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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A retrospective study was undertaken in 1990 of 188 patients with the diagnosis of non small cell carcinoma of the lung referred to the Department of Radiation Oncology in 1984. Most patients (178/188) received a course of radiotherapy. This was definitive in 23, palliative in 148 (primary site in 113, metastases in 16, primary plus metastases in 19) and postoperative in 7. This report is a 5 year followup of the 171 patients treated by radiation alone, to assess factors that influence survival. Tumour histology was 50% squamous, 23% adenocarcinoma, 16% large cell and 4% unspecified, non small cell carcinoma. In 8% no histological diagnosis was obtained. The most common symptoms were cough (44%), dyspnoea (43%), chest pain (37%), haemoptysis (33%) and systemic symptoms (36%). Tumour stage (TNM) was assessed retrospectively as I(5%), II(8%), IIIA(18%), IIIB(22%) and IV(28%). A subgroup of 31 cases (18%) of uncertain staging (I-III) was analysed separately and in 2 cases (1%) no staging information was available. Palliative intent of treatment and poorer performance status were related significantly to increasing stage of disease. The effects of palliative treatment were recorded in 79 cases; in 71 there was a reduction in symptoms. The median survival from diagnosis was 8 months (range < 1-72). Using univariate and multivariate analyses, significant and independent prognostic factors for improved survival were good performance status, absence of systemic symptoms, lower tumour stage and curative intent of treatment (higher radiation dose). However the 5-year survival was only 2%. Long-term survival was associated predominantly with early stage disease but not with the type or intent of treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Non small cell carcinoma of the lung. A retrospective study. Presented at the 41st annual meeting of the Royal Australasian College of Radiologists, September 1990, Perth. 128 99

A retrospective clinical study was carried out on 227 pathologically proven cases of bronchogenic carcinoma from eastern Taiwan, between October 1986 and March 1990. The ratio of males to females was low (2.15:1). The most common cell type was adenocarcinoma (39.2%), with squamous cell carcinoma (36.1%) being the second most common. Adenocarcinoma contributed to 51.4% of the bronchogenic carcinoma in women and 33.5% in men. History of cigarette smoking was strongly associated with squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma. The most common symptom was a cough (69%). The majority of small cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma appeared to be of the central type in location while most adenocarcinoma appeared to be of the peripheral type. Bronchoscopic examination was the most valuable method for confirming the diagnosis of bronchogenic carcinoma. Most patients presented late and only 19 cases (8.4%) underwent surgery. Aborigines have a lower risk of developing bronchogenic carcinoma. The clinical manifestations of bronchogenic carcinoma in eastern Taiwan are similar to those found in Taiwan as a whole.
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PMID:Clinical manifestations of bronchogenic carcinoma. 136 9

A 32-year-old female, who was admitted with complaints of cough and an abnormal shadow in the left lower lobe, was diagnosed as adenocarcinoma of the lung by TBLB. She underwent left lower lobectomy and lymph node dissection. Histopathological findings showed well differentiated fetal adenocarcinoma (WDFA). Well differentiated fetal adenocarcinomas are considered to have a histogenesis similar to that of pulmonary blastoma and may be a tumor with one-sided development of pulmonary blastoma showing only an epithelial component.
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PMID:[A case report of well differentiated fetal adenocarcinoma]. 140 3

Carcinoma of the hepatic duct bifurcation was diagnosed in a 67-year-old women with obstructive jaundice. As metastatic spread could not be demonstrated the carcinoma was removed with a view of achieving a cure (hemihepatectomy, resection of the hepatic duct and the bifurcation, cholecystectomy and hepatojejunostomy). Histological examination indicated adenocarcinoma of the biliary tract. Seven months postoperatively the patient was found to be cachectic and cough up greenish liquid sputum. Bilirubin concentration in sputum was 500 mumol/l. There was no jaundice and total bilirubin concentration was 33 mumol/l. Alkaline phosphatase was 508 U/l, but GOT and GPT were normal (23 U/l and 21 U/l). Computed tomography confirmed the clinical diagnosis of a biliobronchial fistula. The patient died 9 days after renewed hospitalization of tumour cachexia. The biliobronchial fistula was found at necropsy.
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PMID:[Bronchobiliary fistula in carcinoma of the hepatic duct bifurcation]. 145 22

We report a 60-year-old man, who was admitted to the hospital with complaints of cough and sputum. His chest x-ray showed an abnormal mass in the right upper lobe. After admission he noticed the painful gingival tumor. Right upper lobectomy and resection of the gingival tumor were performed. Their histological features showed that the tumor consisted of a papillary and tubular adenocarcinoma mixed with a component of spindle cells. Immunohistochemical study demonstrated a positive reaction in the epithelial component for keratin and epithelial membrane antigen, and not only these epithelial markers but also vimentin were expressed in some spindle tumor cells. Electron microscopic study confirmed the biphasic pattern, showing gland formation and undifferentiated cells. We diagnose this case as adenocarcinoma of the lung with a spindle cell component and the gingival tumor was metastatic. Autopsy showed that metastatic lesions were found in the left adrenal gland and in the left kidney. The tumor cells in the left adrenal gland were composed of spindle cells and the tumor in the left kidney showed gland formation. Immunohistochemical and electron microscopic findings of surgical and autopsy specimen suggest that this tumor is of epithelial origin, and the spindle cells are derived from immature mesenchymal cell transformation of epithelial cells.
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PMID:A case of adenocarcinoma of the lung with a spindle cell component. 147 33

Adenocarcinomas of or in lung that clinically and pathologically mimic diffuse pleural mesotheliomas are rare. We reviewed selected clinical and pathologic features of 15 autopsy/surgical cases previously reported in the medical literature and of 15 additional cases from the files of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP). Ninety percent of the patients were men. The median age was 61 years. Sixty-three percent of the patients smoked, 17% of them had possible or definite occupational exposure to asbestos, and one patient had microscopically proven asbestosis. Most patients had chest pain, shortness of breath, or cough, and had unilateral pleural effusion in the chest x-ray. At thoracotomy or at autopsy, numerous nodules, plaques, or a continuous rind of tumor was present over the pleural surface. Microscopically, the tumors showed simplified glands, nests, cords, papillary, tubulopapillary or biphasic patterns of growth. The neoplasms contained mucin that stained with diastase-predigested periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), mucicarmine, and alcian blue (with or without hyaluronidase predigestion). All patients died with/of tumor, with a mean survival of 4.7 months for those reported in the medical literature and of 7 months for those in the AFIP files. These adenocarcinomas therefore mimic pleural mesothelioma not only in their clinical and gross and microscopic appearance, but also in their prognosis.
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PMID:Pseudomesotheliomatous adenocarcinoma: a reappraisal. 160 54

Photodynamic therapy selectively destroys malignant tumors by laser activation of injected hematoporphyrin derivative. Between July 1985 and January 1989, ten patients underwent 13 courses of PDT for relief of endobronchial tumor obstruction due to endstage primary non-small lung cancer. Initial biopsy specimens demonstrated squamous carcinoma in eight patients and adenocarcinoma in two. At the time of treatment, all patients were considered surgically unresectable: T4N2M1(one), T4N2M0(one), T3N3M1(two), T3N2M0(five), and T2N1M0(one). This latter patient had exclusionary medical conditions. The average Karnofsky status was 75 (worst was 60, best was 90). Obstruction was mainstem for six, bronchus intermedius in one, and left upper lobe in three. The average obstruction was 86 +/- 2 percent. Following treatment, the average obstruction was 57 +/- 3 percent. Responses were greater than 50 percent reduction in four and less than 50 percent in six. Half of the patients still had more than 70 percent obstruction following PDT. However, all patients had a decrease in symptoms, especially coughing. Six of ten patients subsequently received external beam radiation. Three of these patients developed significant problems during and following radiation. Side effects of HPD were minimal and included burns in two and mild anasarca in one patient. PDT appears to offer palliation of obstructive symptoms in patients with late stage lung cancer. Since life span is so short in these individuals, physicians must weigh carefully the potential side effects of combination therapy.
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PMID:Photodynamic therapy in the palliation of late stage obstructing non-small cell lung cancer. 169 75

The shikonin mixture was used for 19 cases of later-stage lung cancer who were not the candidates for operation, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The clinical observation showed that shikonin mixture could inhibit the growth of lung cancer and improve the immune function of the body. The tumors were reduced over 25% in diameter. The effective rate was 63.3%, remission rate 36.9%, survival rate of one year 47.3%. The intermedium survival period was about 10 months, including adenocarcinoma 10 months, squamous carcinoma 12 months. After treatment the life quality of patients were greatly improved. The patients got better appetite and their body weights were increased. They could manage themselves in daily life. The Karnofsky scores were enhanced by 20. The authors also observed that shikonin mixture could relieve such symptoms as cough, bloody sputum and chest pain caused by lung cancer. The levels of cells and interleukin-2 were increased (P less than 0.001). It had no harmful effects on peripheral blood picture, heart, kidney and liver. Shikonin mixture is safe and effective for later-stage cancer.
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PMID:[Clinical trial on the effects of shikonin mixture on later stage lung cancer]. 180 5

An autopsy case of an 18-year-old boy with adenocarcinoma of the lung is reported. He experienced dyspnea and hemosputum in July 1988. Chest radiographs showed a diffuse bilateral streaky shadow, bilateral pleural effusion and cardiac enlargement. The diagnosis of adenocarcinoma was made by transbronchial biopsy at another hospital. He visited the National Cancer Center Hospital on October 7, 1988. The diagnosis of lung cancer was strongly suggested by positive immunohistochemical staining for pulmonary surfactant apoprotein in biopsy specimens from supraclavicular lymph nodes. Intensive systemic survey demonstrated no other primary site than the lung. The patient was treated with cisplatin, adriamycin and etoposide and his subjective symptoms such as cough and dyspnea significantly improved over the next three months. Tumor shadows in the lung increased steadily, however after February, 1989. A significant lymphangitic spread of the carcinoma and marked obsteoblastic bone metastases were revealed at autopsy.
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PMID:Primary lung cancer in an 18-year-old boy: case report. 219 88

A case of long-term survival of a female patient with complicated diffuse metastatic leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (DMLC) secondary to lung cancer is reported. A 36-year-old woman, hospitalized with a chief complaint of headache and unproductive cough, was diagnosed as having primary lung adenocarcinoma (T4N1M1 oss) and was given systemic chemotherapy. Although progressive deterioration of her headache continued, repeated neurological examination, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination, and cranial CT scans failed to show evidence of metastasis to the central nervous system, and the only finding suggesting CNS involvement was an elevated CEA level in CSF. Later in the course of her treatment, the patient suddenly lost her vision and subsequently consciousness due to acute increased intracranial pressure, and emergency ventricular drainage was performed for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. Malignant cells were found in CSF obtained from a ventricular drainage and she was treated successfully by systemic and intrathecal chemotherapeutic agents. She was discharged after a ventriculoperitoneal shunt operation for hydrocephalus; a double-dome reservoir was used for continuous intrathecal administration of the anticancer drugs, and a shunt filter was located in the tube to prevent the dissemination of cancer cells. In addition to methotrexate and cytosine arabinoside, ACNU and interleukin-2 were administered intrathecally without serious adverse effects, but no apparent therapeutic effects were noted either. She survived over 2 years after DMLC was first diagnosed. At autopsy DMLC secondary to lung adenocarcinoma was confirmed, but no evidence of leukoencephalopathy due to aggressive intrathecal chemotherapy was found. Current therapy for patients with DMLC and its clinical problems are discussed in relation to our experience in this case.
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PMID:[A case of long-term survival of a patient with complicated diffuse metastatic leptomeningeal carcinomatosis secondary to lung adenocarcinoma]. 224 65


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