Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report a 67-year-old man who developed pulmonary hypertension as an initial clinical manifestation of occult gallbladder adenocarcinoma. He had a 6-week history of persistent dry cough followed by progressive dyspnea on exertion. Physical examination and chest roentgenogram revealed signs of precapillary pulmonary hypertension. He died of shock 1 h after pulmonary angiography, which failed to show any intravascular filling defects. Autopsy disclosed a mucin-producing small adenocarcinoma (2 cm diameter) and a gallstone in the gallbladder with a few small metastases to peri-aortic, peri-bronchial and mediastinal lymph nodes. Macroscopically, there was no gross thrombotic pulmonary embolism or pulmonary metastases. However, microscopically, more than 60% of the small pulmonary arteries less than 1 mm in diameter were occluded with pulmonary tumor microemboli. This case emphasizes the need to include tumor pulmonary embolism in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension whether or not there is evidence of an underlying malignant tumor.
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PMID:Subacute pulmonary hypertension due to pulmonary tumor microembolism as a clinical manifestation of occult gallbladder adenocarcinoma. 907 Sep 64

A 58 year old man without significant past medical history developed a cough and effort dyspnoea of a few weeks. A computed tomographic scan showed bilateral interstitial disease with linear thickening of the septa and also a ground glass effect in the lung parenchyma. Echocardiography and right heart catheterisation confirmed the existence of pulmonary arterial hypertension (mean pulmonary artery pressure 45 mmHg) with a normal pulmonary artery wedge pressure (12 mmHg). There was a rapidly progressive worsening with an unfavourable outcome. A necropsy examination showed the development of bilateral pulmonary lymphangitis carcinomatosis secondary to an adenocarcinoma of the head of the pancreas. There was no metastatic emboli of the vessels but there was lymphatic infiltration and the physiopathological hypothesis suggested a compression of the pulmonary arterial vessels secondary to lymphatic obstruction.
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PMID:[Pulmonary artery hypertension caused by carcinomatous lymphangitis ]. 908 7

We report a 36-year-old woman with right hemiplegia, anosognosia, and rapidly deteriorating course. She was well until the end of January, 1995 when she had an onset of fever, sputum, and cough. A 5 x 5 tumor was found in her left lower lobe. She was admitted to the Pulmonary Medicine on May 24, 1995 when she was 36-year-old. General physical examination was unremarkable. Bone scintigraphy revealed increased uptake in the skull, sternum, right scapula, vertebrae, right femur, and in ribs. Cranial CT scan revealed a large mass lesion in the right frontal subcortical region with central low density and peripheral high density areas, and small low density lesions in the right thalamic area and in the right posterior frontal region; ring enhancement was observed in the latter two lesions. On the second day of admission, she noted left-sided weakness which improved by corticosteroid treatment. On June 17, there was a sudden onset of left hemiparesis and a neurologic consultation was asked. Upon neurologic examination, she appeared somnolent but could understand verbal commands. She showed constructional apraxia, neglect of the left hemisphere, and anosognosia. Cranial nerves were unremarkable. Motor-wise, she showed flaccid left hemiplegia. Deep tendon reflexes were exaggerated on the left and the plantar response was extensor bilaterally. Nuchal stiffness was noted. Her cranial CT scan on June 17 revealed enlargement of the right frontal mass lesion. The subsequent course was complicated by DIC and progressive worsening of her consciousness. On June 18, she was comatose and pupillary light reflex was lost. She developed Cheyne-Stokes respiration and expired on that evening. The patient was discussed in a neurological CPC, and the chief discussant arrived at the conclusion that the patient had a primary adenocarcinoma in the lung with multiple metastases including the brain. The fulminant terminal course was ascribed to hemorrhage within the tumor and subsequent central type of transtentorial herniation. Opinions were divided regarding the cause of hemorrhage; some participants thought hemorrhage was caused by DIC. Post-mortem examination revealed an adenocarcinoma arising at the S6 segment of the left lung with multiple organ metastases. In the brain, a huge hemorrhagic metastasis was found in the right frontal lobe and a non-hemorrhagic metastasis in the right thalamic region. Probably, the size of the metastases influenced the occurrence of hemorrhage. The direct cause of the death was transtentorial herniation.
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PMID:[A 36-year-old woman with acute onset left hemiplegia and anosognosia]. 912 37

Lung cancer is the most common malignant cancer in males and it's incidence is rapidly rising in females. Factors linked to this are associated with cigarette smoking, urbanization along with atmospheric pollution. The lack of success in the treatment of lung cancer has to do with in many cases late diagnosis at the stage when surgical treatment is not possible and radio and chemotherapy being of minimal effectiveness. The WHO has proposed the following classification of lung cancer: 1. Squamous cell carcinoma; 2. Small cell carcinoma; 3. Adenocarcinoma; 4. Giant cell carcinoma; 5. Adeno-squamous cell carcinoma 6. Carcinoid. 7. Carcinoma of mucous gland. 8. Others. Early physical signs of lung cancer are: cough (50-80% of patients), dyspnea (10-15%), chest pain (15-20%), hemoptysis (20-50%), recurrent pneumonia and bronchitis (30-50%). More serious clinical signs associated with growth of the neoplasm are hoarseness, pleural effusion, vena cava superior syndrome, and Pancoast's syndrome. The growing neoplasm secrets many biochemical substances, which are them activity passed on the bloodstream or make their way into the blood as a result of degeneration of the tumor. These substances may then be detected in the patient's plasma and act as markers of malignant disease. The characteristics of these markers is varied, e.g.: hormones, enzymes and tissue antigens. Methods used in the diagnosis of lung-cancer which should be stressed, are apart from the obvious physical examination are chest x-rays, ultrasound, CAT scans, nuclear magnetic resonance, PET scans, and scintigraphy. Fine needle aspiration in changes in the peripheral regions, cytology of sputum, bronchial lavage, cytogenetic analysis. This underlines the need for prophylaxis, particularly the cessation of cigarette smoking.
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PMID:[Current capabilities and procedures for diagnosing lung neoplasms]. 919 23

Case one: A 61-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of coughing. Adenocarcinoma of the lung was diagnosed. The patient was treated with bronchial artery infusion of cisplatin and mitomycin C, followed by irradiation; and there was a partial response. Eighteen months later he was admitted to the hospital because of dysphagia. An esophageal prosthesis was inserted because of esophageal stenosis surrounded by local recurrent tumor. After intubation, the patient was able to eat and was discharged. Although the patient died 5 months later, the tube was patent and functional until that time. Case two: A 63-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of coughing. Adenocarcinoma of the lung was diagnosed. The patient was treated with 3 cycles of chemotherapy consisting of cisplatin, vindesine, and mifomycin C, which were followed by irradiation; and there was a partial response. Six months later he was admitted to the hospital because of dysphagia. An esophageal prosthesis was inserted because of esophageal stenosis surrounded by mediastinal lymph nodes. Although the patient was able to eat, bilateral pleuritis and mediastinitis developed and he died ten days after intubation. At autopsy the esophagus was found to have been perforated. Palliative intubation of an esophageal prosthesis can be effective in patients with esophageal stenosis due to lung cancer, but care must be taken to prevent fatal complications.
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PMID:[Palliative intubation of esophageal prosthesis in two patients with lung cancer]. 929 4

Pulmonary blastoma is a rare tumor of the lung consisting of immature mesenchyma and epithelial structures that can mimic the structure of the embryonic lung. In this article, we report a case of pulmonary blastoma occurred in an adult individual. We review the literature concerning this rare neoplasm that includes less than one hundred cases reported. We also describe the pathologic features of this disease which is microscopically divided in two classes: 1) lesions composed solely of malignant gland of embryonic appearance (WDFA: Well-Differentiated Fetal Adenocarcinomas), and 2) lesions with biphasic appearance, containing both neoplastic glands and either adult sarcomatous or embryonic mesenchyme. The adult pulmonary blastomas are considered as an entity distinct from childhood blastomas. This condition may be frequently asymptomatic; if symptomatic, it show the same clinical picture of a mass in the lung impinging on bronchi or pleura; the most usual symptoms include cough, hemoptysis, and chest pain. Chest radiography typically shows a peripheral or central lung opacity without preference for any lobe. The prognosis is poor, due to the high incidence of metastasis. Histologic class and clinical findings can be of prognostic value in pulmonary blastoma. We believe that an early diagnosis is essential: in our case, this allowed a complete resection of the tumor and the patient is still alive without recurrence 3 years after the surgical treatment.
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PMID:[Pulmonary blastoma in adults]. 932 72

A 75-year-old man with a history of resected colon carcinoma presented to his primary care physician because of a new onset of coughing. The patient had expectorated a small piece of solid tissue; pathologic examination of the tissue found it to be consistent with metastatic colon adenocarcinoma. After further work-up, a right upper lobectomy was performed. The surgical specimen removed during the lobectomy showed a tumor that was histologically identical to the patient's prior colonic primary tumor.
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PMID:An unusual presentation of metastatic colon cancer to the lung. 944 Jun

In this article is described problems of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, with respect to increased incidence of adenocarcinoma and bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. It was observed that bronchioloalveolar carcinoma occurs more frequently in younger persons and in women. Etiology of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma is still unknown. There is not an obvious connection with smoking but connection with previous damage of lung parenchyma. Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma can be defined as neoplasm which is not of central origin , but is peripherally located; therefore the term "bronchiolo-" but not "broncho-alveolar" carcinoma. It grows along alveolar septa and lung parenchyma remains intact. There is three pathohistological subtypes of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma: mucinous, non-mucinous and sclerotic form and three radiological patterns: solitar, pneumonia-like and diffuse. Clinical features depend of the stage and patient are most frequently asymptomatic. They later present with chest pain, dyspnea, cough, hemoptysis and weight loss. Complications include bronchorrhoea and intrapulmonal shunts. These findings, together with laboratory analysis, radiological tests (including CT scans) and cytological or hystological proof of malignancy, make definite diagnosis. Therapy depends on the stage of disease and is identical with that of other subtypes of non-small-cell lung cancer.
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PMID:[Modern diagnostic and therapeutic methods in bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma]. 948 May 71

The patient was a 75-year-old man complaining of cough in July 1996. Chest X-ray demonstrated a tumor in the left S6. Percutaneous lung biopsy specimen revealed lung cancer. On September 4, 1996, left lobectomy (R 2 a) was performed. The tumor was 3.8 x 3.2 x 2.1 cm in size and showed a white yellow solid mass (pT2N0M0, pStage I, p1d0e0pm0). The pathological examination was confirmed no differentiation in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. More than 90% of the tumor cells were characterized as having large clear cytoplasm. On immunohistochemical study, the tumor cells expressed positive with EMA, CEA, cytokeratin and negative with vimentin. The postoperative findings showed no presence of renal cell carcinoma. As the result, a diagnosis of primary clear cell carcinoma of the lung was made. The postoperative course is uneventful.
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PMID:[Primary clear cell carcinoma of the lung: report of an operative case]. 963 49

The present retrospective study was undertaken to study the clinical profile of primary bronchogenic carcinoma seen during last eight years in a teaching hospital. Out of a total of 279 diagnosed cases, 86% were males with an average age of 57 years, smoking was the risk factor in 81.6%. Forty percent of female patients were smoker with a significant overlap in use of smoking objects. Twenty four (8.8%) patients were less than 40 years of age at the time of diagnosis. Average duration of illness was 4.5 months. Weight loss (77%) and fever (34%) were the commonest general symptoms. Other chest symptoms include cough (68%), dyspnoea (59%), chest pain (22%), hemoptysis (20%) and dysphagia (6%). Fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) (75%) and fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) (74.8%) were found to be the most efficient diagnostic procedures. Histologically, squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, large cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma were seen in 42%, 20%, 18% and 14% cases, respectively. Six percent patients showed malignant cells only and marked as unclassified. Radiologically, obstructive pneumonitis was the commonest presentation (59.5%) followed by mass lesion (31.8%) and rib destruction (5.1%). Inspite of its limitation, this study for the first time reports lung cancer pattern from mid-west Rajasthan.
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PMID:Primary bronchogenic carcinoma: clinical profile of 279 cases from mid-west Rajasthan. 977 68


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