Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0009324 (ulcerative colitis)
 17,300 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A detailed analysis of the species of lymphocytes was carried out in 58 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). These individuals were further divided into 31 with Crohn's disease (CD) and 27 with ulcerative colitis (UC). There were 13 CD patients with only small bowel involvement called "regional enteritis" and 18 who had some degree of colonic involvement called "ileocolitis". Similarly, the UC group was subdivided into 9 patients with disease confined to the rectosigmoid area called "proctosigmoiditis" and 18 with more extensive involvement called "universal colitis". We also studied 13 patients who had undergone previous colectomy and ileostomy and 78 healthy age- and sex-matched controls. Although there was no increase in the absolute number of lymphocytes in patients with ileocolitis and universal colitis, the percentage of these cells was decreased because of an increase in both polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes. In IBD and its subgroups, mean T lymphocytes, determined by the sheep red blood cell rosette technique, were not significantly different from the controls either in percentage or absolute number. Furthermore, no difference was noted between UC and CD. However, there seems to be a subpopulation of patients with UC or CD whose T cells are reduced below 1 SD of the mean. There was also no difference in the number of immunoglobulin-bearing B cells in both diseases; however, when the B cells were enumerated by their ability to rosette with antibody-complement-coated sheep cells (EAC), we found a marked decrease in percentage (P less than 0.001) and absolute number (P less than 0.0005) relative to the control population. The decrease bore a direct relation to the severity of the disease process and, although more marked in patients with UC, was present in CD also.
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PMID:The subpopulations of circulating white blood cells in inflammatory bowel disease. 108 44

Skin reactivity to dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) and levels of circulating T-lymphocytes were measured in 15 patients with ulcerative colitis, 15 patients with Crohn's disease, and 12 normal control subjects. Diminished reactivity to DNCB was demonstrated in 87% of patients with Crohn's disease (P less than 0-001) and in 53% with ulcerative colitis (P less than 0-02), as compared with only 8-5% of controls; anergy was more frequent in Crohn's disease than in ulcerative colitis (P less than 0-05). Levels of circulating T-lymphoctes were also depressed in both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (P less than 0-001) as compared with controls, with the values lower in Crohn's disease than in ulcerative colitis (P less than 0-02). There were no correlations of DNCB response with extent, duration, or severity of disease nor with T-cell levels within any patient group. These data provide further support for the concept that there is impairment of cell-mediated immunity among many patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease, including both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
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PMID:Anergy to dinitrochlorobenzene and depression of T-lymphocytes in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. 108 63

Ulcerative colitis and granulomatous colitis are distinct entities, but up to 10 per cent of colectomy specimens remain unclassified. Ulcerative colitis is primarily a mucosal disease, and other changes appear to be secondary to this process. By contrast, Crohn's disease, or granulomatous colitis, involves the whole thickness of the bowel wall. About 20 per cent of the cases of Crohn's disease involve the small and large bowel, while another 20 per cent are restricted to the large bowel. Since granulomatous colitis is a patchy disease, and many of the changes are deep within the bowel wall, rectal biopsy may not be as helpful as in ulcerative colitis. Fully developed granulomas are present in only a small minority of cases, and a diagnostic report of granulomatous colitis may be given in the absence of granulomas. In biopsy material, the differentiation of inflammatory bowel disease from ischemic colitis and pseudomembranous colitis may be difficult. In the absence of specific demonstration of an organism it may also be impossible on rectal biopsy to distinguish amebic or bacillary dysentery from ulcerative colitis. Even by colectomy, 29 of 300 specimens were sufficiently atypical so as not to warrant a label of Crohn's disease, or ulcerative colitis. Cancer of the colon, which is common in ulcerative colitis, is rare in Crohn's disease, but may also represent a definite complication in the latter. Immunologic studies are still confusing, but it is suggested that patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease may have a state of altered immunologic reactivity.
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PMID:Inflammatory bowel disease: the surgical pathology of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. 108 84

Serum lysozyme (muramidase) concentrations were determined in patients with different types of inflammatory bowel disease and in normal subjects. The mean (plus or minus S.E.M.) lysozyme concentration for each group was as follows: controls, 8.8 plus or minus 0.3, ulcerative colitis, 9.3 plus or minus 0.6, Crohn's disease, 26.3 plus or minus 1.4. a and bacterial and nonbacterial enteritis, 8.9 plus or minus 0.7 mug per milliliter. Thus, mean enzyme levels were significantly greater in Crohn's disease than in ulcerative colitis (p smaller than 0.001), bacterial and nonbacterial enteritis (p smaller than 0.001) and healthy volunteers (p smaller than 0.001). The elevation of serum lysozyme in Crohn's disease may be related to tissue macrophages because no correlation was found between either the serum lysozyme concentration and the white-cell counts or the absolute numbers of circulating granulocytes or monocytes. Our findings suggest that serum lysozyme may be useful in the differential diagnosis of Crohn's disease from other types of bowel inflammation.
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PMID:Serum lysozyme in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. 111 Jul 25

Simultaneous studies with 131-I-albumin and 125-I-immunoglobulin G (IgG) were made in 48 cases of chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Twenty-one had ulcerative colitis and 27 had Crohn's disease which was confirmed at laparotomy in every case. Intestinal protein loss was measured simultaneously by means of 59-Fe-iron dextran in 44 patients. All patients had abnormal intestinal protein loss. A high correlation was shown between fecal 59-Fe clearance and fractional catabolic rate of albumin, confirming the validity of 59-Fe-iron dextran as a test substance to measure intestinal protein loss. Fecal radioiodide excretion of 131-I from 131-I-albumin (A) and 125-I from 125-I-IgG (G) was significantly different in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. The ratio G/A was close to unity (smaller than 1.60) in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease with exclusive or predominant involvement of the colon, whereas it was high in Crohn's disease of the small intestine and highest in cases with jejunal involvement. Thus, the ratio may be valuable in topographic diagnosis of chronic inflammatory bowel disease. A high ratio was found in 2 patients with Crohn's disease of the small intestine and normal radiography of the small intestine, and a low ratio was present in 7 cases of ulcerative colitis with normal radiographic findings. In all 9 patients with normal radiography, fecal 59-Fe clearance was elevated as evidence of abnormal intestinal protein loss. No correlation was present between the size of protein loss and the pathoanatomic extent of the lesions on subsequent laparotomy in 25 patients with Crohn's disease. Fecal radioiodide excretion (131-I from 131-I-albumin and 125-I from 125-I-IgG) was positively correlated with diarrhea (daily stool mass) in both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Intestinal protein loss was not.
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PMID:Fecal radioiodide excretion following intravenous injection of 131-I-albumin and 125-I-immunoglobulin G in chronic inflammatory bowel disease. An aid to topographic diagnosis. 113 26

The mean concentrations of serum lysozyme were markedly higher in patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis than in normal controls, and mean levels tended to be slightly higher in those with Crohn's disease than in those with colitis. The significance of these differences is unclear but the overlap between values in normal individuals and those with inflammatory bowel disease prevents the measurement having any discriminant value.
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PMID:Serum lysozyme in inflammatory bowel disease. 121 22

The presence of antibodies against a dietary protein, bovine serum albumin (BSA), was investigated in the serum of normal subjects and patients with inflammatory bowel disease and celiac disease. Antibodies to BSA were demonstrated in 28 of 30 patients with ulcerative colities (93%), 30 of 35 with Crohn's disease (86%), 5 with untreated celiac disease and in 12 of 28 normal subjects (43%). In patients with inflammatory bowel disease, antibodies to BSA were present in greater amounts in those with severe and moderate disease than in those with mild disease. Moreover, in those patients with high titers of circulating antibody, the serum anti-BSA activity was always associated with IgG and sometimes with IgA. These findings suggest that an increased absorption of antigenic material and stimulation of antibody production may occur in association with intestinal mucosal damage, not only in ulcerative colitis and celiac disease, but also in Crohn's disease.
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PMID:Circulating antibodies to bovine albumin in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Characterization of the antibody response. 124 83

18 patients with inflammatory bowel disease, among them ten with ulcerative colitis and 5 with Crohn's disease, were treated with the combined enteral-parenteral synthetic hypercaloric nutrition. By use of Vivasorb the clinical results were rather good. However, it was impossible to normalize the serumalbumin until the application of the formula diet BSD, enriched in amino acids. These experiences with BSD reveal much better results. All patients recovered nearly completely from their complaints and the clinical parameters went back to normal. Furthermore, it is easier to improve the flavour. The typical mode therapy is demonstrated on one patient with ulcerative colitis and one with Crohn's disease.
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PMID:[Nutritional problems in diseases of the small and large intestine]. 125 26

Sixty-five patients with an initial diagnosis of ulcerative colitis who underwent total proctocolectomy between 1955 and 1973 were studied retrospectively. Rectal mucosa in each patient was examined microscopically for the presence or absence of "precancerous" alterations as described by Morson and Pang. Histologic examination was made with no knowledge of concomitant colon carcinoma or the patients' clinical courses. Three of ten patients with precancerous rectal mucosa had invasive colon carcinoma, while none of the 55 patients without such changes had colon cancer (P less than .05, Fischer exact test). The duration of disease was significantly greater in those patients with rectal precancer (P less than .05). Reexamination changed the pathologic diagnosis in 15 patients from ulcerative colitis to granulomatous or "mixed" colitis. Two of three invasive cancers occurred in the reclassified group. Results support previous contentions that careful histologic evaluation of rectal biopsy specimens from individuals with inflammatory bowel disease may better define that population of patients with an increased risk of colonic carcinoma.
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PMID:Implications of precancerous rectal biopsy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. 125 70

The occurrence of inflammatory bowel disease in all three members of one family is described. Studies of white blood cell chromosomes, histocompatibility antigens, and cellular and humoral immunity failed to explain this unusual phenomenon. However, the appearance of inflammatory bowel disease in an entire family reemphasizes the potential role of genetic and environmental influences in the pathogenesis of some cases of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.
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PMID:Inflammatory bowel disease in all three members of one family. 126 70


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