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Query: UMLS:C0009319 (colitis)
 19,384 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Four patients with severe chronic radiation enteritis and/or colitis were treated with anti-inflammatory drugs that are used conventionally in the treatment of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease. Salicylazosulfapyridine (SASP) was used in the treatment of all four patients, while one patient received oral prednisone together with SASP. All four patients were treated and observed for over one year, with follow-up observations now extending to over three years. The four patients showed striking clinical improvement, accompanied by improvement in the radiographic appearance of affected bowel, complete or almost complete in three and incomplete in the fourth patient. The results of this pilot investigation are encouraging and call for wider clinical trials of the same and related drugs in larger groups of patients with chronic radiation enterocolitis, a serious condition that has until now not been successfully treated with drugs.
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PMID:Treatment of chronic radiation enteritis and colitis with salicylazosulfapyridine and systemic corticosteroids. A pilot study. 0 36

Colonoscopy has added a new dimension to the diagnosis of colonic diseases. In the field of inflammatory bowel disease, colonscopy is indicated only when certain specific problems arise. Patients with acute colitis and those who are too sick to withstand cleansing enemas should not undergo colonoscopy. A major use of the colonoscope is in the detection of carcinoma in the colitic colon either in the form of colonic strictures or filling defects discovered by barium enema x-ray, or in the long-term surveillance of patients with universal ulcerative colitis. Criteria are listed to assist in the colonoscopic differential diagnosis between ulcerative and granulomatous colitis. By using different criteria than the radiographer, and with the help of biopsy specimens, a high degree of accuracy in proper diagnosis can be achieved.
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PMID:Colitis, cancer, and colonoscopy. 30 11

Entamoeba histolytica is a protozoan that is endemic in various parts of the world, including some areas of the United States. It may live in the large bowel in its cyst form without harming the host (commensalism) or, for as yet poorly understood reasons, invade the tissues as a trophozoite producing invasive amebiasis of the colon. In a review of over 3,000 cases of invasive amebiasis, the clinico-pathologic forms of the disease were: ulcerative rectocolitis (95%), typhloappendicitis (3%), ameboma (1.5%), and fulminating colitis and toxic megacolon (0.5%). Different radiographic patterns are seen in each clinical form with varying degrees of specificity. It is vitally important that this disease be included in the differential diagnosis of large bowel pathology even in nonendemic areas. Several referral patients who have received inappropriate therapy for inflammatory bowel disease with near disastrous results are seen at one of our institutions (Loyola) each year.
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PMID:Radiology of invasive amebiasis of the colon. 41 58

Toxic dilatation of the colon may be due to inflammatory bowel disease, either ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease of the colon, but recent experience has shown that infective colitis due to salmonella can produce this complication. We present 13 cases with toxic dilatation (9 inflammatory bowel disease and 4 salmonellosis) and outline the diagnostic features and treatment in these patients. It is important to distinguish salmonellosis at an early stage because, whilst toxic dilatation in inflammatory bowel disease is an absolute indication for surgical treatment, cases with this complication due to salmonellosis may be treated conservatively in the majority of instances.
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PMID:Toxic dilatation of the colon in salmonella colitis and inflammatory bowel disease. 42 Sep 73

A case is described of an unusual combination of polypois and inflammatory bowel disease of a granulomatous type. A striking feature is the complexity of the polypoidal lesions. The relationship between these lesions and the granulomatous colitis which is probably a variant of Crohn's disease is discussed.
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PMID:Giant pseudopolyposis in granulomatous colitis. 46 35

The spectrum and incidence of liver disease is described among a large series of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The incidence of significant liver disease identified by the presence of serial biochemical abnormalities of liver function was 8.2 per cent. Transient peri-operative changes in liver function tests are common and usually relate to underlying intra-abdominal sepsis. Percholangitis, sometimes termed portal triaditis, is one of the commoner lesions, and is usually associated with extensive colitis and improves with resection of the underlying bowel disease. Cirrhosis of the liver is an important but uncommon complication and is usually associated with extensive long-standing disease. Stenosing cholangitis and biliary tract carcinoma are both important though rare associations. They are both associated with extensive disease of long-standing, but resection of the underlying inflammatory bowel disease does not necessarily protect the individual from these complications. Although stenosing cholangitis is a diffuse lesion of the biliary tree it is important to exclude strictures of the extra-hepatic biliary tree which may be amenable to surgical correction. Hepatic dysfunction is rarely the sole indication for advising surgery for the underlying bowel disease but the identification of the nature of the hepati- dysfunction provides a rational basis for such a decision and opportunities for the surgical correction of the hepatic lesion itself.
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PMID:The spectrum of hepatic dysfunction in inflammatory bowel disease. 48 86

Pericarditis is an uncommon but important complication of inflammatory bowel disease. Five new cases are described and the published literature on nine other cases is reviewed. The pericarditis occurred during an active phase of the colitis in all our cases and was associated with other extra-colonic manifestations of colitis in three. No other cause for the pericarditis was identified and in all five cases it responded promptly to the administration of corticosteroid drugs.
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PMID:Pericarditis and inflammatory bowel disease. 48 94

During a ten-year period, a double-blind retrospective study of 32 colectomy specimens from patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) showed that the majority of cases could be clearly separated into ulcerative colitis (UC, 65%) and Crohn's disease (CD, 19%). However, in five (16%) colectomy specimens, the pathologic changes did not fulfill the criteria generally accepted for UC and CD. Criteria were laid down to differentiate the indeterminate form of colitis from the two more familiar types of IBD. We discuss the value of the category "indeterminate colitis" and emphasize that the term "transmural inflammation" is loosely used and that accurate definition of this criterion removes much of the difficulty from the differential diagnosis of IBD.
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PMID:Indeterminate colitis in the spectrum of inflammatory bowel disease. 58 45

The incidence of protein malnutrition was studied in 74 unselected patients with inflammatory bowel disease who were in the following categories: ileostomy (16), remission (15), elective surgery (12), acute attack (12), urgent surgery (10) and post-surgical complications (9). Compared with a control group, the patients in the urgent surgery group had low values for plasma albumin transferrin, pre-albumin and haemoglobin and these values were even lower in the patients who developed a major complication after surgery. There was no evidence of protein malnutrition in the ileostomy patients or in those in whom the disease was in remission. Nutritional therapy is strongly indicated in patients who are admitted to hospital with a severe attack of colitis and in whom urgent surgery is probable.
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PMID:A survey of protein nutrition in patients with inflammatory bowel disease--a rational basis for nutritional therapy. 58 90

The term inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is viewed as all-inclusive, covering the full panoply of intestinal disorders in which inflammatory changes are a prominent feature, including those of infectious, toxic, and intrinsic origin as well as the idiopathic entities ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. This chapter describes and discusses those aspects of colo-rectal biopsy in IBD which can help pathologists make optimal interpretations. The areas covered are: 1) methods used to prepare biopsy specimens for study, 2) normal histologic findings and common artefacts, 3) basic pathologic changes occurring in IBD, 4) a general approach to differential diagnosis in IBD, and 5) discussion of the various individual forms of IBD. The importance of full and reliable information exchange between the endoscopist and pathologist is stressed. Special attention is given to features in biopsy specimens which help in differentiating between ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Other entities discussed are bacterial dysenteries; gonococcal proctitis; tuberculosis; Whipple's disease; amebiasis; balantidiasis; schistosomiasis; cryptosporidiosis; lymphopathia venereum; cytomegalovirus infection; histoplasmosis; antibiotic colitis; IBD due to cytotoxic drugs (5-FU), heavy metals, and foodstuffs; irradiation colitis; ischemic colitis; solitary ulcer syndrome; diverticulitis; and colitis secondary to obstruction. The term pseudomembranous enterocolitis is also considered.
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PMID:Colo-rectal biopsy in inflammatory bowel disease. 61 15


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