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Query: UMLS:C0009319 (colitis)
 19,384 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A study was made, in co-operation with several gastroenterology and rheumatology centres, of the clinical and genetic characteristics (HLA B27) of 50 patients suffering from both inflammatory bowel disease (38 Crohn's disease (CD), 12 ulcerated colitis (UC)) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS), the latter diagnosis being established according to the New York criteria. 20 CD (52.6%) and 8 UC (66.7%) patients were HLA B27 positive. The presence of HLA B27 was studied in relation to clinical parameters, such as first occurrence of symptoms of AS or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a history of peripheral arthritis, iridocyclitis, and a positive history of AS or IBD. Our patients were found to have heterogeneous clinical features: on one side of the spectrum a group of cases was distingiushed with the typical characteristics of idiopathic AS, often being HLA B27 positive. On the other side a smaller group of HLA B27 negative patients was observed, with severe intestinal inflammatory pathology, lacking most of the typical clinical features of idiopathic AS ('secondary' form of AS). Finally, between these two extremes a group of patients was found with less pronounced clinical or genetic characteristics. These different clinical and histocompatibility patterns suggest a mixed aetiopathogenesis of AS in IBD patients. Such a 'syndrome' of AS might harbour both idiopathic AS and forms of AS 'secondary' to the intestinal inflammatory pathology.
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PMID:Ankylosing spondylitis and inflammatory bowel disease. III. Clinical characteristics and results of histocompatibility typing (HLA B27) in 50 patients with both ankylosing spondylitis and inflammatory bowel disease. 62 2

To evaluate the pathogenetic significance of impaired cellular immunity in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), we have measured the cutaneous responsiveness to dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) among 58 patients with IBD, 33 with Crohn's disease and 25 with ulcerative colitis, 63 of their clinically normal relatives, 24 additional ileitis and colitis patients who had undergone resection of all visibly diseased bowel, and 23 control subjects. Cutaneous anergy to DNCB was demonstrated among 70% of the patients with CD and 48% of those with UC, as against only 9% of the controls (p less than 0.001). There was no increased incidence of anergy among either 44 first-degree relatives (7%) or 19 spouses (3%), nor was there any special proclivity toward anergy among six pairs of patients with familial inflammatory bowel disease. In Crohn's disease, anergy was still present after bowel resection in six of 10 patients (60%), while in ulcerative colitis anergy was found after colectomy in only two of 14 patients (14%). Our data suggest that the immune defect in patients with inflammatory bowel disease may be a secondary phenomenon. In ulcerative colitis, the defect appears to reverse after colectomy, but in Crohn's disease it persists despite resection. This finding is consistent with the observed tendency of Crohn's disease, but not ulcerative colitis, to inexorable postoperative recurrence.
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PMID:Significance of anergy to dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) in inflammatory bowel disease: family and postoperative studies. 64 33

Filiform polyposis presents a characteristic radiographic appearance consisting of long, filamentous filling defects in an otherwise normal colon. It has previously been reported in patients with a prior history of ulcerative colitis and in one patient with granulomatous colitis. The authors document its development in patients with ulcerative and granulomatous colitis. The authors have also seen a solitary filiform polyp in a patient with previously undiagnosed inflammatory bowel disease, and filiform polyps in the stomach in a patient with documented Crohn disease involving the small bowel. It is believed that this represents a nonspecific sequela of diffuse mucosal inflammation; it should not be mistaken for a neoplastic form of polyposis.
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PMID:Filiform polyposis. 66 46

Rectal biopsies were examined from 22 patients with Salmonella infection of food-poisoning type and from seven patients with inflammatory bowel disease and coincidental Salmonella infection. In the former group the changes observed were mucosal oedema with acute inflammation of varying severity but with preservation of the crypt architecture. Crypt abscesses were present in a few cases but were usually localized in the crypt and mucus depletion only occurred with severe inflammation. These features are not specific and are similar to those seen in other types of infective colitis such as Shigella dysentery, gonococcal proctitis and amoebic colitis. In the majority of cases of infective colitis the appearances are usually sufficiently distinctive, however, to distinguish them from those seen in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. The changes in the biopsies from the seven patients with coincidental Salmonella infection were in general those of the underlying idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease.
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PMID:The rectal biopsy appearances in Salmonella colitis. 66 91

It is stated that 10-20% of cases of non-specific inflammatory bowel disease cannot be classified. Thirty such cases, designated colitis indeterminate at the time of colectomy, were identified from the pathology files of St. Mark's Hospital. The Histopathological features of the surgical specimens and any available biopsy specimens were studied. In nearly all the cases urgent surgery had been required and the features of incipient or established fulminating disease were present. The pathology of these cases of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis overlapped, and differentiating features were scant or unreliable. Accepted criteria of Crohn's disease--namely, fissuring ulceration, transmural inflammation, and a maintained goblet-cell population--were found in cases subsequently proved to be ulcerative colitis. Disease activity greatly affected the evaluation of morphological features. Many of the difficulties were resolved when biopsy material obtained during a quiescent phase was examined. The specimens gave a dynamic perspective of the disease process, often more valuable than the static, non-specific picture of acute disease seen in the surgical specimens. Case of colitis indeterminate form a small distinctive group in the spectrum of inflammatory bowel disease which is characterised by a common pattern of pathology that presents a diagnostic dilemma.
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PMID:Overlap in the spectrum of non-specific inflammatory bowel disease--'colitis indeterminate'. 67 Apr 13

Thirty-four patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease, 23 with ulcerative colitis, and 11 with crohn's disease, weretreated with elemental diet. thirty-one patients had been on high dose prednisonetherapy one to four weeks prior to the diet with no or insufficient response. Fifteen patients (44%) went into remission when elemental diet was introduced as the only change of treatment. Furthermore six patients (18%) went into remission when the dietary treatment was supplemented with high dose prednisone treatment (2 cases) or an increase of prednisone dose (4 cases). Remission occurred in 16 of 21 patients with disease of moderate activity, but in only 5 of 13 cases with severe disease. Remission rate was higher in patients with a limited extent of the lesion, but 8 patients with extensive colitis responded to treatment. There was no significant change of haemoglobin serum iron, transferrin, albumin, orosomucoid, or renal excretion of creatinine. However, significant decreases were observed of sedimentation rate, renal urea excretion, faecal volume and daily number of bowel movements. Colectomy was performed in 8 patients whose condition remained unchanged or aggravated during treatment. Follow-up studies of non-operated patients who went into remission showed that 6 of 13 patients with ulcerative colitis were perfectly well 7-28 months after the study, 3 patients suffered a mild recurrence after 4-24 months, and 4 patients were colectomized 5-10 months later due to severe attack. Of 8 patients with Crohn's disease 4 remained unoperated and free of symptoms 22-35 months after the study.
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PMID:Assessment of the therapeutic value of an elemental diet in chronic inflammatory bowel disease. 83 75

A patient with pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis noted on barium enema performed for evaluation of rectal bleeding was found on fiberoptic colonoscopy to have evidence of inflammatory bowel disease, consistent with granulomatous colitis, the sigmoid colon element of which responded to topical steroid therapy as documented by repeat colonoscopy three months later.
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PMID:Pneumatosis and cystoides intestinalis. Report of a case with colonoscopic findings of inflammatory bowel disease. 92 Jul 21

Double tracking of barium in the sigmoid colon has been associated with granulomatous colitis by some; others consider it a sign of peridiverticulitis. Patients who showed no evidence of inflammatory disease elsewhere in the large intestine were analysed. The pathological diagnosis was diverticulitis in 29 of 35 cases, and granulomatous diverticulitis in only 1. In 5 the underlying process was perforated carcinoma of the sigmoid colon. In those with paracolonic sinus tracts due to peridiverticulitis, pathological study demonstrated tracts extrinsic to the muscularis and usually traceable to a perforated diverticulum. Long-term follow-up disclosed no evidence of subsequent inflammatory bowel disease.
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PMID:Double tracking in the sigmoid colon. 93 79

The records of a series of 700 patients with inflammatory bowel disease, 498 with Crohn's disease and 202 with ulcerative colitis, have been analyzed to determine the relative incidence and characteristic features of their extra-intestinal manifestations. The group with Crohn's disease included 62 with colitis, 223 with ileocolitis, and 213 with regional enteritis. A consideration of the clinical patterns and an understanding of their pathophysiology suggested a subdivision into two main groups: one "colitis related" and one related to the pathophysiology of the small nonspecific third group. Group A, colitis related, comprises joint, skin, mouth, and eye disease. The complications might be immunologically determined, were closely associated with active inflammation, and often responded to medical or surgical treatment of the underlying bowel disease. They occurred in 36% of the entire series of patients: joints were involved in 23%, skin in 15%, and mouth and eye each in 4%. Pyoderma gangrenosum was observed most often in ulcerative colitis and erythema nodosum most often in granulomatous colitis. The incidence of Group A complications was higher in disease involving the colon (42%) than in disease restricted exclusively to the small bowel (23%). There were interrelationships among the various members of Group A, with multiple manifestations occurring in a third of affected patients. Group B, related to small bowel pathophysiology, includes malabsorption, gallstones, kidney stones, and non-calculous hydronephrosis and hydroureter. Disorders in this group were generally related to the severity of the disease in the small bowel and tended to persist even in the absence of active inflammation. In contrast to Group A, this group occurred most frequently in small bowel disease, and least in colonic disease. Malabsorption was virtually confined to the patients with small bowel disease (10% incidence), while gallstones and renal stones were also both more frequent in Crohn's disease (11% and 9% respectively), the latter usually in association with small bowel resection or ileostomy. Group C, found in a small percentage of patients, consists of nonspecific complications, including osteoporosis (3%), liver disease (5%), peptic ulcer (10%), and amyloidosis (1%).
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PMID:The extra-intestinal complications of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis: a study of 700 patients. 95 99

Colitis associated with antibiotics, particularly with lincomycin and clindamycin, is a well established entity. The colitis may be clinically and radiologically very difficult to distinguish from inflammatory bowel disease, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. A wide spectrum of pathological features is described with various antibiotics. However, the pathological picture in the pseudomembranous form is quite distinctive. The most important histological findings include a "mushroom-like" or "explosive" appearance of the pseudomembrane with a sudden transition to normal mucosa adjacent to the lesion. Rectal biopsy is both an accurate and a rapid method of establishing the diagnosis.
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PMID:Pseudomembranous colitis associated with antibiotics. 99 48


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