Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0009443 (cold)
 92,137 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We identified two siblings with exercise-induced anaphylaxis who share the HLA haplotype A3-B8-DR3 with their atopic father. The index case, a 16-year-old female, noted initial episodes at age 13. Intense pruritus, urticaria, facial edema, choking sensation, nausea, hypothermia, and collapse followed vigorous running but not swimming, cycling, racquetball, solar exposure, or cold exposure. Neither antihistamine, antiserotonin, anticholinergic nor epinephrine therapy was entirely effective or protective; only modification of running prevented episodes. Three similar episodes were noted at age 15 years by a brother who, now age 25, relates a 4-year history of seasonal rhinitis and exercise-related urticaria without anaphylactoid reaction. The remainder of the family (father, 47; mother, 46; brother, 22 years) does not have exercise intolerance. The father has allergic rhinitis; his nephew suffers exercise-induced urticaria without collapse. HLA typing revealed the father to be A1-B8-DR3, A3-B8-DR3; the symptomatic daughter to be A3-B8-DR3, A30-B5-DR8; and the symptomatic son to be A3-B8-DR3, A30-B5-DR8. The asymptomatic mother was A30-B5-DR8, A2-B7-DR5 and the asymptomatic son A1-B8-DR3, A30-B5-DR8. We describe exercise-induced anaphylaxis in a unique familial setting, perhaps linked to the HLA haplotype A3-B8-DR3.
 ...
PMID:Familial exercise-induced anaphylaxis. 347 Oct 98

During a Swiss multicenter study on HLA-antigens in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the patients sera were tested for cytotoxic, complement fixing antibodies against autologous B- and T-lymphocytes (LCA). LCA were found in about 25% of the patients. Anti-B and cold-reacting LCA were more frequent than were anti-T and LCA reacting at 37 degrees. Most patients with anti-B had anti-T LCA as well. Among patients with LCA, 46.4% had the HLA-DR2 antigen as opposed to 21.2% of the patients without such antibodies (p = 0.0004). There was no difference between the two groups in regard to the other HLA-DR antigens. The patients with LCA had higher titers of rheumatoid factors and of antinuclear antibodies than those without these antibodies. There was no significant difference between the patients with LCA and those without in regard to severity of disease (radiological stage in relation to duration of disease), extra-articular involvement, the amount of circulating immune complexes, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
 ...
PMID:Lymphocytotoxic antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis: relation to HLA-DR2 and rheumatoid factors. 348 55

Two or more years after a kidney transplantation were determined the GFR as 51Cr-EDTA-clearance and the effective renal plasma flow as 125J-hippuran clearance. In 14 children the results of the clearance with the HLA-identity (HLA-I), the quantity of the transfusion units (TU) received before the transplantation and the duration of the cold ischaemia time (CIT) were correlated. While with HLA-I and TU no connections could be proved, the results of the clearance seemed to be reversedly proportional to the CIT (r = -0.53 and -0.64 for GFR and ERPF) for a longer time after transplantation. Different age between donor and recipient shows worse results of clearance in the group of the adults who received a kidney of a child, in contrast to the other three possible combinations of the kidney transplantation.
 ...
PMID:[Growth of transplanted kidneys]. 351 81

Serum of 68 patients with aplastic anemia was tested for the presence of autolymphocytotoxins (auto-LTs). Prior to specific disease treatment, 16 patients (24%) displayed antibodies cytotoxic to their own lymphocytes. These antibodies had the characteristics of cold-reactive lymphocytotoxins. Their detection in patients' sera was found unrelated to a viral or toxic cause of the disease or the patients' HLA genotype. Broadly reactive anti-HLA antibodies were less frequent in pretreatment sera containing auto-LTs, suggesting that these autoantibodies could modulate alloantibody production. However, after specific disease treatment, the alloantibody frequency was comparable in patients with or without auto-LTs. We found no significant difference in response to antilymphocyte serum or bone marrow graft outcome in the patients in relation to the presence or absence of pretreatment auto-LTs. This observation suggests that the detection of these autoantibodies in aplastic anemia has no clinical relevance.
 ...
PMID:Characteristics and clinical relevance of autolymphocytotoxins in patients with aplastic anemia. 352 56

In a young girl with a severe combined immunodeficiency, the presence of circulating maternal T lymphocytes was proven by HLA typing. Manifestations of skin graft vs host disease were associated with the persistence of maternal cells. The patient received an HLA identical bone marrow transplantation from her brother without any conditioning. The bone marrow transplantation was quickly followed by a transient and dramatic increase in skin lesions associated with fever and the finding of a high number of circulating lymphocytes and eosinophils. Lymphocytes were shown to be of donor origin and exerted a spontaneous cytotoxic activity toward maternal cells. This activity progressively disappeared within 90 days, whereas maternal cells were no longer detected in patient's blood, and skin graft vs host disease was resolved within 8 wk. Cytotoxic activity was proven to be mediated by donor T lymphocytes specific for the mother's HLA antigens. The cytotoxic activity was demonstrated to be specific for the HLA class I molecules of the mother not shared with her daughter (HLA A1, B17) as shown by the use of a series of HLA typed cells as targets. In addition, cold K562 target cells did not block the cytotoxic activity, and the kinetics of the cytotoxic activity did not correlate with that of natural killer activity emergence after the bone marrow transplantation. Patient's serum did not contain antibodies toward maternal specific HLA class I antigen. Cytotoxic activity was totally blocked by anti-T3 monoclonal antibodies and partially by anti-T8 and anti-T4. It is thus likely that donor origin cytotoxic T lymphocytes were promptly activated after bone marrow transplantation and provoked the elimination of the maternal graft after a transient exacerbation of graft vs host disease manifestations. This observation represents one of the first examples of the possible role in vivo of allogeneic cytotoxic lymphocytes in humans.
 ...
PMID:Graft vs graft reaction resulting in the elimination of maternal cells in a SCID patient with maternofetal GVHd after an HLA identical bone marrow transplantation. 354 Jan 21

Fifty-seven sera from leprosy patients and 33 sera from age- and sex-matched hospital controls were tested for the presence of cold-reacting lymphocytotoxic antibodies (LCAs) at 15 degrees C against a panel of 30 HLA-typed normal lymphocytes. Eighteen of 57 (31.6%) leprosy sera and 22 of 33 (67%) control sera showed reactivity, but the strength of reactivity of the patients' sera was significantly more than that of the control group (p less than 0.01 by Wilcoxon rank sum test). Within the leprosy group, there was no significant difference in the reactivity of 30 tuberculoid and 27 lepromatous sera. The occurrence of LCAs was independent of the sex or the HBsAg status of the serum donor. LCA activity was not correlated with treatment status, bacillary load, or reaction state.
 ...
PMID:Cold reactive lymphocytotoxic antibodies in patients with tuberculoid and lepromatous leprosy. 359 82

A quantitative fluid-phase radioassay for autoantibodies reacting with insulin (competitive insulin autoantibody assay, CIAA) was developed. The assay's features include 1) use of a physiologic amount of 125I-labeled insulin, 2) parallel incubations with supraphysiologic cold insulin (competitive), and 3) an incubation time of 7 days and a single-step multiple-wash polyethylene glycol separation. Mean +/- SE CIAA levels in 50 controls were 8 +/- 1.4 nU/ml (range -16-33.3). In 36 cytoplasmic islet cell antibody (ICA)-positive nondiabetic first-degree relatives of type I (insulin-dependent) patients less than 30 yr of age, CIAA levels exceeded the normal range in 20 (55.6%) of 36 (mean 86.8 +/- 17.1 nU/ml). In 26 ICA-positive relatives greater than 30 yr of age, only 5 (19.2%) of 26 exceeded the normal range (mean 26.1 +/- 9.4 nU/ml); P less than .001 compared with younger ICA-positive relatives). Six ICA-negative HLA-identical siblings of type I diabetic patients had normal CIAA levels (mean 3.6 +/- 5.8 nU/ml), and only 2 of 13 ICA-negative identical twins discordant for diabetes (mean 15.4 +/- 6.6 nU/ml) exceeded the normal range. Nine (50%) of 18 ICA-positive schoolchildren exceeded the normal range (mean 105.3 +/- 36.7 nU/ml). Genetically susceptible subjects negative for CIAA (with only 3 exceptions) remained negative for CIAA on multiple determinations (3 conversions observed), and CIAA levels of positive subjects were relatively stable. Linear regression of the first CIAA level versus last (interval between sampling 1 mo to 10 yr) in genetically susceptible individuals showed a highly significant correlation (r = .95, P less than .001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Competitive insulin autoantibody assay. Prospective evaluation of subjects at high risk for development of type I diabetes mellitus. 366 19

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity against HBs antigen (HBsAg)-coated autologous mononuclear cells as target cells was examined in hepatitis B virus infection. Target cells were prepared by coincubation of mononuclear cells with purified HBsAg in 0.5 mM CrCl3. The distribution and uniformity amounts of HBsAg on target cells was shown by immune fluorescence and by analyzing the fluorescence intensity with a fluorescent activated cell sorter. CTL activity was detected in 7 of 9 patients with acute hepatitis type B, in 4 of 11 chronic active hepatitis type B, in none of 8 healthy HBsAg carriers, and in none of 22 healthy volunteers. The antigen specificity of the cytotoxicity was confirmed by a blocking experiment with purified HBsAg and by cold target inhibition with HBsAg or bovine serum albumin (irrelevant antigen) coupled cold target cells. CTL lysed HBsAg coupled allogeneic target cells that shared HLA-A or B locus antigens. This finding suggests that HLA restriction may be involved in the killing mechanism. This HBsAg specific CTL clone may participate in the immunopathogenesis of hepatitis B virus infection.
 ...
PMID:Hepatitis B surface antigen specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity in hepatitis B virus infection. 387 61

Best possible tissue compatibility is a fundamental precondition for a successful organ transplantation. The desirable tissue compatibility is mainly defined by transplantation-antigens of the donor and the recipient and therefore--beside ABO antigens--the characteristics of HLA-system are the focal point of the preoperative immunological diagnosis. Based on the results of comperative examinations it is demonstrated, that HLA-antisera have such a widespread biological variability, that they lead sometimes to a faulty diagnosis which in turn causes the biological importance of the HLA-system to be doubted. The preoperative immunologic diagnosis should include an estimation of the risk factors in the patient. The consideration of the crossmatch between donor and recipient is a decisive factor in organ transplantation. The starting point is the preoperative antibody monitoring which checks the patients serum reactions against a panel of blood donors to see, whether the patient is a "high" or "low"-- responder to allogenetic stimuli. A positive reaction in the crossmatch is brought about by different kinds of antibodies whereby only in the presence of auto-antibody or cold-reactive B-cell antibody a transplantation may take place. The antibody characterisation in preoperative diagnosis is supported by the results of the immunologic antibody monitoring, whereby--because of the results here presented-- it can be confirmed, that through the knowledge of the antibody specifities which have been checked in a positive crossmatch transplantation on highly sensitized patients can take place with a prospect of success. Supplementing the "Eurotransplant" results the HLA-DRw6 antigen is shown not only to be an indication of risk in transplantation, but may also be an aetiopathogenetic factor. In the presentated statistics it can be shown, that in patients suffering from glomerulonephritis or pyelonephritis and requiring dialysis treatment the HLA - DRw6 antigen occur more frequently than in the control group of healthy blood donors. In glomerulonephritis patients there is additionally a significant change in distribution favourable to HLA - DRw10 shown. The determination of genetically caused risk factors is appreciably supported by characterisation of lymphocyte subpopulations and diagnosis of changes in the Complement-system. Changes in T-lymphocyte subpopulations pointing to proceedings of immunostimulation and conditions of the activated Complement-system represent warning signals in organ transplantation.
 ...
PMID:[Immunologic and transplantation biology studies in patients with terminal renal failure]. 389 33

The effect of HLA matching on cadaver kidney graft survival was analyzed in relation to the length of cold ischemic kidney preservation prior to implantation. The best correlation was seen when ischemia was greater than 36 hr, however, even with less than 24 hr ischemia there was a good correlation of matching with graft outcome. Importantly, HLA matched kidneys with greater than 36 hr ischemia performed very well, better than poorly matched kidneys with short ischemia.
 ...
PMID:Analysis of HLA matching in relation to kidney preservation time. 391 71


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>