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 21,692 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid is an aggressive, rapidly fatal neoplasm that is generally believed to arise from the epithelium of the thyroid follicle. When differentiated carcinoma is not present, the diagnosis can be difficult and confusion with a sarcoma is frequently a problem. Ten anaplastic thyroid carcinomas have been examined by light and electron microscopy and compared with two biologically aggressive, solid follicular carcinomas. Ultrastructural study revealed evidence of epithelial differentiation in all the anaplastic carcinomas, confirming their origin from thyroid follicular cells. The study illustrates the value of electron microscopy in establishing the diagnosis of anaplastic carcinoma and in differentiating it from sarcoma.
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PMID:Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: an ultrastructural study of 10 cases. 726 24

Pseudosarcoma botryoides is an infrequent vaginal tumor with benign evolution. Its importance lies in to distinguish of sarcoma botryoides, what is usually fatal. A case of vaginal polyp during pregnancy is presented. After cesarean section, polyp was excised and diagnosis of sarcoma botryoides was made. Patient was referred to ION for treatment and her diagnosis was changed to pseudosarcoma by revision of histologic plates. Patient doesn't need further treatment but previous excision, and she is asymptomatic twelve months later. Histologic findings of both tumors are described and confusion between them are noted.
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PMID:[Pseudosarcoma botryoides during pregnancy]. 748 Sep 3

A case of meningeal sarcoma arising at the site of a prior subdural hematoma and mimicking an acute subdural hematoma on noncontrast CT is presented. The potential confusion between a hyperdense, nonhemorrhagic lesion and a hematoma on CT is highlighted. This report also reviews the possible relationship between meningeal injury and subsequent neoplastic change.
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PMID:Meningeal sarcoma mimicking an acute subdural hematoma on CT. 762 2

A case of post-operative spindle cell nodule arising in the vulva of a 33-year old woman is reported and the relevant literature reviewed. This is an uncommon, benign lesion which develops soon after a surgical procedure and which is composed of mitotically active spindle cells, causing possible confusion with sarcoma. Knowledge of the clinical history and an awareness of the existence of such lesions is necessary in order to avoid misinterpretation.
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PMID:Post-operative spindle cell nodule of the vulva. 766 49

Ancient neurilemoma (schwannoma) is an uncommon variant of neurilemoma. On the basis of histology, this slow-growing, benign neoplasm has often been confused with sarcoma, and this confusion has resulted in overzealous resection. The authors report a case of this lesion affecting the plantar aspect of the foot. A discussion of the clinical and histological findings that emphasizes diagnosis and treatment is included.
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PMID:Ancient schwannoma of the foot. 778 Mar 92

Sarcoma metastatic to the brain is uncommon and rarely occurs as the initial manifestation of tumor. Alveolar soft-part sarcoma, a rare but well studied subtype of a soft tissue sarcoma with a propensity for central nervous system invasion, presenting with brain metastases, has been reported only once previously. We report the case of a 28-year-old man who presented with partial seizures and who was found to have a homogeneously enhancing frontal lesion on a broad dural base disclosed by computed tomography. preoperatively, the lesion was thought to be a meningioma. The tumor was excised easily and had features typical of an alveolar soft-part sarcoma, which were revealed by light and electron microscopy as well as immunohistochemical analysis. Multiple lung nodules compatible with metastases were found on a chest film. Meningeal dissemination has been reported in a variety of sarcoma types, including rhabdomyosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, and leiomyosarcoma. We add alveolar soft-part sarcoma to this list and suggest that increased recognition of the propensity for these tumors to exhibit metastatic spread to the dura should eliminate diagnostic confusion and provide an earlier diagnosis of these rare lesions. The patterns of spread in metastatic sarcoma deserve further study.
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PMID:Metastatic alveolar soft part sarcoma presenting as a dural-based cerebral mass. 812 54

A total of 64 courses of ifosfamide (IFM) treatments for sarcoma patients were evaluated for toxic effects. A dose of 100 ml of 1/2 diluted Maalox by normal saline was instilled into urinary bladder with clump of catheter for 15 min for uroprotection instead of Mesna that was not available in Japan at that time. Forty-six courses of ifosfamide treatment in 12-16 g/m2 doses with daily Maalox instillation resulted only one hemorrhagic cystitis, while 18 courses at a dose of 6-10 g/m2 of IFM without Maalox eventuated in 5 cases of hemorrhagic cystitis. Forty-six courses of ifosfamide treatment at a dose of 12-16 g/m2 (mean dose of 14.4 g/m2) for 5 to 6 day continuous infusion were evaluated also for myelosuppression, nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and other toxicities. Myelosuppression was acceptable, although the absolute neutrophil count of the 80% course was below 500. No patient showed neurotoxicity characterized by confusion or somnolence. No course resulted in abnormal serum creatinine elevation, although two of 46 courses caused an abnormal decrease of creatinine clearance. One patient had arrhythmia that required medical treatment after 5 courses of IFM treatment.
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PMID:[Toxic effects of ifosfamide in the treatment of bone and soft tissue sarcomas]. 845 88

A case of sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma arising in the thigh of a 40-year-old man is reported. This recently described sarcoma has a distinctive histological appearance which may cause confusion with a variety of other sarcomas with an epithelioid pattern, and indeed with benign soft tissue tumours showing hyalinization. Despite its bland cytology, sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma is capable of metastases, often several years after surgical removal. The patient described here developed lung metastases five years after excision and remains alive a further three years later. The differential diagnosis and possible histogenesis are discussed.
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PMID:Sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma. 873 21

Predominantly cystic renal neoplasms have been the source of diagnostic confusion and controversy. In this review, the authors analyze the clinical and pathological features of four entities that consistently exhibit a diffusely cystic growth pattern, are strikingly similar in their gross appearances, and are not separable by preoperative imaging studies. Based on the literature, this review concludes that tumors in young children that have been classified as cystic nephroma and cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma likely represent a single entity, and all should be considered highly cystic Wilms' tumors with little or no capacity for invasion or metastasis and diagnosed as cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma. Conversely, cystic nephroma in adults has no discernible connection with Wilms' tumor or nephrogenic rests and should be considered a benign composite neoplasm of stroma and epithelium of unknown histogenesis, which may rarely become malignant with secondary development of a sarcoma. Multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma appears to be unrelated to cystic nephroma and if the following criteria are met, it appears to be a neoplasm with an intrinsically cystic growth pattern, and no, or at most little, malignant potential: (1) an expansile mass is surrounded by a fibrous wall, (2) the interior of the tumor entirely is composed of cysts and septa with no expansile solid nodules, and (3) the septa contain aggregates of epithelial cells with clear cytoplasm. Cystic hamartoma of the renal pelvis is a rare, complex tumor composed of stroma with a prominent smooth muscle component and a variety of epithelial elements.
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PMID:Extensively cystic renal neoplasms: cystic nephroma, cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma, multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma, and cystic hamartoma of renal pelvis. 950 3

Acral myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma is a unique low-grade tumor of modified fibroblasts. It characteristically occurs in the distal extremities and has a propensity to recur locally. Forty-four cases that occurred in 22 males and 22 females from 20 to 91 years of age (median, 53 years) were studied. The lesions, which were 1-6 cm (median, 3 cm), occurred in the hands (64%), the feet (20%), the ankles (11%), and the wrists (5%). The patients usually had a long history of a painless mass (median duration, 1 year). Clinically they were suspected to be ganglion cysts, tenosyonovitis, or giant cell tumors of tendon sheath. Initial histologic diagnoses, in most cases, included pigmented villonodular tenosynovitis or various reactive fibroinflammatory processes. Histologically, the lesions were multinodular, poorly delineated, and characterized by a prominent myxoid matrix containing numerous inflammatory cells, including polymorphonuclear leukocytes, eosinophils, lymphocytes, and plasma cells, as well as fibrosis. Amidst the prominent inflammation, and sometimes obscured by it, were scattered, large, bizarre tumor cells with vesicular nuclei, prominent inclusion-like nucleoli, and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, which was homogeneous to vacuolated and often contained intracytoplasmic inflammatory cells. Ultrastructurally, the bizarre tumor cells had features of modified fibroblasts, including an abundance of intermediate filaments and dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells revealed strong positivity for vimentin (25 of 25), focal positivity for CD68 antigen (17 of 25) and CD34 (7 of 25); the tumor cells did not express neuroectodermal, epithelial, or lymphoid markers. The Ki67 labeling index with MIB1 was less than 1% in 20 of 25 cases; p53 immunoreactivity (20-90%) was observed in 7 of 25 primary tumors and in 2 of 3 local recurrences. Follow-up information was available in 36 of 44 cases (median, 5 years). Most excisions were either intralesional or marginal. Ten patients underwent amputation, usually after repeated local recurrences. Radiation therapy and chemotherapy were administered in five and two cases, respectively. Twenty-four cases (67%) had at least one local recurrence. A histologically proven lymph node metastasis developed in one patient, whereas another was stated to have lung metastases, although these were not documented histologically. At last follow-up, 23 patients were alive and well, 11 were alive with disease, and 2 were dead of other causes without evidence of tumor. The prominent inflammation and fibrosis seen histologically in acral myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma simulate a reactive process. The presence of myxoid foci and scattered bizarre cells, which are occasionally multivacuolated, may cause confusion with malignant fibrous histiocytoma and liposarcoma. Based on the protracted clinical course, a high rate of local recurrence (sometimes necessitating amputation), and a low rate of metastasis, we believe these tumors are low-grade sarcomas. The intimate relationship with the synovium, the frequent association with tenosynovitis, and the prominent inflammatory infiltrate suggest that inflammation may play a role in the pathogenesis of acral myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma.
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PMID:Acral myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma: a low-grade tumor of the hands and feet. 970 71


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