Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0008489 (chorea)
 2,102 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Dyskinesias encompass a variety of different hyperkinetic phenomenologies, particularly chorea, dystonia, stereotypies, and akathisia. The main types of drug-induced dyskinesias include levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) in patients with Parkinson's disease and tardive syndrome (TS), typically present in patients with psychiatric or gastrointenstinal disorders treated with dopamine receptor blocking drugs, also referred to as neuroleptics. Besides preventive measures (i.e., avoiding the use of the offending drugs), general treatment strategies include slow taper of the offending agent and use of dopamine-depleting agents like tetrabenazine. Botulinum toxin may be helpful for wearing off focal dystonia and some forms of tardive dystonia. Deep brain stimulation is usually reserved for patients with disabling motor fluctuations, LID, and for severe TS that cannot be managed medically.
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PMID:Drug-Induced Dyskinesia, Part 2: Treatment of Tardive Dyskinesia. 2709 Dec 14

Hemiballismus, a subtype of chorea, is a rare movement disorder, and is most commonly found secondary to stroke. Movements are involuntary, violent, coarse, and have a wide amplitude. There is increasing report of hemiballismus occurring in non-ketotic hyperglycemia. Spontaneous improvements or remissions were observed in many patients, and treatment should be directed towards the cause of hemiballismus. There is no randomized control trial to guide clinicians in deciding the best treatment option when managing hemiballismus. Symptomatic treatment includes the use of drugs such as dopamine receptor blocker and tetrabenazine. Surgical treatment is reserved for severe, persistent, and disabling hemiballismus. This case is of an elderly woman with long standing uncontrolled diabetes who presented with abnormal movement in her left upper limb for 2 months, which resolved slowly with good control of her glucose levels. Treating physicians need to have a high index of suspicion to prevent mismanagement of the condition.
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PMID:Hemiballismus in Uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus. 2978 10