Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0009443 (cold)
 92,137 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Childhood pneumonia continues to be the second highest contributor to childhood morbidity and mortality in all ethnic groups in Pakistan. Information on community perceptions and management is largely limited to the Punjabi populace. In this study, ethno-specific illness terminologies, recognition and severity indicators and resort to treatment options for childhood pneumonia are explored among the two main ethnic groups in Sindh. Results are based on focus group discussions with 90 caretakers and 16 case history interviews. The findings indicate that pneumonia recognition is almost universal. The main recognition and severity indicator was pasli chalna (chest indrawing) followed by signs and symptoms relating to the quality of breathing and presence of high fever, lethargy and anorexia. Recognition of rapid breathing was low and mostly associated with fever. Exposure to thand (cold) through a variety of mechanisms was perceived to be the dominant causal model. The concept of contagion was virtually non-existent. Despite this, belief in efficacy of allopathic care was very high. Most caretakers reported seeking outside care within one to three days of the onset of symptoms. However, unrealistic expectations of cure often led to change in physicians and treatment regimen, if no improvement was observed by the second day. On the other hand, the quality of care provided by the physicians (both licensed and unlicensed) left much to be desired. Female autonomy and mobility did not appear to be a major constraint in seeking outside care other than for hospitalisation. Implications of these findings for the national acute respiratory infections control programme and future research are discussed
 ...
PMID:Pneumonia perceptions and management: an ethnographic study in urban squatter settlements of Karachi, Pakistan. 925 92

Behavioral symptoms of sickness that develop in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and proinflammatory cytokines include depressed locomotion, anorexia, and reduced social activities. The way maternal behavior is affected in response to cytokines has, however, not yet been investigated. We checked that lactating mice are sensitive to LPS by showing that LPS- (400 microg/kg, ip) injected mice ate and drank less than saline-injected mothers and displayed a decreased rectal temperature. At an ambient temperature of 22 degrees C, nest building was significantly decreased in LPS-treated mothers compared to saline-treated animals, whereas pup retrieving, while slower, was still present and globally as efficient as for saline-treated mice. In a second experiment, dams were either injected with physiological saline or LPS but were also exposed to a cold ambient temperature (6 degrees C) or kept in standard external condition (22 degrees C). LPS-treated mice exposed to cold expressed not only pup-retrieving but also nest-building activity. These differential results indicate that the behavioral expression of LPS-induced sickness depends on the priority of the behavior under consideration.
 ...
PMID:Differential effects of lipopolysaccharide on pup retrieving and nest building in lactating mice. 929 60

Defining clinical guidelines for the treatment of cancer-related anemia requires investigation into causes and characteristics of this malady, uses, benefits, and adverse effects of current treatments; and recognition of currently accepted guidelines set forth by the American College of Physicians and the American Association of Blood Banks. Anemia, the most common hematologic abnormality in patients with cancer, originates from a variety of causes, including occult blood loss, hypoproliferation, and hemolysis, and often involves more than one mechanism. Clinical manifestations include fatigue, dyspnea, tachycardia, dizziness, anorexia, and hypersensitivity to cold. Although the majority of cancer-related anemias are hypoproliferative, establishing their pathophysiology in individual patients is critical to effective treatment. Anemia usually, but not always, resolves with successful treatment of underlying disease. Symptomatic relief can be managed in accordance with established treatment guidelines.
 ...
PMID:Clinical guidelines for the treatment of cancer-related anemia. 946 89

An 18-year-old white woman had nausea, vomiting, weight loss, and a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa. Copper-colored skin was noted on physical examination, and serum chemistry values were normal. Subsequent fever, disorientation, and confusion led to the discovery of Addison's disease, which responded well to corticosteroid replacement therapy. Addisonian and anorexic patients exhibit clinical similarities, including nausea, vomiting, weight loss, abdominal pain, cold intolerance, hypothermia, and orthostasis. Other commonalities include prolongation of electrocardiographic PR and QT intervals and generalized slowing on electroencephalogram. Important differences include a brown color to the skin in Addison's disease instead of a yellowish color in anorexia. Addisonian patients also display hypocortisolism, hypoglycemia, and hyperkalemia, in contrast to the hypercortisolism, hyperglycemia, and hypokalemia seen in anorexia.
 ...
PMID:Prompt differentiation of Addison's disease from anorexia nervosa during weight loss and vomiting. 949 78

An 18-year-old female had common cold and insomnia in early March 1987. Later, abnormal speech and behavior, emotional incontinence, anorexia and consciousness disturbance appeared. On March 19, she was admitted to our hospital in semi-comatose state. Myoclonus-like movement on hands was observed, and epileptic attacks with tonic and clonic convulsions occasionally occurred. There were no neurological findings that suspected cerebral focal lesions. The respiration was assisted through tracheal intubation. Laboratory examinations showed inflammatory reactions (CRP+2, WBC 10,600) and transient high levels serum CK (6,215 IU). As she had bradycardia (30-40/min) with complete AV block on ECG, the pacemaker was implanted. The complication of myocarditis was suspected. EEG showed bilateral slow waves (3-6Hz), dominantly in frontal areas. Brain CT and CSF examinations were normal. After the combined administration of ara-A, dexamethasone and anti-convulsant, the consciousness level was recovered within a month. The serum antibody against coxsackie virus B4 alone was significantly increased. We concluded that coxsackie virus B4 caused acute encephalitis with mental symptoms and myocarditis with AV block. Recently, cytomegalovirus was reported to be the causative virus in a young female with non-HSV encephalitis who showed mental symptoms with good prognosis, but coxsackie virus B4 should also be considered as one of the causative viruses.
 ...
PMID:[Coxsackie virus B4 encephalitis in a young female who developed mental symptoms, and consciousness disturbance, and completely recovered]. 959 14

In this study, insomnia in 80-year-olds was related to medical, psychological and social factors. The data were based on examinations every year in people aged between 80 and 89 years. Of 333 people living in the city of Lund and born in 1908, 67% participated. Increased severity of insomnia was significantly associated with use of diuretics, other cardiovascular drugs, hypnotics and laxatives, and with nervousness, difficulty relaxing, anorexia, nausea, constipation, backache, feeling cold, sweating, loss of weight, dizziness, depression, general fatigue, exhaustion, angina pectoris, cardiac insufficiency, worsened objective and subjective health, presence of negative T-waves on ECG, anxiety, total life satisfaction, neuroticism, disbelief in a just world, feeling lonely and lower survival rates. Thus insomnia has widespread associations with different aspects of life in 80-year-olds.
 ...
PMID:Insomnia in an 80-year-old population: relationship to medical, psychological and social factors. 978 73

A 22-year-old woman began to have the symptoms of anorexia, high fever, cough and general fatigue from June of 1997. She was admitted in our hospital on Aug. 8th, 1997 for the further detail examination because of pancytopenia and positive antinuclear antibody (ANA). Her laboratory findings and clinical symptoms were compatible with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) such as leukopenia, proteinuria, hypocomplementemia, positive ANA, elevated titer of autoantibodies including anti-DNA, anti-Sm, anti-RNP antibodies, polyarthralgia and photosensitivity. The administration of oral prednisolone (40 mg/day) was started on Aug. 15th, 1997 under the diagnosis of SLE. However, she had severe abdominal pain in epigastrium with elevated serum amylase, ascites and dull shape of pancreas tail by CT scan compatible with acute pancreatitis. On Aug. 18th, her general condition was worsening with fever, epigastralgia, abdominal distension, anemia, weak palpation of radial artery, hypotension, tachycardia, shallow breathing and cold sensation on both extremities as shock. In spite of steroid pulse therapy with nafamostat mesilate intraarterial infusion, her condition was not improved. The dose of 50 mg/day of cyclophosphamide was added to the regimen on Aug. 22nd. Then, gradually her condition started to be restored. Anemia, leukopenia, hypocomplementemia continued. Second steroid pulse therapy was done on Sep. 5th. After then, she became better in her clinical symptoms and laboratory data. The dose of PSL was tapered to 15 mg/day and 7.5 mg/day update of Oct. 1998 without the pseudcysts found after pancreatitis. She is a rare case who recovered from severe acute pancreatitis due to SLE itself.
 ...
PMID:[A case of systemic lupus erythematosus associated with severe acute pancreatitis]. 1043 57

The authors report a case of tianeptine abuse in a 30 year-old woman. After a medical prescription of the recommended dosage of 12.5 mg 3 times daily of oral tianeptine for a depressive illness, the patient spontaneously increased the dosage which after two months reached 150 tablets per day. No severe toxic effects were observed. As adverse effects, the patient, in the beginning of this high treatment period suffered from nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, anorexia with weight loss, constipation. These side effects progressively disappeared. The biological tolerance was excellent, and hepatic parameters were not affected. The patient experienced and seek a psychostimulant effect. After seven months of such a therapy, she was hospitalized to undergo a withdrawal. The discontinuation of the tianeptine treatment occurs in four days. A withdrawal syndrome marked by myalgia, and cold feeling was transient, and alleviated by sedative phenothiazine (cyamemazine) and myorelaxant benzodiazepine (tetrazepam).
 ...
PMID:[Abuse of tianeptine. A case report]. 1066 14

The patients was a 43-year-old woman whose chief complaints were nausea and heaviness of the heads. There was a history of toxemia of pregnancy. The patient had previously taken Tenshin Tokishigyaku-ka-goshuyu-shokyo-to for two years because of cold sensitivity. Fever, thirst, and loss of appetite developed from approximately 18 months after she started treatment with the Chinese herbal preparation, and she presented at our outpatient clinic 2.5 years later. On initial examination, deterioration of renal function was evident and the serum creatinine level was 3.4 mg/dl. A renal biopsy specimen showed marked interstitial fibrosis without inflammatory cell infiltration, leading to the diagnosis of Chinese herbs nephropathy (CHN). Steroid therapy was started on the 36th hospital day after a sharp rise in the serum creatinine level to 5.1 mg/dl. This resulted in the rapid improvement of renal function and reduction of the serum creatinine to 2.6 mg/dl by 8 weeks after the initiation of treatment. In a study on the use of steroids for patients with progressive moderate renal dysfunction caused by Chinese herbs, Vanherweghem et al. reported that the progression of renal failure was appreciably slowed in patients given steroids when compared with the control group. We were also able to slow the progression of renal dysfunction in our patient by steroid therapy, although the prognosis of CHN is generally considered to be very poor.
 ...
PMID:[A case of Chinese herbs nephropathy in which the progression of renal dysfunction was slowed by steroid therapy]. 1077 78

A significant portion of the world's geography lies above 10,000 feet elevation, an arbitrary designation that separates moderate and high altitude. Although the number of indigenous people living at these elevations is relatively small, many people travel to high altitude for work or recreation, exposing themselves to chronic or intermittent hypoxia and the associated risk of acute mountain sickness (AMS) and less frequently, high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) and high altitude cerebral edema (HACE). The symptoms of AMS (headache, nausea, anorexia, fatigue, lassitude) occur in those who travel too high, too fast. Some investigators have linked the development of these symptoms with the condition of altered blood-brain barrier permeability, possibly related to hypoxia induced free radical formation. The burden of oxidative stress increases during the time spent at altitude and may even persist for some time upon return to sea level. The physiological and medical consequences of increased oxidative stress engendered by altitude is unclear; indeed, hypoxia is believed to be the trigger for the cascade of signaling events that ultimately leads to adaptation to altitude. These signaling events include the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that may elicit important adaptive responses. If produced in excess, however, these ROS may contribute to impaired muscle function and reduced capillary perfusion at altitude or may even play a role in precipitating more serious neurological and pulmonary crisis. Oxidative stress can be observed at altitude without strenuous physical exertion; however, environmental factors other than hypoxia, such as exercise, UV light exposure and cold exposure, can also contribute to the burden. Providing antioxidant nutrients via the diet or supplements to the diet can reduce oxidative stress secondary to altitude exposure. In summary, the significant unanswered question concerning altitude exposure and antioxidant supplementation is when does oxidative stress become potentially damaging enough to merit antioxidant therapy and conversely, what degree of oxidative stress is necessary to foster the adaptive response of altitude exposure?
 ...
PMID:Work at high altitude and oxidative stress: antioxidant nutrients. 1232 88


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Next >>