Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0009952 (febrile convulsions)
 1,215 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An 18-year-old female presented with two seizures induced by photic stimulation. She had a positive family history for migraine and a history of febrile convulsions. Since the age of 13 she had suffered from migraine attacks with aura. A brain computerized tomography with contrast enhancement was negative and several electroencephalograms showed a photoparoxysmal response. At the age of 18 she had a partial secondary generalized seizure after photic stimulation during routine electroencephalogram. The onset of seizure was in the occipital region. Two days later, the patient presented with a typical migrainous attack with aura. Interictal apomorphine test (1.5 mg s.c.) blocked the photoparoxysmal response. According to Quesnay, dopaminergic failure of the occipital cortex may account for both epileptic and migraine features.
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PMID:Migraine with aura and photosensitive epileptic seizures: a case report. 188 72

The residents of Udo, a rural community of Edo-speaking people (population 2,925) in Bendel State, Nigeria were screened in a door-to-door survey for neurological disorders by specially instructed primary health care workers (PHW). A standard protocol was followed by PHW in collecting census data, administering a screening questionnaire, and performing a simple neurological examination. A neurologist confirmed the presence of neurological disorders in 235 (47%) of 504 screen-positive subjects after further clinical evaluation. The point prevalence ratios, per 1,000 population, for the most common neurological disorders identified in Udo were: migraine 63.2, febrile convulsions in children under 7 years of age 10.7, epilepsy 6.2, peripheral neuropathy 2.1 and myelopathy 1.7.
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PMID:Prevalence of neurological disorders in Udo, a rural community in southern Nigeria. 276 44

We studied the clinical and electroencephalographic (EEG) characteristics of 45 patients with mid-line spikes. The incidence of mid-line spikes was 3.0% in total EEG population in childhood. Sex incidence was equal. First appearance age of mid-line spikes ranged from one month to 12 years, with a mean of 5.0 years old. Fz focus was in 3 patients, Cz in 31 and Pz in 11. Thirty two of the 45 patients (71%) had a history of clinical seizures; 16 with febrile convulsions and 16 with epileptic seizures. Of the remaining 13 patients without a history of seizures, the EEG was obtained because of post-meningitis in 4, developmental delayed in 4, migraine in 1 and miscellaneous in 4. Mid-line spikes might not have so strong correlations with clinical seizures. Ten patients had a family history of epilepsy and/or febrile convulsion. In the patients with seizures, generalized tonic-clonic seizures were the most frequent type (18; primary GTC and 10; secondary GTC with partial onset). Elementary symptoms of partial seizures were very variable (focal motor in 5, Jacksonian march in 1, aversive in 1, autonomic in 2 and automatism in 5), and which might be related to the other lesions such as temporal and/or frontal lobes. Seizure control was almost good except for two patients with organic brain damage. And other neurological symptoms were not also progressive. On EEG findings, twenty-two patients had midline spikes as their only epileptiform abnormality. The remaining twenty-three had an additional epileptiform feature, either a focal spikes or a generalized spike-wave.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Clinical and EEG evaluation of mid-line spikes in childhood]. 324 96

In a 7-year prospective follow-up of 104 children with enuresis in 32 cases (19 boys and 13 girls) coexistence of common migraine was found. Twenty-two children had various other seizure-like disorders, particularly tics, febrile convulsions, pavor nocturnus and fainting, and three had absence attacks. In 20 cases vasomotor disturbances and in 17 abnormal Schellong's test were found. The IQ was normal or high in all cases. Emotional disorders were observed in nearly half the cases. The water-salt test of Decourt was done in 9 cases and it was abnormal in 8 cases. At least two abnormal EEG records were obtained in 26 cases, and in 24 of them seizure activity was demonstrated in the EEG. In the period of follow-up disappearance or very marked improvement of enuresis occurred in all cases and migrainous attacks became less frequent and intense in 27 cases, while in 5 the severity of migraine increased. The author discusses the pathological mechanism of these disturbances calling attention to less good efficiency of the regulatory functions of the centrencephalic activating system and hypothalamus connected with biochemical and bioelectric immaturity.
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PMID:[Coexistence of idiopathic spontaneous nocturnal enuresis and migraine in children]. 344 4

Febrile seizures and migraine headaches in children are two of the most common neurological diagnoses seen by primary care practitioners. It is essential that a knowledge base be developed to better care for this population. This article reviews pediatric febrile seizures, including management and treatment recommendations and childhood headaches, with an emphasis on migraine headaches. Diagnosis, management, and referral criteria are also reviewed.
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PMID:Pediatric febrile seizures and childhood headaches in primary care. 1067 70

Although there are a variety of neurologic disease processes that the emergency physician should be aware of the most common of these include seizures, closed head injury, headache, and syncope. When one is evaluating a patient who has had a seizure, differentiating between febrile seizures, afebrile seizures, and SE helps to determine the extent of the work-up. Febrile seizures are typically benign, although a diagnosis of meningitis must not be missed. Educating parents regarding the likelihood of future seizures, and precautions to be taken should a subsequent seizure be witnessed, is important. The etiology of a first-time afebrile seizure varies with the patient's age at presentation, and this age-specific differential drives the diagnostic work-up. A follow-up EEG is often indicated, and imaging studies can appropriate on a nonurgent basis. Appropriate management of SE requires a paradigm of escalating pharmacologic therapy, and early consideration of transport for pediatric intensive care services if the seizure cannot be controlled with conventional three-tiered therapy. Closed head injury frequently is seen in the pediatric emergency care setting. The absence of specific clinical criteria to guide the need for imaging makes management of these children more difficult. A thorough history and physical examination is important to uncover risk factors that prompt emergent imaging. Headaches are best approached by assessing the temporal course, associated symptoms, and the presence of persistent neurologic signs. Most patients ultimately are diagnosed with either a tension or migraine headache; however, in those patients with a chronic progressive headache course, an intracranial process must be addressed and pursued with appropriate imaging. Syncope has multiple causes but can generally be categorized as autonomic, cardiac, or noncardiac. Although vasovagal syncope is the most common cause of syncope, vigilance is required to identify those patients with a potentially fatal arrhythmia or with heart disease that predisposes to hypoperfusion. As such, all patients who present with syncope should have an ECG. Additional work-up studies are guided by the results of individual history and physical examination.
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PMID:Common emergent pediatric neurologic problems. 1182 32

18 chronic diseases were investigated in a population of 13,115 women living in six settings of West- (Avon UK, the Isle of Man), Central- (the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic) and East-Europe (the Ukraine and Russia), that collaborate in the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood (ELSPAC project). In prenatal questionnaires filled in after the first half of pregnancy, women reported 25,795 chronic diseases they ever suffered, out of them 11,188 having in present pregnancies. In the whole sample, lifelong prevalence was 11,2%, and prevalence in pregnancy 4,8% which means that 43,4% of all chronic diseases recurred in pregnancy. Up to mean age of 255 years in the whole sample, 39,6% women reported ever having indigestion, 29% back pains, 22,6% migraine, about 16% haemorrhoids, hay fever and eczema, about 10% varicose veins, anorexia nervosa, heavy depression and kidney diseases, over 5% rheumatism and 4% asthma. Less prevalent were infections of pelvic organs, febrile convulsions, joint inflammations, stomach ulcers, psoriasis and epilepsy. Lifetime prevalence of chronic diseases and their prevalence in pregnancy were the highest in the western zone and decreased eastwards, but recurrence grew in the opposite direction, being the highest in the eastern zone. The variation of each morbidity indicator is followed in all diseases between geographical zones as well as between individual study centres.
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PMID:Chronic morbidity in women, namely in pregnancy. (Comparative study between West, Central and East European centres). 1882 44

We determined the prevalence of common recurrent symptoms in a community-based study of children and investigated whether these symptoms were associated with epilepsy and febrile seizure. A questionnaire was developed and sent to parents of all children attending school in the Reykjavik school district, grades 1-10. The questions assessed personality traits, headache, epilepsy, febrile seizure, and recurrent symptoms. Of the 13,044 questionnaires distributed, 10,578 were returned (81%). We analyzed the subset of 9679 (91%) questionnaires with complete information on relevant factors. The prevalence of epilepsy was 7.7/1000; febrile seizures were reported in 5.1% of children. Prevalence estimates of recurrent symptoms were similar to the published literature. In our cohort, recurrent dizzy spells and recurrent visual disturbances were associated with epilepsy after adjustment for age, migraine and febrile seizure. This association could reflect, only in part, the occurrence of auras in children with epilepsy.
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PMID:Prevalence of recurrent symptoms and their association with epilepsy and febrile seizure in school-aged children: a community-based survey in Iceland. 2237 Jan 20

PRRT2 gene mutations have recently been identified as a causative gene of Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD), a rare movement disorder characterised by the occurrence of chorea, dystonia or athetosis triggered by sudden action. Some patients have additional intermittent neurologic disorders like infantile convulsions. The association with migraine has been rarely reported in this condition. Here we report the coexistence of PKD and hemiplegic migraine in twins harbouring a heterozygous mutation in PRRT2. Two monozygotic twins manifesting PKD together with repeated episodes of migraine with some severe attacks of hemiplegic migraine have been followed and treated for more than 10 years. Molecular genetic analysis disclosed the c.649_650insC, p.R217Pfs*8 heterozygous mutation in both twins. This mutation was segregating from the mother who likewise harboured the same mutation c.649dupC although she had never manifested PKD but complained of rare common migraine attacks in her past history. The association of PKD and hemiplegic migraine has been previously reported in one large family, associated to febrile convulsions and afebrile seizures in some individuals, but our report relates this association of symptoms to a mutation in PRRT2. The co-occurrence of both hemiplegic migraine and PKD in monozygotic twins expands the phenotypic spectrum of intermittent manifestations related to PRRT2 and perhaps suggests an additional causing gene for hemiplegic migraine.
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PMID:PRRT2 mutation causes paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia and hemiplegic migraine in monozygotic twins. 2318 55

The aim of the study was to evaluate the demographic, clinical, and EEG characteristics of patients with Panayiotopoulos syndrome (PS) and the course of their illness. Thirty-eight patients followed up with a diagnosis of PS between January 2011 and December 2013 were evaluated. We found high rates of personal history of febrile convulsions, breath-holding spells, and family history of febrile convulsions, afebrile convulsion/epilepsy, migraine, and breath-holding spells. Seizures started before the age of eight in 87% of the patients, and the mean age at seizure onset was 4.6 years. Seizures were sleep-related in 81.5%, and autonomic status was seen in a third of the patients. The number of seizures was between 2 and 10 in 66% of the patients. The most common symptoms were ictus emeticus, eye/head deviation, and altered consciousness. Rolandic features were seen in 26% of the patients, and visual symptoms in 5%. Multifocal epileptiform discharges on EEG were identified in 84% of the patients. Two or more antiepileptic drugs were required in only 13% of the patients. Evolution to electrical status epilepticus in sleep and Gastaut-type epilepsy were seen in patients with more than ten seizures. The high rates of febrile convulsions, afebrile convulsions/epilepsy, migraine, and breath-holding spells in the patients and families suggest the importance of genetic factors and, perhaps, a common pathogenesis. However, the high rates of febrile convulsions and breath-holding spells in patients can be related to a misdiagnosis because of the similar symptoms. Despite its disturbing symptoms, PS is a benign epileptic syndrome requiring multiple antiepileptic drug use only in a small proportion of patients.
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PMID:Panayiotopoulos syndrome: a case series from Turkey. 2484 Jul 52


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