Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The antitussive Libexin was synthesized in the Research Laboratory of CHINOIN Pharmaceutical and Chemical Works Ltd., Budapest. Observations of the drug in different disease groups have been surveyed on the basis of data published over more than twenty years. According to the unanimous opinion of the authors the drug does not depress respiration, it rather improves the values of the respiratory function. The majority of the examining physicians are on the opinion that it does not hinder expectoration. The drug proved to be of high value in alleviating nocturnal coughing controlling spastic bronchitis in children, as a pretreatment before bronchological examinations and their anaesthesia. It may successfully be used in both acute and chronic bronchitises in preoperative and postoperative cases, in cardiology, otorhinolaryngology and paediatrics.
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PMID:Fifteen years of experience on the use of Libexin tablets. 266 94

A double blind vs placebo study was carried out to study the effect of letosteine on the symptoms and clinical course of paediatric patients suffering from acute febrile bronchitis. Forty children were recruited for the research: 20 were treated with letosteine in a dose of 25 mg x 3 g/die and 20 with placebo; treatment lasted 10 days. The following parameters were assessed during the trial: body temperature, cough, thoracic objectivity, respiratory function indices. The results of the study show that in the letosteine treated group there is a statistically significant decrease in fever, a favourable evolution of thoracic objectivity and an improvement in certain respiratory function parameters (MEF 75, PEF). It is concluded that treatment with letosteine leads to a significant increase in the rate of regression of thoracic symptomatology and a faster, more substantial reduction in fever in children suffering from acute bronchitis. This is probably the result of drug action on mucus viscosity, restoring optimal mucociliary clearance, and through action fostering the penetration of antibacterial substances into the mucus.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of letosteine activity in the treatment of acute febrile bronchitis in children. Double-blind controlled study versus placebo]. 269 29

Forty-five acutely ill, coughing patients, three with acute dyspnea and cardiomegaly, and 37 control subjects were placed in lateral decubitus positions for auscultation of their dependent lungs to determine if this maneuver would elicit inspiratory crackles, signs of pneumonia. In the upright position, auscultation of the lungs was normal in all control subjects and in lateral decubitus positions their dependent lungs revealed transient late inspiratory crackles in seven of the 37 (18.9%), and transient inspiratory peeling sounds in two others (5.4%). Thirteen acutely ill, coughing patients, free of prior cardiac and pulmonary diseases, had persistent late inspiratory crackles induced in one or both dependent lungs when placed in lateral decubitus positions. These dependent lungs also revealed increased numbers of crackles in three patients, late inspiratory squeaks in four, and wheezes in three others. In the upright position, auscultation of the lungs was normal in 10 of these patients, and a few basilar crackles were heard in three others. All of these abnormal findings cleared after treatment with antibiotics. Thirty-one of 32 acutely ill, coughing patients with bronchitis, sinusitis, or pharyngitis were free of induced crackles in dependent lungs in lateral decubitus positions. However, placement of two other patients in these positions appeared to have elicited the inspiratory crackles of chronic pulmonary disease and early congestive heart failure. These observations suggest that placement of acutely ill, coughing patients into lateral decubitus positions for auscultation of the dependent lungs may be a valuable maneuver for diagnosis of pneumonia.
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PMID:Detection of pneumonia by auscultation of the lungs in the lateral decubitus positions. 280 64

The relationship between angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) and the development of cough was studied in 80 patients. Cough developed in 25 (31%). Seventeen patients had detailed respiratory investigations of whom 12 developed a new cough. Five of the 12 patients had a remission on placebo and recurrence on rechallenge. Cough does occur with ACE inhibitors but there are other possible causes of cough such as asthma, bronchitis, smoking and heart failure. The true incidence of new cough with ACE inhibitors is uncertain at present.
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PMID:Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and cough. 283 99

Irwin and co-workers have designed an anatomic approach to the diagnosis and treatment of cough. In their hands, diagnosis was consistently determined and treatment successful almost without exception, if sustained. We reviewed the results of a similar approach in 139 consecutive and unselected patients referred to pulmonary specialists in two community hospitals. Thirty-nine patients demonstrated hyperreactive airways (HA) by carbachol inhalation and/or eucapnic hyperventilation of cold air. Twenty-seven of 78 without HA had postnasal drip, and 13 of 78 had a persistent cough following acute upper airway inflammation. Other less common diagnoses included chronic bronchitis, gastro-esophageal reflux, occupational bronchitis, interstitial lung disease, and psychologic causes. We were able to find the cause of cough 88 percent of the time. Treatment adjusted for noncompliance was not always a success. While all patients with HA improved, 8 percent of patients without HA or specific diagnosis did not have an improvement in their cough upon retrospective inquiry. Based on this analysis, we find that the diagnosis and treatment of cough may not be as successful as originally reported using Irwin's approach.
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PMID:Chronic persistent cough. Experience in diagnosis and outcome using an anatomic diagnostic protocol. 292

One of the most important characteristics of asthma is its association with non specific bronchial hyperresponsiveness. This is diagnosed by histamine bronchial challenge tests. This latter is an easy procedure but requires a precise and standardized methodology. We have analysed, in a large group of bronchial challenge tests (n = 162) the clinical correlations with bronchial response to histamine. Our conclusions are in agreement with several recent literature, and may be summarised as follows: 1. more than 10% of patients, clinically considered as asthmatics do not show bronchial hyperresponsiveness and probably will not benefit from bronchodilators; 2. several aspecific respiratory symptoms (cough, chest tightness, blocked nose and sneezing, recurrent bronchitis, etc...) are frequently associated with bronchial hyperresponsiveness and should be considered as asthmatic manifestations. To conclude, we recommend to realise a histamine non specific challenge test in all cases of clinical suspicion of asthma (with normal lung function at basal state) and in all subjects presenting chest symptoms of uncertain etiology.
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PMID:[Screening in asthma]. 292 8

The rectus sheath hematoma is a generally rare disease, however the frequency of occurrence has increased with introduction of anticoagulant therapy. It almost always mimics the symptoms of acute abdomen. In 7 out of 14 cases, which we observed, an anticoagulant therapy was administered. During this therapy 5 rectus sheath hematomas occurred spontaneously. In the remaining 2 patients severe coughing attacks were reported additionally. The case histories of the other 7 patients included 3 patients with bronchitis, 2 patients with trauma and 2 patients without a relevant history ("spontaneous"). The correct diagnosis of rectus sheath hematoma could primarily be revealed by sonography in 8 of 14 patients, after which an appropriate therapy followed. In 6 patients a laparotomy was performed, because rectus sheath hematoma was not considered. The correct diagnosis was found intraoperatively as a surprising assessment. By inclusion of rectus sheath hematoma in the differential diagnosis of acute abdomen and the verification by sonography an emergency laparotomy because of a false diagnosis in the often severe ill patients can be avoided in favour of a minor and more appropriate procedure.
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PMID:[Acute rectus sheath hematoma (differential diagnosis of acute abdomen)]. 294 65

A health survey of 2,039 persons in 606 households located near the Stringfellow Hazardous Waste Disposal site, Riverside County, California, and in a reference community was conducted to assess whether rates of adverse health outcomes were elevated among persons living near the site. Data included a household questionnaire, medical records of reported cancers and pregnancies, and birth and death certificates. The study areas appeared similar with respect to mortality, cancer incidence, and pregnancy outcomes. In contrast, rate ratios were greater than 1.5 for 5 of 19 reported diseases, i.e., ear infections, bronchitis, asthma, angina pectoris, and skin rashes. Prevalence odds ratios for 23 symptoms were uniformly greater than 1.0, and 8 symptoms had odds ratios greater than 1.5: blurred vision, pain in ears, daily cough for more than a month, nausea, frequent diarrhea, unsteady when walking, and frequent urination. The apparent broad-based elevation in reported diseases and symptoms may reflect increased perception or recall of conditions by respondents living near the site. These results indicate that future community-based health studies should include medical and psychosocial assessment instruments sufficient to distinguish between changes in health status and effects of resident reporting tendency.
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PMID:A health study of two communities near the Stringfellow Waste Disposal site. 317 89

The effect of passive smoking on respiratory symptoms of children aged 5 to 11 years was investigated in over 4000 English children and nearly 800 Scottish children participating in the National Study of Health and Growth in 1982. After adjusting for associations of respiratory symptoms with age, sex, and a number of potentially confounding variables, significant associations were found of wheeze, both occasional and persistent, day or night cough, and bronchitis attacks with number of cigarettes smoked by parents at home for English children and for occasional wheeze in Scottish children. Asthma attacks and cough first thing in the morning showed positive but not statistically significant associations in English children. The presence of at least one condition was statistically significant in both English and Scottish children. The largest relative risk for exposure to 20 cigarettes a day compared to no exposure was 1.60 for persistent wheeze in English children (95% confidence interval 1.17-2.18).
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PMID:Passive smoking and respiratory conditions in primary school children. 322 Nov 59

Airway responsiveness to inhaled histamine was examined in two groups of carefully selected patients with nonasthmatic chronic obstructive airways disease (COAD). Twelve patients with chronic bronchitis and airflow obstruction but little emphysema and 13 with predominantly emphysema and airflow obstruction but little bronchitis were selected based on history, chest roentgenogram, and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (Dsb). Emphysema patients had less cough, less sputum, less chronic bronchitis, lower Dsb, and more radiographic evidence of vascular deficiency. There was no difference in anthropometric features, smoking history, atopic skin sensitivity, hemoglobin, blood eosinophilia, PaO2, PaCO2, ECG, lung volumes, or expiratory flow rates. The two groups had similar airway responsiveness to inhaled histamine; the geometric mean provocation concentrations producing a 20 percent FEV1 fall (PC20) was 0.56 mg/ml for the bronchitis patients and 0.28 mg/ml for the emphysema patients (p greater than 0.20). Regression of log histamine PC20 vs percent predicted FEV1 showed a high correlation in both groups (r = 0.73, p less than 0.01 in bronchitis and r = 0.79, p less than 0.001 in emphysema). The regression lines were almost identical. These data suggest that in COAD bronchial responsiveness to inhaled histamine is mainly due to the altered airway geometry, and that there is no difference in histamine responsiveness between patients with emphysematous COAD and nonemphysematous COAD with chronic bronchitis.
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PMID:Airway responsiveness to inhaled histamine in chronic obstructive airways disease. Chronic bronchitis vs emphysema. 340 23


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