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Query: UMLS:C0009402 (colorectal cancer)
 53,228 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Case records of all patients 30 years of age and under with a proven pathological diagnosis of colorectal cancer at Howard University Hospital between January 1955 and December 1977 were reviewed. Over this 23-year period, 14 cases were documented. All patients were black. This study reaffirms the poor prognosis which accompanies colorectal carcinoma in the young, particularly in those patients with mucinous carcinoma.
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PMID:Colorectal carcinoma in young persons: experience at Howard University Hospital, 1955--1977. 22 63

The clinical findings of a population-based colorectal tumor registry have been analyzed to determine elements of supporting or not supporting the existence of different types of large bowel cancer. Age-specific incidence rate of the 409 registered patients rose sharply with increasing age in all segments of the large bowel; however, regarding left colon and rectum, the male: female ratio showed a marked male preponderance, more evident in the more advanced age groups. Histopathology, studied in 87% of patients, revealed adenocarcinoma as the most frequent feature; however, adenocarcinoma with concomitant adenoma (i.e., presumably arising in adenoma) was observed in 14.3% of cancers of the left colon, in 17.7% of rectal tumors, but in only 5.7% of neoplasms of the proximal colon (P less than 0.05 and P less than 0.01, respectively, vs. left colon and rectum). Some histological features (carcinoid and mucinous carcinoma) were observed in right-side tumors only. Analysis of the familial occurrence of cancer showed that a significantly larger proportion of patients with neoplasms located in proximal colonic segments had three or more first-degree relatives affected by (or deceased from) cancer of all sites. Similarly, colorectal tumors among relatives were more frequent in patients with right-side cancer. The location of the 793 polyps observed during 3 years of registration showed that more than 70% of adenomas were located beyond the splenic flexure, overlapping the distribution of cancers. In conclusion, the differences of sex ratio at different colonic subsites, the higher fraction of adenocarcinomas with adenomas in cancer of the more distal tracts of the large bowel, and the more marked familial occurrence of colorectal cancer in patients with right-side neoplasms tend to support the view that cancer of the proximal colon, cancer of the distal colon, and cancer of the rectum may actually be three different types of tumors.
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PMID:Evidence for the existence of different types of large bowel tumor: suggestions from the clinical data of a population-based registry. 216 May 69

Carcinomas of the colon were induced in F344 rats with dimethylhydrazine (20 mg/kg for 12 weeks). The invasive edges of the lesions were examined with the electron microscope. As in human colorectal cancer, the invasive edges show neoplastic cells with abnormal differentiation of apical cytoplasmic rootlets and processes at the basal or invasive edge of the cell, 'apical reversal'. Mucous carcinoma cells release material into the interstitial connective tissue matrix. The features may contribute to the complex phenomenon of neoplastic invasion.
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PMID:Neoplastic invasion in experimental carcinoma of the colon: abnormal differentiation and release of mucus. 235 Sep 17

During a seven year period ending in 1984, the Calvados Registry of Digestive Tract Tumors (France) recorded 1446 cases of colorectal cancer. The sex-ratio, age, and histologic type were studied with respect to location. From cecum to rectum, the sex-ratio varied from 1 to 1.9. Average age at diagnosis varied between 67.5 and 72.6 years for women but was invariable for males. The proportion of mucinous carcinoma varied between 13 p. 100 in the cecum and 5 p. 100 in the sigmoid and rectum. The study of incidence with respect to age and location showed that there were less elderly women with left colonic and rectal carcinoma. Epidemiologically, there seems to be two different types of colonic carcinoma: proximal and distal colonic carcinoma (including the rectum), the separation being determined by the splenic flexure.
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PMID:[Proximal and distal cancers of the colon: 2 epidemiologically different cancers]. 273 78

To determine the clinicopathologic significance of colloid carcinoma in carcinoma of the colon and rectosigmoid/rectum, a retrospective review of 462 patients who underwent potentially curative surgery at the New England Deaconess Hospital was performed. Seventy-seven patients (17%) were identified who had tumors with some component of colloid present. Colloid carcinoma occurred in 49 (11%). The remaining 28 (6%) had adenocarcinoma with colloid features. Compared to patients with pure adenocarcinoma, the 5-year actuarial survival of patients with colloid carcinoma was lower in the colon, rectosigmoid/rectum, and colorectum. Patterns of failure, expressed as the actuarial incidence of failure at 5 years, were examined by histologic condition and stage. Patients with Dukes' Stage B colloid carcinoma had a higher incidence of total failure, and patients with Dukes' Stage C colloid carcinoma had a higher incidence of local, abdominal, and total failure. None of the differences reached statistical significance. The presence of colloid carcinoma may have a real but small impact on the patterns of failure and survival in colorectal cancer.
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PMID:Colloid carcinoma of the colon and rectum. 282 24

Five hundred and sixty-five cases of large bowel cancer were analysed. There were 8 (1.4%) appendiceal tumours, 296 (52.4%) colonic cancers, 236 (41.8%) rectal cancers, 6 (1.1%) anal cancers and 19 (3.4%) multiple primary cancers of the large bowel. Non-mucinous adenocarcinoma was by far the commonest histological type of large bowel cancer (74.7%). This was followed by mucinous carcinoma (20.7%). Other histological types were relatively uncommon. They included carcinoid tumours (1.8%), signet-ring cell carcinoma (1.5%), squamous cell carcinoma (0.7%), undifferentiated carcinoma (0.4%) and adenosquamous carcinoma (0.2%). The proportion of mucinous carcinoma was greater among the Indians and Malays than among the Chinese. There was a positive correlation between the grade and extent of spread of the tumour. The right colon had greater proportion of poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas than the left colon; this tendency was more evident in females. Mucinous carcinoma tended to occur more frequently in the younger age groups and in populations with low risk for colorectal cancer. Remnants of adenoma, often with a prominent villous component, were found to associate with mucinous carcinoma in a significantly higher proportion (18.0%) than non-mucinous adenocarcinoma (2.6%) (P less than 0.001). Papillary structures within the tumour were encountered in 26.2% of mucinous carcinoma compared to 13.4% of non-mucinous adenocarcinoma (P less than 0.001). A greater proportion of mucinous carcinoma was located in the caecum-ascending colon compared with non-mucinous adenocarcinoma. It is suggested that the histogenetic relationship with adenoma, particularly villous adenoma, was stronger in mucinous carcinoma than in non-mucinous adenocarcinoma. The relationship between the amount of mucin and the grade and stage of the cancer was not a linear one. In general, greater proportions of poorly differentiated and advanced tumours were encountered when the amount of mucin exceeded 50% of the tumour area. Multiple cancers of the large bowel increased with age. Compared with single cancers, they tended to be smaller, better differentiated, less extensive in their spread and had a stronger association with adenomas of the large intestine.
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PMID:Carcinoma of the large bowel in Singapore--a pathological study. 284 30

A comparative study of colorectal adenocarcinoma was undertaken among the populations of Jordan and Nova Scotia, Canada. The incidence of this cancer was 13 (colon 6, rectum 7) and 53 (colon 31, rectum 22) per 100,000 males aged 35--64 years, respectively. Colonic tumors (excluding rectosigmoid) showed left-sided preponderance in Jordanians and right-sided preponderance in Nova Scotians. Age average at diagnosis was 49 years in Jordanians (colon 47 years and rectum 50 years) and 66 years in Nova Scotians (colon 67 years and rectum 63 years), with peaks in the fifth and seventh decades and a male to female ratio of 1.3:1 and 1:1, respectively. The mucinous type accounted for 31 and 13% of colorectal adenocarcinomas in Jordanians and Nova Scotians, respectively, of which the signet-cell type accounted for 14 and 2% of the total number, respectively. The actual incidence rate of mucinous carcinoma, however, was higher among Nova Scotians. In both groups, mucinous carcinoma showed predilection for females and rectal signet-cell carcinoma showed bias toward younger females. The authors believe that the significantly different epidemiologic and morphologic features of colorectal cancer demonstrated in these two communities could shed light on possible etiologic influences, such as dietary habits or other environmental factors.
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PMID:Colorectal cancer in Jordan and Nova Scotia: a comparative epidemiologic and histopathologic study. 624 96

It is well known that most tumours are attributed to life style, especially the tumours of the digestive system. Clinical and histopathological investigation of tumours in different human groups and societies, and analysis of the variations will provide evidence for this, and is one of the approaches to study carcinogens. Clinical data obtained from 391 patients with colorectal cancer at the Sakai Municipal Hospital, Japan, and Shanghai Jinshan Hospital and Cancer Hospital, China, from 1987 to 1992, included the sex, age and tumour subsite. Sections of histological specimens were also retrieved. The results were compared between two countries. The average age of patients with colorectal cancer in Shanghai was 8.5 years less than in the Sakai group. The age peak of the former was 51-60, and in the latter, 61-70 years. The most frequent site of the cancer in the Shanghai group was the rectum, contrasting with the higher percentage of sigmoid colon cancer in Sakai group. There was also a significant difference in histological subtype of the cancer between the two groups. Mucinous adenocarcinoma was notably more common in the Shanghai group than in the Sakai group, and the high frequency was mainly in the colon. All of the variations were suggested to be attributable to differing socioeconomic circumstances and lifestyle, especially the dietary habits of the countries.
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PMID:Differences in colorectal cancer between China and Japan: a clinical and histological study of two groups of cases. 776 47

The records of the General Surgery Department of the Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty of 10 years duration (1981-1991) were studied retrospectively to determine prognostic factors in colorectal cancer patients younger than 40-year old. Fifty patients between the ages of 10-39 were identified. The family history was positive in 7 of the 50 patients. We found Hematochezia (60%), abdominal pain (64%), alterations in bowel movements (60%) among the presenting symptoms. The pathologic examination revealed no patients in Dukes Stage A, 14 patients in stage B (28%), 36 patients in stage C and D (72%). Distant metastases were present in 10%. Mucinous adenocarcinoma was found in 40% of the patients in whom an histological differentiation could be made. The 5-year survival rate was 25.7% and the 5-year disease free survival rate was 17.1% in the patients who were followed up. The mean survival was 30 months. Poor prognostic factors were Dukes Stages C and D, sex, age, mucinous/nonmucinous histology, tumour differentiation and grade. Patients presenting with one or more of the symptoms above should be carefully examined for colorectal cancer regardless of age because of the importance of delay and presentation with progressive disease on survival. Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer in the U. S. A. Although colorectal cancer is a disease of older group of patients, the incidence of colorectal cancer in younger patients is being increasingly reported.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Colorectal cancer in patients younger than forty years of age. 814 Aug 35

A 43-year-old male with sacral chordoma associated with rectal cancer is herein reported. A presacral tumor with extensive destruction of S4 and S5 was found 2.5 years after a low anterior resection for advanced rectal mucinous carcinoma. Under the preoperative diagnosis of a solitary sacral metastasis of rectal cancer, the lower sacral segments together with the tumor were removed by amputation at S3. Histologically, the tumor was a chordoma composed of polyhedral cells with an abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm mixed with typical vacuolated physaliferous cells within a myxoid matrix. Colorectal cancer associated with an extracolic primary malignant neoplasm is not uncommon; however, this is only the second case of colorectal cancer associated with chordoma to the best of our knowledge.
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PMID:Sacral chordoma developing two years after low anterior resection for rectal cancer. 838 13


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