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Query: UMLS:C0009324 (ulcerative colitis)
 17,300 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Measurements of mucosal dimension, architecture, and cell counts in both lamina propria and epithelium were made on rectal biopsy specimens from 20 patients with irritable bowel syndrome ("normal" controls); 54 patients with ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and non-specific proctitis; eight patients with small bowel Crohn's disease; and 34 in whom the rectal biopsy specimen was not diagnostic. Discriminant analysis was applied to multiple variables based on the measurements, and three variables were identified as of high predictive value. The most powerful discriminant was increased lamina propria cellularity in all forms of chronic colitis. The ratios of surface length to mucosal length and of surface epithelial height to crypt epithelial height also emerged as discriminants. Chronic inflammatory bowel disease was distinguished from normal in 95% of cases with a definite pathological diagnosis, and 85% of borderline cases were correctly classified as either normal or inflammatory when judged by the final diagnosis after follow up. This study provides a basis for automated diagnosis of rectal biopsy specimens and provides objectively validated criteria which can also be applied in routine histological diagnosis.
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PMID:What is colitis? Statistical approach to distinguishing clinically important inflammatory change in rectal biopsy specimens. 334 81

This paper reports studies of patients with the following disorders: peptic ulcer, hypertension, bronchial asthma, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), ulcerative colitis (UC), urticaria, psoriasis and alopecia. The investigations focused on dysthymic states, measured by Foulds' Scale of Anxiety and Depression (SAD) and--except for the first three disorders--the Present State Examination (PSE). On the SAD, all the above groups scored significantly higher than somatically ill controls in anxiety, and all except ulcer patients scored significantly higher in depression. The PSE designated more than half of these patients as cases, except in the psoriasis group. Most patients were assigned to the PSE syndromes of anxiety states or neurotic depression, with the former being more common in UC and urticaria, and the latter more common in IBS, alopecia and rheumatoid arthritis. The variation within skin diseases and within gastrointestinal diseases suggests that neurotic symptoms are typical of each disease rather than of the system involved in the disturbance.
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PMID:Dysthymic states and depressive syndromes in physical conditions of presumably psychogenic origin. 343 24

Gastrointestinal functions such as food intake, propulsive peristalsis, inhibition of reflux, secretion, digestion and defecation are controlled by a complex autonomous neurohumoral system, which is influenced by higher cortical impulses. Life stress may modulate these impulses and in this way cause two types of gastrointestinal reactions. Psychophysiological reactions involve accentuations, inhibition or distortion of the pattern of function of gastrointestinal organs without changes in their structure. Examples of this type of reaction are often painful accentuation of bowel movements in patients with the irritable bowel syndrome, and increased gastric secretion elicited by emotional stress. Psychosomatic reactions lead to morphological changes in the end organ, e.g. activation of peptic ulcer or ulcerative colitis. Psychophysiological reactions may be important in the onset of symptoms in some functional diseases, e.g. in the irritable bowel syndrome. These patients need support from the physician, but specific psychiatric therapy is required only in cases with severe psychopathology, e.g. in patients with anorexia nervosa. The role of psychosomatic reactions in the development of organic gastrointestinal diseases is still unclear, as is the value of specific psychiatric therapy in the treatment of diseases such as peptic ulcer or ulcerative colitis. If this kind of therapy has some effect, it may be directed mainly towards subjective symptoms.
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PMID:Psychosomatic factors in gastrointestinal disorders. 347 93

An epidemiologic study of inflammatory bowel disease was conducted in Regio Leiden, the Netherlands, between 1979 and 1983. Archives of endoscopy, radiology, pathology, and specialist letters were reviewed for suspected patients with inflammatory bowel disease, together with a survey of all general practitioners to verify completeness of data. One thousand forty patients were identified and each diagnosis was reviewed. Two hundred ten patients had Crohn's disease and 257 had ulcerative colitis. Of the other 573 patients, the largest proportion (21%) had incomplete data for disease classification. Others had irritable bowel syndrome, diverticulitis, or ischemic or irradiation colitis; some were nonresident patients with inflammatory bowel disease treated within the region and others were out of the period for inclusion in this investigation. The incidence of Crohn's disease was 3.9 per 10(5) per year and the period prevalence was 48 per 10(5). The sex-specific incidence was similar, although the disease was significantly more common in women aged 20-29 yr. The prevalence in the city municipalities of Leiden and Alphen on the Rijn (63 per 10(5)) was similar but significantly greater than in suburban (39 per 10(5)) or agarian areas (40 per 10(5)). This may be partially due to urban density but not to differences in water supply. The lack of cases in the migrant population almost reaches significant levels, but studies in locations with a higher migrant population may clarify the issue.
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PMID:Epidemiology of Crohn's disease in Regio Leiden, The Netherlands. A population study from 1979 to 1983. 349 61

ASLC is clinically and endoscopically similar to active idiopathic IBD, especially ulcerative colitis. While several histopathologic criteria have been described which are useful in distinguishing these conditions, the diagnosis can still be difficult. In this study, we review the use of immunofluorescence on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded biopsies from patients with ASLC. While tissues from active IBD have a striking increase in the number of IgG- and a lesser increase in the IgA- and IgM-containing plasma cells in the lamina propria, tissues from ASLC have normal numbers of IgG-containing cells with only a slight increase in IgA- and IgM-containing cells. The use of immunofluorescence on these tissues can provide quantifiable information which may be a helpful diagnostic adjunct in distinguishing these alternatives if histopathologic evaluation is equivocal.
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PMID:Quantification of IgG-containing plasma cells as an adjunct to histopathology in distinguishing acute self-limited colitis from active idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease. 350 53

The prevalence and construct validity of Type A behaviour were studied in 34 patients with duodenal ulcers, 35 patients with ulcerative colitis, 37 patients with irritable colon syndrome, 29 patients with gallstone disease and 44 patients with varicose veins. Type A behaviour was measured using the Swedish version of the Jenkins Activity Survey (JAS) supplemented with some items of the Matthews Youth Test for Health. The results showed that patients with duodenal ulcers scored more highly on Type A behaviour than any other group studied. Findings regarding the construct validity of Type A behaviour revealed its basic component to be impatience characterized by aggression, a chronic sense of time urgency and competitiveness. Some characteristics such as a sense of responsibility and social activity, conceptually part of the pattern, were found to be actually independent of it.
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PMID:The prevalence and construct validity of type A behaviour in patients with duodenal ulcers. 362 Mar 93

Two experimental groups of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) were compared for hostile personality characteristics and dysthymic states with physically ill patients. Both experimental groups were found to be less dominant, more intropunitive, more anxious and more depressed than the control group. IBS patients, however, were more dominant and less intropunitive than UC patients. Low dominance has been associated with psychosomatic illnesses, and high intropunitiveness with neurotic formation. Both UC and IBS patients have been found to be severely neurotic, a fact reflecting the concurrence of the psychosomatic and neurotic defences in these diseases. More IBS patients had premorbid psychiatric symptoms in comparison with controls and UC patients.
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PMID:Low dominance and high intropunitiveness in ulcerative colitis and irritable bowel syndrome. 362 84

This international case control study was conducted in 14 centers in 9 countries to investigate factors in childhood which may have a bearing on the etiology or pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). 197 patients with UC and 302 with CD (499 with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD] whose disease started before age 20 years and whose age at time of study was less than 25 years were investigated, with two age- and sex-matched controls for each patient. All subjects were studied with uniform questionnaires. Eczema was found significantly more frequently in patients with CD (p less than 0.005) and in their fathers (p less than 0.025), mothers (p less than 0.002), and siblings (p less than 0.01) as compared with their respective controls. IBD was significantly more frequent in parents, siblings, cousins, grandparents, and uncles of patients than in their respective controls. The fathers of patients with UC had significantly more major gastrointestinal and cardiovascular diseases at the time of the patient's birth than the fathers of controls. In North America mothers of patients with UC and CD took vitamin, mineral, and iron preparations during pregnancy significantly less frequently than mothers of controls. Patients with CD and UC consumed a lower residue diet than controls. Recurrent respiratory infections were more frequent in patients with UC and CD (p less than 0.001); it is uncertain whether this preceded disease. Hospitalization for respiratory diseases was more frequent in patients than controls, and the use of antibiotics more frequent in patients with CD. Smallpox vaccination was less frequent (p less than 0.05) in patients with CD, and chickenpox infection was less common in patients with UC (p less than 0.01). No significant differences were found between patients and controls in relation to various human and non-human contacts during childhood. Number of siblings, being an only child, and birth order did not differ markedly between patients and controls, and we could not confirm the 'sheltered child' hypothesis in IBD. The parents of controls were slightly better educated and their social class tended to be higher than those of parents of patients. There were significant associations between some of the main factors investigated in this study. No significant differences were found between patients and controls in the frequency of breast feeding, cereal consumption, sugar added to milk in infancy, gastroenteritis in childhood, major stressful life events, and many other factors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Childhood factors in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. An international cooperative study. 368 76

The incidences of appendicectomy, hysterectomy and ovarian surgery have been compared in 145 patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and 63 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). The appendicectomy rate in IBS patients (34.5%) was more than 4 times greater than that in UC patients (7.9%). Likewise, 55.2% of 87 women with IBS underwent hysterectomy or ovarian surgery compared with only 18.5% of 27 women with UC. This increased incidence of abdominal surgery in patients with IBS is probably part of a pattern of chronic illness behaviour; doctors should be aware of this problem when dealing with these cases.
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PMID:The risk of abdominal surgery in irritable bowel syndrome. 372 9

The purpose of this paper is to highlight the incidence and scope of lower gastrointestinal tract (GIT) diseases in the Eastern Province of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Between August 1981 and April 1984, 288 patients with significant complaints and physical signs attributable to the lower GIT were prospectively evaluated. A complete patient history was taken in each case followed by physical examination, routine laboratory studies and a sigmoidoscopic examination. In 128 patients (44.5%), sigmoidoscopy and rectal and/or colonic biopsies did not reveal any pathological abnormalities. These patients were considered to have various disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome or parasitic infestation. Eighty-one patients (28%) were found to have mild to moderate non-specific colitis or proctitis. In another 49 patients (17%) the diagnosis of schistosomiasis mansoni was made. Ulcerative colitis and colorectal carcinoma were detected in only 11 (4%) and 4 (1.5%) patients respectively. In the remaining 15 patients (5%), other lower GIT diseases were found. Comparative analysis of the disease pattern in our series has demonstrated some differences from other series from within the Kingdom and also from other countries.
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PMID:The pattern of colonic diseases in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. 374 90


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