Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0009450 (infectious diseases)
 83,438 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

From January 1 to December 31 of 1975, all patients admitted to Salvador's Infectious Disease Hospital were serologically tested for leptospirosis if their clinical and laboratory findings were compatible with this diagnosis. Of the 888 patients tested, 133 were positive. Among patients with an initial clinical impression of leptospirosis, the diagnosis was confirmed serologically in 36% and for the 133 leptospirosis patients, only 67 (50.4%) were initially suspected. Epidemiological aspects investigated covered: age, sex, place of residence and occupation for all cases and for fatal cases; distribution of cases by month of occurrence and by rainfall in that month; distribution of serotypes by month; and probable source of infection with emphasis of the occurrence and type of contact with dogs. For each case residing in Salvador, a control of the same age and sex was interviewed in the immediate neighborhood. Sewage, rats, water, dogs, mud and garbage were identified as the most likely source of infection in that order. Marked seasonal fluctuations were apparent with peak incidence during the months of maximum precipitation. In two-thirds of cases reporting contact with a dog, tests on the animal revealed the same serotype. The most frequent serotypes were: icterohemorrhagiae, autumnalis, castellonis, grippotyphosa, hebdomadis and bataviae.
Int J Zoonoses 1979 Dec
PMID:Leptospirosis in the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil: a case-control seroepidemiologic study. 53 25

Infection by Echinococcus granulosus is the main zoonosis affecting the human population of the IXth Region in southern Chile. Prevalence rates vary from 18.2 to 48 per 100,000. Animals are affected with prevalence rates of 40% for bovines, 39.5% for sheep and 14.8% for pork as estimated at the central meat processing plant in the city of Temuco. A cost of approximately $300,000 is estimated to treat affected individuals. Much greater losses may be estimated from unnotified meat processing in rural areas and from reduced yield of animal products such as wool an milk. Accordingly, a regional program for control of this zoonosis is urgently required.
 ...
PMID:[Hydatidosis in the IXth Region of Chile. A regional problem and challenge]. 134 86

Altogether 105 cases of tularemia were reported to the nationwide notification system for infectious diseases (MSIS) in Norway during the period 1975-90. The zoonosis appears every year in Northern Norway. The first epidemic outbreak was reported from Central Norway in 1984-85. During the nineteen eighties the disease has reappeared in Southern Norway. We review the clinical features and epidemiological patterns of tularemia in Norway. Preliminary investigations indicate that the future drug of choice for treatment of tularemia is one of the gyrase-inhibitors.
 ...
PMID:[Tularemia in Norway. A clinical and epidemiological review]. 155 30

Numerous diseases are shared by birds and humans. Many of them are true zoonosis. Chlamydiosis, salmonellosis, and tuberculosis are the primary infectious diseases. Allergic alveolitis in humans, induced by exposure to bird dander and protein, is also of great significance. The other diseases are of less common occurrence or represent oddities. [Editor's note: However, the increased incidence of AIDS and the increased use of immune system-compromising medications in humans have resulted in a drastic increase in the zoonotic diseases. Formerly rare diseases are becoming more common.]
 ...
PMID:Zoonotic diseases of birds. 176 75

Secondary infectious diseases contribute substantially to morbidity and mortality of people infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The authors developed comprehensive, practical recommendations for prevention of infectious complications in HIV-infected people. Recommendations are concerned with the pathogens that are more common or more severe in HIV-infected people. Several infectious complications can be prevented by avoiding ingestion of contaminated food or water. Zoonoses can be prevented by precautions to be taken in contacts with animals. The risk of several fungal diseases can be reduced if activities likely to lead to inhalation of spores are avoided. HIV-infected people should be advised how to lower adverse health effects of travel, especially international travel. The potential for infectious complications of sexual activity and illicit drug use should be stressed, and recommendations to reduce the risk are discussed. Recommendations for use of vaccines in HIV-infected people are reviewed. Blood CD4+ lymphocyte concentrations, tuberculin skin testing, Toxoplasma serology, and sexually transmitted disease screening should be performed in certain subsets of HIV-infected people. Guidelines for chemoprophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii and tuberculosis are presented. Recent data suggest that intravenous immunoglobulin therapy may prevent bacterial infections in HIV-infected children.
 ...
PMID:Preventing secondary infections among HIV-positive persons. 191 Jan 84

Infection with Oesophagostomum sp. is normally considered a rare zoonosis and up to this time its diagnosis has been based on the demonstration of larvae and young adult worms in the typical nodules formed in the intestinal wall. Only in Dapaong, in North Togo, and Bawku, North Ghana, have larger series of clinical cases been described. In the rural areas around these towns, a survey was made in which stool samples were collected and cultured. Third-stage larvae of Oesophagostomum sp. could be found after 5-7 days of incubation at room temperature, and the prevalence of infection with this parasite was often high but varied from one village to another. It was over 30% in seven villages out of the 15 villages surveyed. Anthelmintic treatment resulted in the evacuation of adult males and females of O. bifurcum. It is concluded that O. bifurcum is a locally common parasite of humans, not requiring an animal reservoir for completion of its lifecycle.
 ...
PMID:Oesophagostomiasis, a common infection of man in northern Togo and Ghana. 203 55

Q fever is an zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetti, the clinical features of which are often nonspecific and self-limited. Involvement of the central nervous system is rare and is usually seen as a complication of endocarditis caused by this rickettsial organism in the chronic disease. Specific neurological manifestations in the course of the acute illness aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, toxic confusional states, extrapyramidal signs, dementia and behavioral disturbances. We describe a patient who developed reversible bilateral abducens nerve paralysis and bilateral optic neuritis in the course of acute Q fever meningoencephalitis.
Infection
PMID:Q fever meningoencephalitis associated with bilateral abducens nerve paralysis, bilateral optic neuritis and abnormal cerebrospinal fluid findings. 261 30

We report Dysgonic Fermenter-type 2 septicaemia presenting in two previously healthy individuals, and review 52 cases of infection with Dysgonic Fermenter-type 2 reported in the English language literature. This zoonosis is usually acquired through contact with dogs and cats. Infection often presents with little warning to patient or physician and carries a high mortality. The immunosuppressed patient, those without a spleen, alcoholics and those with chronic disease appear to be most susceptible, although the healthy individual is also prone to infection. The infection is probably underdiagnosed due to difficulties in isolating Dysgonic Fermenter-type 2 by conventional blood culture techniques. Clinical and microbiological awareness is of prime importance in the early diagnosis of this potentially lethal infection.
 ...
PMID:Dysgonic Fermenter-type 2: an emerging zoonosis. Report of two cases and review. 307 66

Pentastomiasis is a parasitic zoonosis caused by pentastomes, members of an unusual phylum--Pentastomida--with characteristics of both arthropods and annelids. Adult pentastomes parasitize the respiratory tracts of reptiles or carnivorous mammals. The infection is generally limited to the tropics and subtropics, but ocular involvement has been reported in the southern United States. The majority of human pentastomiasis is caused by two species. The first, Armillifer armillatus, infects humans as secondary hosts. Infection is usually asymptomatic but has characteristic postmortem and radiologic features. The second, Linguatula serrata, can infect humans as does Armillifer or can cause a self-limited nasopharyngitis--the halzoun or marrara syndrome--with the human acting as a temporary definitive host. This article discusses the biology and parasitology of these metazoans as well as the clinical manifestations, pathology, diagnosis, and epidemiology of pentastomiasis.
 ...
PMID:Pentastomiasis. 332 58

In the Federal Republic of Germany no large Q fever epidemics (more than 200 cases) have been encountered within the last 20 years; however, Q fever was prevalent throughout that period on a constant level (between 27 and 100 officially reported cases per year). Besides classical pneumonic Q fever, chronic forms associated with endocarditis, myocarditis and hepatitis were recently diagnosed for the first time in the Federal Republic of Germany. The disease Q fever in humans is often misdiagnosed as common cold or influenza, and more attention should be paid to this entity by the medical profession. Within ten years there has been a sharp increase of Q fever infections in livestock and pets as proved by seroepidemiologic investigations. Preliminary results of a seroepidemiological study indicate a parallel increase of seropositives in the human population, but further investigations on larger numbers of sera are required for statistic confirmation. There are reasons to believe that, in contrast to general opinion, in the Federal Republic of Germany C. burnetii is involved now in infertility in cattle, and besides being a zoonosis Q fever must be considered as a potentially important infectious disease of cattle causing economic losses in this country. Further investigations on this matter are required.
 ...
PMID:Epidemiology and significance of Q fever in the Federal Republic of Germany. 332 69


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>