Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0009443 (cold)
 92,137 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Gastrointestinal complications following cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) are associated with high mortality rates. The identification of prolonged CPB time and calcium administration as independent predictors of gastrointestinal complications suggests decreased splanchnic perfusion as a possible mechanism. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated splanchnic organ perfusion during CPB and after calcium chloride administration. Mongrel dogs were studied under anesthesia and were cannulated for bypass. CPB was begun at 37 degrees C, and the heart was fibrillated and vented. After 30 min, CPB temperature was reduced to 25 degrees C for 1 h with the heart arrested through cold crystalloid cardioplegia. After rewarming to 37 degrees C for 30 min, the heart was cardioverted, and CPB was weaned off. Calcium chloride (10 mg/kg) or saline was administered. Organ blood flow was determined with radiolabeled microspheres at baseline, during CPB, and after weaning from CPB. Splanchnic organ blood flow did not decrease during any phase of CPB. Calcium chloride administration after CPB had no effect on splanchnic organ blood flow. While gastrointestinal injury may result from CPB, this study suggests that the mechanism of injury is not decreased by splanchnic organ perfusion during bypass. While calcium chloride can cause pancreatic injury, the responsible mechanism is not calcium-induced hypoperfusion.
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PMID:Effect of cardiopulmonary bypass and calcium administration on the splanchnic circulation. 978 66

1. The growth of fresh adult tissue in plasma medium suggested that plasma contained a substance active in overcoming the dormancy of adult tissues. 2. Incubation of adult chicken aorta in serum (from chickens or other species) before it was planted in a plasma medium, resulted in a much shorter lag period and a faster initial growth than that of control tissue incubated in Tyrode solution (or of fresh untreated tissue). In other words, serum helped overcome the dormancy of adult tissue while Tyrode solution preserved the tissue in a dormant state. This activity of serum was shown to be due neither to its albumin or globulin nor to its lipase or other enzymes. 3. The ultrafiltrate from serum was highly active in overcoming adult tissue dormancy, while the dialyzed residue was inactive. The ultrafiltrate was not species specific. It withstood 100 degrees C. in neutral solution for 10 minutes, but not for 3 hours, and was destroyed at pH 2 and pH 12. It was active after 10 months in the ice box. It does not affect tissues in the cold. 4. Copper acetate precipitated a fraction from serum ultrafiltrate which, when freed from copper, was stimulating to the initial growth of adult aorta tissue. 5. Calcium chloride precipitated fractions from serum ultrafiltrate (and also from urine) which were stimulating. 6. Attempts to concentrate the A factor, the active agent, by vacuum evaporation and subsequent fractionation with different solvents were not satisfactory. 7. Lymph was highly stimulating and ventricular fluid slightly stimulating. 8. No growth was obtained in the absence of the A factor, but we doubt that it is alone responsible for overcoming the dormancy of adult tissue.
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PMID:SUBSTANCES AFFECTING ADULT TISSUE IN VITRO : III. A STIMULANT (THE "A FACTOR") IN SERUM ULTRAFILTRATE INVOLVED IN OVERCOMING ADULT TISSUE DORMANCY. 1987 18