST. Other neoplastic germ cell elements were not identified. The ultrastructural and immunohistochemical findings further confirmed the diagnosis. Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level, determined during surgery, was elevated to 65,200 ng/ml, whereas serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin level was normal. Postoperatively, combination chemotherapy consisting of vinblastine, bleomycin, cisplatin, dactinomycin, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin was administered with a maintenance program. After 18 weeks on this regimen all the findings were normal, including serum AFP level. The child is well and disease-free 25 months after diagnosis.
Cancer 1985 Sep 15
PMID:Anterior mediastinal endodermal sinus (yolk sac) tumor in a female infant. 241 78

Palliative therapy for previously irradiated patients with symptomatic recurrent endobronchial malignancy is a difficult problem. We have had the opportunity to treat 20 such patients with high dose rate (50-100 rad/min) endobronchial brachytherapy. Eligible patients had received previous high dose thoracic irradiation (TDF greater than or equal to 90), a performance status of greater than or equal to 50, and symptoms caused by a bronchoscopically defined and implantable lesion. The radiation is produced by a small cobalt-60 source (0.7 Ci) remotely afterloaded by cable control. The source is fed into a 4 mm diameter catheter which is placed with bronchoscopic guidance; it may oscillate if necessary to cover the lesion. A dose of 1,000 rad at 1 cm from the source is delivered. We have performed 22 procedures in 20 patients, four following YAG laser debulking. Most had cough, some with hemoptysis. Eight had dyspnea secondary to obstruction and three had obstructive pneumonitis. In 12, symptoms recurred with a mean time to recurrence of 4.3 months (range 1-9 months). Eighteen patients were followed-up and reexamined via bronchoscope 1-2.5 months following the procedure; two were lost to follow-up. All had at least 50 percent clearance of tumor, and six had complete clearance; most regressions were documented on film or videotape. In six, the palliation was durable. The procedure has been well tolerated with no toxicity. We conclude that palliative endobronchial high dose rate brachytherapy is a useful palliative modality in patients with recurrent endobronchial symptomatic carcinoma.
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PMID:High dose rate intraluminal irradiation in recurrent endobronchial carcinoma. 241 6

Dysphagia, regurgitation and hypersalivation due to local destruction or incessant coughing in the presence of a tracheo-broncho-esophageal fistula become the most important distressing factors in the end stage of malignancies in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Inevitably such patients have a short life expectancy. It is often desirable to avoid the morbidity associated with surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy. The non-operative insertion of a prosthesis is increasingly being carried out to palliate malignant dysphagia.
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PMID:Endoscopic prosthesis for advanced esophageal cancer. 242 9

Neodymium-yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser treatments were performed in 70 patients aged 62 +/- 10 (1 SD) years for incomplete malignancy-induced obstruction of the trachea or main bronchi, or both, associated with uncontrolled cough, dyspnea, atelectasis/pneumonia, and hemoptysis. Forty-three patients had been treated with surgical techniques, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy, or all three, while 27 patients were untreated before laser therapy because of acute respiratory distress. Laser treatment produced palliative improvement in 81% of the treated group (35 of 43), with survival of 4.3 +/- 3.9 months. Unsuccessfully laser-treated patients survived 0.7 +/- 0.4 month (p less than .05). Eighty-five percent of the untreated patients (23 of 27) showed postlaser improvement, with survival of 8.5 +/- 6.9 months. Unsuccessfully laser-treated patients survived 1.4 +/- 0.6 months (p less than .05). Twenty-three of the 27 previously untreated patients underwent radiation therapy after laser treatment. Laser treatments also were administered to 23 patients aged 61 +/- 13 years with complete obstruction of the main bronchi. Of this group, 17 patients had been treated and 6 had not been treated before the laser therapy. Laser treatment was successful in 47% of the treated patients (8 of 17), but there was no difference (p greater than .05) in survival between successfully and unsuccessfully treated patients (3.0 +/- 2.5 vs. 2.9 +/- 4.6 months). Similarly, laser treatment was successful in 50% of the untreated patients (3 of 6), and there was also no difference (p greater than .05) in survival between successfully and unsuccessfully treated patients (3.4 +/- 3.5 vs. 3.5 +/- 2.8 months).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Neodymium-yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser in lung cancer. 243 45

A medical surveillance program has been established for 482 persons who were potentially exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dibenzo-p-dioxins, and dibenzofurans from an electrical transformer fire in a Binghamton, NY office building in 1981. Vital Record and Cancer Registry data, medical records, and mail questionnaires were used to assess mortality, symptomatology, cancer incidence, and reproductive events through 1984. The numbers of deaths, cancers, fetal deaths, and infants with low birth weight or congenital malformations were similar to those expected on the basis of age- and sex-specific rates for upstate New York and other comparison populations. Two suicides were observed compared with 0.31 expected, but the difference was not statistically significant. After adjustment for possible confounders, persons with the greatest degree of potential exposure were significantly more likely than those with less exposure to report unexplained weight loss (relative risk [RR] = 12.80), muscle pain (RR = 5.07), frequent coughing (RR = 4.14), skin color changes (RR = 3.49), and nervousness or sleep problems (RR = 3.19). The possibility of recall bias and the intervening effects of stress, however, weaken the conclusion that toxic chemicals caused the symptomatology. Exposure-related systemic disorders, e.g., chloracne or peripheral neuropathy, were not diagnosed by personal physicians; however, some persons refused to release their medical records because of ongoing litigation. The findings are consistent with those of our earlier assessment.
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PMID:Health effects three years after potential exposure to the toxic contaminants of an electrical transformer fire. 250 40

Between 1940 and 1985, 24 cases of primary carcinoma of the trachea were registered at the London Regional Cancer Centre. The most common presenting symptoms were hoarseness, haemoptysis and cough. Twenty patients had epidermoid carcinoma and four had adenoid cystic carcinoma. Because of different clinical behaviours, the two histologies were separately analyzed. Of the 20 patients with epidermoid carcinoma, 19 received radiotherapy as primary treatment and one patient did not receive radiotherapy because of advanced disease. Radiation doses ranged from 4000 to 6000 cGy and most patients had megavoltage irradiation. Treatment result was disappointing. Only one patient remained disease-free at 15-month follow-up and all other patients had persistent or recurrent tracheal tumour. Median survival for all 20 patients was 5 months (range 1 to 19 months). Of the four patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma, two had primary surgery and postoperative radiotherapy and two had primary radiotherapy. Two patients died of disease, at 5 months and 8 years from diagnosis. Two surviving patients had 15-month follow-up: one had persistent disease and the other was free from recurrence. In this study, radiotherapy within the range of doses given was found to be an ineffective primary treatment for tracheal carcinoma.
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PMID:Radiotherapy for primary carcinoma of the trachea. 254 38


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