Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0009450 (infectious diseases)
 83,438 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An epidemiologic investigation was carried out in Ogaki Municipal Hospital to clarify the status of nosocomial MRSA Infection between 1989 and 1991. In 1989, coagulase type IV, enterotoxin A-producing, and phage group I strains, which were highly resistant to multiple antibiotics and isolated in the internal wards, accounted for 43.4% of all MRSA strains clinically isolated in the entire hospital. In 1990, coagulase type II strains that were sensitive to GM but resistant to FMOX and IPM increased. There were significant differences in the frequency of detection of various strains among wards, suggesting an inter-ward variation in MRSA strains. Changes in environmental strains reflected those in clinical strains. The findings suggest the necessity of measures not only for long-hospitalized MRSA carriers themselves but also for the environment of patients, medical staff, and those taking care of patients.
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PMID:[An assessment of nosocomial infections of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus based on coagulase typing and phage typing]. 150 55

Clinical efficacy, bacteriological effect and safety of a new antibiotic flomoxef (FMOX, 6315-S) in respiratory infections were studied. Efficacy of FMOX in 6 patients with infectious diseases including 2 cases with pneumonia, 3 cases with acute exacerbation by respiratory infection, 1 case with obstructive pneumonia were clinically evaluated. Two strains of Haemophilus influenzae, 1 strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae and 1 strain of Staphylococcus aureus which were detected as causative organisms in 2 cases disappeared or decreased after treatment with FMOX. Assessing both clinical and bacteriological findings, effects of FMOX were good in 5 cases and fair in 1 case. No adverse effects were observed in clinical or laboratory findings. Consequently, FMOX is considered to be a very useful antibiotic in the treatment for respiratory infectious diseases.
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PMID:[Clinical studies on flomoxef in respiratory infection]. 344 20

The current state of causative bacteria in infectious diseases and the trends in resistance to antimicrobial agents were mentioned. The commonest micro-organisms isolated from the blood and intravascular catheter tips were CNS, S. aureus and C. albicans. Significant urine culture isolates were E. coli and other enterobacteriaceae in uncomplicated UTI, and Enterococcus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. in complicated UTI with a urinary catheter. In respiratory tract infections (RTIs), H. influenzae, S. pneumoniae, B. catarrhalis, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, were common causative organisms. Community-acquired pneumonia was mainly caused by H. influenzae, S. pneumoniae and B. catarrhalis. In common with hospital-acquired pneumonia, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and enterobacteriaceae were the frequent microorganisms isolated. In anaerobic infections, the most common micro-organisms were B. fragilis and other B. fragilis group isolated from intra-abdominal focus of post operative patients. The trends in the antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates of common bacteria over a period of 5 years (1988-1992) have been monitored. The proportion of isolates of S. aureus resistant to CEZ, CMZ, FMOX, IPM or MINO has increased. There was no trend towards increased resistance among isolates of P. aeruginosa except for CBPC. The incidence of resistance to PCG, ABPC, EM and LMOX increased in isolates of S. pneumoniae and that of resistance to PIPC, CMZ, LMOX and IPM increased in those of B. fragilis group.
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PMID:[Current state of causative bacteria in infections diseases and trends in resistance to antimicrobial agents]. 812 76

An epidemiological investigation for penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumonia (PRSP) was performed at 18 medical institutes in Kinki area by the questionnaire from Kinki Infection Working Group 1995. This investigation was the first report that was performed for a long term (one year) and a large area. The most frequent specimen was sputum from out-patients (50.3%) and inpatients (48.8%), and especially from spinal fluid of 3 cases were detected. Polymicrobial infection with more than 3 pathogens was 15.7%, and it was more frequent than MRSA previously investigated. Simultaneous pathogens detected with PRSP were Candida species, Haemophilus influenzae and Staphylococcus aureus. In terms of chemosusceptibility, VCM (100%), FMOX (97.9%), IPM/CS (85.9%), CEZ (93.4%) and CDTR-PI were determined to be high by sensitive. However, the sensitivity of CCL, which was one of the most common antibiotics, was only 37.7%.
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PMID:[An epidemiological investigation for gram-positive coccus, especially PRSP, in Kinki area]. 933 24

Nasal sinusitis, tonsillitis, and pharyngolaryngitis typify upper respiratory tract infections, while bronchitis and pneumonia typify lower respiratory tract infections. Cases of paranasal sinusitis with severe suppuration are reportedly becoming less frequent, while those of chronic catarrhal paranasal sinusitis and edematous allergic paranasal sinusitis are becoming more so, The primary factor in paranasal sinusitis, a typical infectious disease encountered in otolaryngology, is bacterial infection. The main causative bacteria are Streptococcus pneumoniae, reported in 13.4% of cases, Haemophilus influenzae in 12.8% Moraxella catarrhalis in 5.5%, Staphylococcus aureus in 26.5%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 5.2%, and anaerobes. The incidence of strains resistant to antimicrobial agents has grown for S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and M. catarrhalis and decreased for S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Acute exacerbation or severe suppuration in chronic paranasal sinusitis requires the administration of antimicrobial agents, with the same agent administered 2 weeks for maximal effect. First-line agents are AMPC/CVA, SBTPC, CDTR-PI, CFPN-PI, and GFLX for adults, with ASPC, SBPC, ACPC, CTRX, CMZ, FMOX, PAPM/BP, and MEPM injected in severe cases. Attention must be paid to strains that resist cephems and macrolides, such as PISP, PRSP, and BLNAR. In refractory chronic paranasal sinusitis, attention must also be paid to biofilms produced by S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Suitable antimicrobial agents should be determined for treating of chronic paranasal sinusitis, in addition to the best procedure to ensure early recovery from inflammation, such as puncturing or irrigating the maxillary sinus, injecting a suitable agent, nebulization, and/or surgically widening the middle meatus.
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PMID:[Bacteria isolated from chronic upper and lower respiratory tract infections and the associated therapeutic strategies--in paranasal sinusitis]. 1651 20