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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 50 percent or greater savings in oxygen usage and aesthetic benefits leading to increased compliance are reasons for increasing use of the transtracheal catheter for administration of home supplemental oxygen. Minor complications of the procedure are common and include catheter dislodgement, bronchospasm, subcutaneous emphysema, bleeding at the catheter site, as well as hemoptysis and wound infections. Rare complications include retroflexion of the catheter into the upper trachea from coughing, and fracture of the catheter with loss in the trachea. New, improved catheters and detailed descriptions for operator use may reduce the frequency of these complications. This report describes a potentially serious complication of a transtracheal catheter system which resulted despite appropriate use and care of the catheter.
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PMID:Endotracheal mass resulting from a transtracheal oxygen catheter. 333 22

Eighteen children aged 6 to 11 years old who fulfilled criteria for the diagnosis of neonatal meconium aspiration syndrome were investigated to find out the prevalence of previous and current respiratory symptoms, and abnormal pulmonary function tests, chest radiographs, and ventilation scans. Eleven of the 18 had no respiratory symptoms and eight of these had normal pulmonary function on testing. Two had mild limitation of expiratory airflow that did not respond to treatment with bronchodilators, and one had exercise induced bronchospasm that responded to treatment with bronchodilators. Seven of the 18 had recurrent cough and wheezing compatible with a diagnosis of asthma, and five of these had appreciable exercise induced bronchospasm that responded to treatment with bronchodilators. None of the children with symptoms had a personal or family history of atopy or had had acute bronchiolitis. All chest radiographs were normal. We found a much higher prevalence of asthmatic symptoms and abnormal bronchial reactivity among survivors of neonatal meconium aspiration syndrome than in the general childhood population. Aspiration of meconium may have long term consequences for the developing respiratory tract and is associated with abnormal respiratory function in later childhood.
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PMID:Pulmonary function in children after neonatal meconium aspiration syndrome. 336 5

Acute bronchitis is a common syndrome characterized by upper respiratory tract infection accompanied by productive cough in persons without chronic lung disease. As a first step in investigating the potential role of pulmonary airflow disturbances in acute bronchitis, 27 adult patients with acute bronchitis performed serial pulmonary function tests and daily peak flow measurements and completed daily symptom diaries. Eleven patients (40 percent) had a forced expiratory volume of the first second (FEV1) at entry less than 80 percent of predicted. Mean FEV1, forced midexpiratory flow rate (FEF25-75), and peak flow measures showed steady improvement over the five-week period. Differences between initial and final flow rates were statistically significant. These changes were particularly evident when two groups were created by stratifying by "abnormal" (FEV1 less than or equal to 80 percent predicted) and "normal" (FEV1 greater than 80 percent predicted) initial FEV1. Total duration of cough and subjective ratings of cough severity were not predicted by initial FEV1, but work absence was significantly higher in the abnormal group. The finding of reversible airway obstruction suggests a role for bronchospasm in many cases of acute bronchitis and calls for further research regarding proof of rapid reversibility and treatment with bronchodilators.
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PMID:Pulmonary function tests in acute bronchitis: evidence for reversible airway obstruction. 362 41

We describe a patient presenting with painless jaundice, anorexia and pruritus. The gall bladder was found to be lying above and behind a hypoplastic right lobe of liver. There was no evidence of cholangitis or biliary obstruction. The patient subsequently developed a bronchobiliary fistula with severe wheeze, cough and bile-stained sputum. Emergency percutaneous drainage of the gall bladder led to immediate cessation of bronchospasm and biloptysis, rendering the patient fit for definitive surgery.
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PMID:Bronchobiliary fistula due to acute cholecystitis in a suprahepatic gall bladder. 368 37

The relationship between the common acute bronchitis syndrome and atopic disease was examined using a retrospective, case-control method. The charts of 116 acute bronchitis patients and of a control group of 60 patients with irritable colon syndrome were reviewed for evidence of previous and subsequent atopic disease or asthma. Bronchitis patients were more likely to have a previous history of asthma, a personal history or diagnosis of atopic disease, and more previous and subsequent visits for acute bronchitis. The main finding of the study was a tenfold increase in the subsequent visit rate for asthma in the acute bronchitis group. Thirty percent of patients with acute bronchitis made return visits for unresolved cough despite an 83 percent rate of antibiotic use. These findings challenge the common belief that the symptoms of acute bronchitis are solely infectious in origin and suggest the involvement of occult bronchospasm.
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PMID:An association between acute bronchitis and asthma. 379 12

Crying-induced bronchospasm (CIB), cough and/or wheeze greater than or equal to 5 minutes during or after crying behavior, is a common feature of childhood asthma. Sixty CIB patients were evaluated during a 6-month clinical treatment study consisting of environmental and pharmacologic (xanthines, beta-agonist stimulants, and corticosteroids) interventions. Both CIB (P = .007) and non-CIB (P = .0005) symptoms were significantly reduced. CIB asthma had lesser reduction in wheezing than non-CIB (P less than .001), suggesting that nebulized medication and/or behavioral interventions may be of benefit to further reduce CIB symptoms.
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PMID:Crying-induced bronchospasm in childhood asthma: response to medical management. 397 Mar 87

Ten patients, aged 7 to 16 years, were prospectively evaluated for chronic cough of more than 4 months duration. All patients denied wheezing, but in addition to cough complained of chronic obstructive nasal symptoms. Sinus roentgenograms were consistent with sinusitis in 7/10 patients. Methacholine bronchial provocation was positive in 6/9 patients. The patients were recalled for a 2-year follow-up evaluation. Of seven follow-up patients, bronchial asthma had developed in three, two patients had chronic cough and exercise-induced bronchospasm, and two patients had chronic cough without wheezing. Methacholine bronchial provocation was positive in 6/6 patients. Sinus roentgenograms were compatible with sinusitis in 4/7 patients. Chronic cough in some children may be a complaint of diffuse hyperreactive airways complicated by sinusitis. In some of the children the clinical course evolved into a diffuse respiratory tract disorder including chronic obstructive eosinophilic rhinitis, recurrent or chronic sinusitis and bronchial asthma. An IgE-mediated mechanism usually could not be shown in the pathogenesis.
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PMID:Chronic cough, sinusitis, and hyperreactive airways in children: an often overlooked association. 397 34

Cough syncope is a more common complication of childhood asthma than formerly recognized. We report twelve children with typical cough syncope who were identified in a pediatric clinic over a period spanning seven years. The condition may be confused with epilepsy because of frequently associated brief clonic convulsive movements during the height of the cerebral anoxia. Cough syncope is readily distinguished from epilepsy by a thorough history. The management and prevention of cough syncope is directed at the aggressive control of bronchospasm in children with asthma.
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PMID:Cough syncope mimicking epilepsy in asthmatic children. 397 74

The forced expiratory volume in one second (F.E.V.(1)) was measured in healthy and asthmatic volunteers and the inhalation of prostaglandin E(1) (PGE(1)) was compared with that of isoprenaline, using metered aerosols.In healthy volunteers PGE(1), either as the free acid or the neutral triethanolamine salt, did not affect the F.E.V.(1); the free acid was irritant to the upper respiratory tract. In five out of six asthmatic volunteers with reversible airways obstruction, inhalation of 55 mug of PGE(1) (triethanolamine salt) produced an increase in F.E.V.(1) comparable in both degree and duration to that produced by an inhalation of 550 mug. of isoprenaline sulphate.Though the triethanolamine salt was well tolerated in most of the asthmatic subjects studied, in one asthmatic subject this preparation caused coughing and there was a progressive reduction in the F.E.V.(1) associated with bronchospasm.
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PMID:Effect on airways resistance of prostaglandin E1 given by aerosol to healthy and asthmatic volunteers. 535 77

The effects of chronic exposure to a nebulized mist of salbutamol on the capacity of systemic salbutamol to prolong the time taken for inhaled histamine to produce bronchospasm in guinea-pigs have been examined. Initially a reproducible cough time to inhalation of histamine acid phosphate (0.5 ml ml-1) in 100% O2 was established. Antagonism of this response by intraperitoneal salbutamol or ipratropium Br was assessed to establish submaximal responses to these drugs. A fresh group of animals was then exposed to a persistent mist of nebulized water for 16 days, before and during which each animal was tested by exposure to histamine mist either alone or shortly after salbutamol (10 micrograms kg-1 i.p.) or ipratropium Br (5 micrograms kg-1 i.p.). The nebulized water had no effect on the response to the drugs. The same animals were rested for 7 days and then exposed to nebulized salbutamol solution (5 mg ml-1) for 15 days, during which time tachyphylaxis developed to salbutamol (i.p.) but not to ipratropium Br. At the end of the 15 days the animals were anaesthetized and total lung resistance (RL) measured. At this time, the protective effect of intravenous salbutamol was also diminished by comparison with untreated guinea-pigs while the response to ipratropium Br was unaffected. A separate group exposed to 1 mg ml-1 of nebulized salbutamol for 20 days developed selective tachyphylaxis to intraperitoneal salbutamol. The animals were then allowed to breathe room air and the response to intraperitoneal salbutamol after 13 days returned to normal as did the effects of intravenous salbutamol on the RL response to histamine.
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PMID:The effects of chronic inhalation of salbutamol on the acute airway responsiveness to salbutamol and ipratropium bromide in the conscious and the anaesthetized guinea-pig. 615 85


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